Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Fertilization on Crop Nitrogen Uptake and Yield in Maize-Soybean Intercropping System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0352

Abstract

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of plastic film mulching on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency under intercropping, and to provide a basis for increasing yield and efficiency of dry land cultivation. A field experiment was conducted in this study. Four treatments were set: no film mulching and no fertilization (non-F+CK), no film mulching but fertilization (non-F+NP), film mulching and no fertilization (F+CK) and film mulching and fertilization (F+NP). The effects of film mulching and fertilization on the aboveground dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake and yield of maize and soybean were studied. The results showed that under fertilization, at different stages, the dry matter weight of maize and soybean under film mulching treatment were increased by 3.5%-20.3% and 24.4%-132.8% respectively, and nitrogen uptake were increased by 4.9%-51.7% and 10.6%-123.9% respectively; under no film mulching, the yield of maize and soybean was 9785.8 kg/hm² and 1087.5 kg/hm² respectively, and after mulching, the yield was increased significantly by 10.4% and 28.6%(P<0.05), respectively. Under non fertilization, film mulching increased the dry matter weight and nitrogen uptake in maize and soybean at 66 and 95 days after sowing, however, at harvest, the dry matter weight and nitrogen uptake in maize were decreased significantly by 19.3% and 25.1% (P<0.05), while those in soybean were decreased slightly with no significant difference; the yield of maize was 3102.6 kg/hm², which was significantly lower than that without film mulching by 30.4%, and the effect of film mulching on soybean yield was not significant. Film mulching increased the nitrogen use efficiency of maize and soybean in different degrees. The nitrogen apparent recovery rate and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of maize were increased by 6.9 percent point and 44.6%, respectively, and the nitrogen apparent recovery rate of soybean was increased by 6.4 percent point, the nitrogen partial factor productivity and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of soybean were increased by 28.7% and 97.0%, respectively. In summary, film mulching could promote dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and utilization in maize-soybean intercropping system and significantly increase yield on the premise of suitable soil nutrient conditions.

Key words: plastic film mulching, fertilization, intercropping, nitrogen uptake, yield

LONG Dayong, WANG Xiaoli, DUAN Jianjun, HE Jin, YANG Hongwei, XU Bin. Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Fertilization on Crop Nitrogen Uptake and Yield in Maize-Soybean Intercropping System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(12): 13-20.

Figures/Tables 11

References 43

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处理	播种后天数/d
处理	66	95	145
non-F+CK	263.79±23.88d	2641.37±276.11c	7075.70±450.87b
non-F+NP	847.84±86.56b	5595.79±657.65b	13567.25±360.11a
F+CK	389.69±4.41c	3093.33±309.28c	5708.88±257.79c
F+NP	1010.64±113.15a	6733.22±567.74a	14046.78±477.67a
方差分析
覆膜	**	*	NS
施肥	**	**	**
覆膜×施肥	NS	NS	**

处理	播种后天数/d
处理	66	95	145
non-F+CK	263.79±23.88d	2641.37±276.11c	7075.70±450.87b
non-F+NP	847.84±86.56b	5595.79±657.65b	13567.25±360.11a
F+CK	389.69±4.41c	3093.33±309.28c	5708.88±257.79c
F+NP	1010.64±113.15a	6733.22±567.74a	14046.78±477.67a
方差分析
覆膜	**	*	NS
施肥	**	**	**
覆膜×施肥	NS	NS	**

处理	播种后天数/d
处理	66	95	113
non-F+CK	493.59±28.52c	1180.22±42.42d	1887.23±44.56c
non-F+NP	1152.11±130.00b	2852.89±5.00b	2470.18±137.89b
F+CK	1038.69±97.87b	1971.81±209.17c	1794.47±145.09c
F+NP	2682.46±290.49a	3855.79±212.26a	3072.21±190.11a
方差分析
覆膜	**	**	*
施肥	**	**	**
覆膜×施肥	**	NS	**

处理	播种后天数/d
处理	66	95	113
non-F+CK	493.59±28.52c	1180.22±42.42d	1887.23±44.56c
non-F+NP	1152.11±130.00b	2852.89±5.00b	2470.18±137.89b
F+CK	1038.69±97.87b	1971.81±209.17c	1794.47±145.09c
F+NP	2682.46±290.49a	3855.79±212.26a	3072.21±190.11a
方差分析
覆膜	**	**	*
施肥	**	**	**
覆膜×施肥	**	NS	**

作物	处理	氮肥表观回收率/%	氮肥偏生产力/(kg/kg)	氮肥农学利用率/(kg/kg)
玉米	不覆膜	49.66±6.13b	65.24±5.04a	35.51±4.88b
玉米	覆膜	56.58±4.70a	72.02±3.25a	51.34±2.50a
大豆	不覆膜	17.11±3.72b	7.25±0.46b	2.33±0.55b
大豆	覆膜	23.46±2.75a	9.33±1.42a	4.59±0.89a