Different Calcium Concentrations Under Aeroponics: Effects on Growth and Yield of Potato

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0475

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this research is to explore the effect of calcium on potato physiology and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the production technology of pre-basic seed and reasonable application of calcium fertilizer. Two varieties, ‘Xisen 6' and ‘Chuanyu 50', were used as materials. A randomized block design was used to study the effects of different calcium concentrations on growth and development, physiological characteristics and yield of potato. The plant height, root length, leaf area index and stolon length of ‘Xisen 6' and ‘Chuanyu 50' under 13.5 mmol/L treatment were the highest, but the number of stolons was the least. Leaf ABA content decreased with the increase of calcium concentration, while GA₃ content increased with the increase of calcium concentration. When the calcium concentration was 0.5 mmol/L, the number of tuber per plant of ‘Xisen 6' and ‘Chuanyu 50' was the highest, which was 26.56 tubers/plant and 41.27 tubers/plant, respectively. When the concentration of calcium was 4.5 mmol/L, the yield and the number of tubers weighed more than 1 g were the highest for each plant. The yield of ‘Xisen 6' and ‘Chuanyu 50' was 65.58 g/plant and 108.35 g/plant, and the number of tubers weighed more than 1 g was 19.57 tubers/plant and 28.92 tubers/plant, respectively. High calcium application could promote potato plant development, improve photosynthesis and increase the yield, while low calcium concentration could help to obtain more tubers per plant. In general, the optimal calcium concentration is 4.5 mmol/L under the experimental conditions of this study.

Key words: Solanum tuberosum, calcium concentration, growth and development, tuber formation, yield

HU Baigeng, LI Xueyang, KONG Haiming, SUN Shasha, WANG Kexiu, HU Jianjun, HE Wei, TANG Mingxia. Different Calcium Concentrations Under Aeroponics: Effects on Growth and Yield of Potato[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(9): 33-39.

Figures/Tables 7

References 21

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钙浓度/(mmol/L)	各元素浓度/(mmol/L)
钙浓度/(mmol/L)	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
0.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	0.50	0.99
1.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	1.50	0.99
4.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	4.50	0.99
13.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	13.50	0.99

钙浓度/(mmol/L)	各元素浓度/(mmol/L)
钙浓度/(mmol/L)	N	P	K	Ca	Mg
0.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	0.50	0.99
1.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	1.50	0.99
4.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	4.50	0.99
13.5	17.86	1.46	15.39	13.50	0.99

钙浓度/(mmol/L)		株高/cm	根长/cm	匍匐茎长/cm	匍匐茎数/个	叶面积指数	单株干物质含量/g
希森6号	0.5	27.10b	55.91b	19.63a	6.81a	0.53a	13.28b
	1.5	27.19b	57.10b	24.88a	6.38a	0.55a	14.49b
	4.5	47.22a	58.31b	26.19a	5.88a	0.60a	17.67a
	13.5	47.44a	63.16a	34.19a	5.84a	0.63a	17.48a
川芋50	0.5	70.35b	80.66a	33.91a	8.13a	0.98a	20.20a
	1.5	71.32b	81.63a	38.66a	7.06ab	1.07a	19.66a
	4.5	83.36a	82.25a	37.97a	6.44ab	1.18a	21.71a
	13.5	90.63a	86.63a	43.85a	5.75b	1.22a	21.63a

钙浓度/(mmol/L)		株高/cm	根长/cm	匍匐茎长/cm	匍匐茎数/个	叶面积指数	单株干物质含量/g
希森6号	0.5	27.10b	55.91b	19.63a	6.81a	0.53a	13.28b
	1.5	27.19b	57.10b	24.88a	6.38a	0.55a	14.49b
	4.5	47.22a	58.31b	26.19a	5.88a	0.60a	17.67a
	13.5	47.44a	63.16a	34.19a	5.84a	0.63a	17.48a
川芋50	0.5	70.35b	80.66a	33.91a	8.13a	0.98a	20.20a
	1.5	71.32b	81.63a	38.66a	7.06ab	1.07a	19.66a
	4.5	83.36a	82.25a	37.97a	6.44ab	1.18a	21.71a
	13.5	90.63a	86.63a	43.85a	5.75b	1.22a	21.63a

钙浓度/(mmol/L)		GA₃/(ng/g)	ABA/(ng/g)	GA₃/ABA
希森6号	0.5	0.68b	19.54a	0.035a
	1.5	0.82ab	15.28b	0.054b
	4.5	0.86a	14.79b	0.058b
	13.5	0.73ab	12.06b	0.061b
川芋50	0.5	0.67b	34.67a	0.019a
	1.5	0.89a	31.68a	0.028ab
	4.5	0.77b	23.62ab	0.032b
	13.5	0.73b	17.24b	0.042b