Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Soil Microbial Biomass in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0181

Abstract

Abstract:

The biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have significant impacts on soil ecological functions. However, previous studies had primarily focused on arid and semi-arid regions, and there were few reports on biocrusts in cold regions. By exploring the effects of biocrusts on soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, we aimed to clarify the influence and mechanism of biocrusts on soil microorganisms in farmland. The study would provide a scientific basis for land management and soil quality assessment in the black soil region of Northeast China. In this study, we used soil microorganisms as an indicator, and the biocrusts of the typical medium-thick black soils as object of study with the bare soil as control. Through field investigation combined with laboratory analysis, the effects of biocrusts on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN) and phosphorus (MBP) in the 0-2 cm (including biocrusted soil), 2-5 cm and 5-10 cm soil layers were analyzed. The results showed that the biocrusts significantly affected MBC, MBN, and MBP, the soil microbial biomass in biocrusted soil significantly higher than that of the bare soil. In the 0-2 cm soil layer, MBC, MBN, and MBP were 1.3, 1.2 and 4.5 times higher than that of bare soil, respectively; in the 2-5 cm soil layer, compared to bare soil, MBN and MBP in biocrusted soil increased by 24.0% and 59.7%, respectively, while MBC had no significant differences between the biocrusted soil and bare soil. For the 5-10 cm soil layer, MBC, MBN, and MBP in biocrusted soil were 26.4, 1.8 and 1.8 mg/kg higher than that of bare soil, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the total phosphorus, total potassium, total nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter were notably correlated with MBC, MBN, and MBP, indicating that the soil nutrients were key factors driving the changes of soil microbial biomass. In conclusion, the biocrusts in farmland soil significantly enhance the content of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus compared to bare soil. The study confirmed that the biocrusts markedly improved the fertility of farmland soil in the black soil region of Northeast China, further promoting the increases of soil microbial biomass.

Key words: black soil region of Northeast China, biological soil crusts, soil microbial biomass, farmland, soil quality

CAI Yaqi, BAO Tianli, JIAO Xiaoguang. Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Soil Microbial Biomass in Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(29): 39-45.

Figures/Tables 10

References 41

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指标	藻、藓混合盖度	扰动藻盖度	植物盖度	动物盖度
结皮土壤	69.3±0.05	21.8±0.02	1.00±0.01	1.00±0.01
裸土土壤	5.3±0.01	37.8±0.01	1.00±0.01	—

指标	藻、藓混合盖度	扰动藻盖度	植物盖度	动物盖度
结皮土壤	69.3±0.05	21.8±0.02	1.00±0.01	1.00±0.01
裸土土壤	5.3±0.01	37.8±0.01	1.00±0.01	—

处理	土层深度/cm	有机质/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	全磷/ (g/kg)	全钾/ (g/kg)	碱解氮/ (mg/kg)	速效磷/ (mg/kg)	速效钾/ (mg/kg)	pH
结皮土壤	0~2	36.92±0.06Aa	1.91±0.00Aa	0.71±0.00Aa	20.45±0.03Ba	76.35±0.01Aa	39.79±0.12Aa	217.63±0.26Aa	5.75±0.01
	2~5	35.66±0.11Ba	1.87±0.01Ba	0.70±0.00Ba	20.53±0.03Aa	73.50±0.42Ba	38.06±0.17Ba	202.46±1.42Ba	5.71±0.01
	5~10	36.43±0.02Ba	1.83±0.03Ba	0.67±0.00Ba	20.61±0.04Aa	73.57±0.25Ba	32.94±0.17Ba	177.45±0.36Ba	5.71±0.01
裸土	0~2	34.38±0.26Ab	1.73±0.02Ab	0.64±0.01Ab	20.86±0.03Ab	70.73±1.30Ab	38.87±0.90Aa	193.34±3.69Ab	5.76±0.01
	2~5	30.41±0.21Bb	1.47±0.01Bb	0.58±0.01Bb	20.59±0.01Ba	64.17±0.38Bb	32.48±0.09Bb	157.30±1.09Bb	5.90±0.01
	5~10	31.10±0.03Bb	1.57±0.01Bb	0.58±0.01Bb	20.74±0.01Bb	63.86±0.14Bb	32.05±0.18Bb	161.96±1.17Bb	5.81±0.01

处理	土层深度/cm	有机质/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	全磷/ (g/kg)	全钾/ (g/kg)	碱解氮/ (mg/kg)	速效磷/ (mg/kg)	速效钾/ (mg/kg)	pH
结皮土壤	0~2	36.92±0.06Aa	1.91±0.00Aa	0.71±0.00Aa	20.45±0.03Ba	76.35±0.01Aa	39.79±0.12Aa	217.63±0.26Aa	5.75±0.01
	2~5	35.66±0.11Ba	1.87±0.01Ba	0.70±0.00Ba	20.53±0.03Aa	73.50±0.42Ba	38.06±0.17Ba	202.46±1.42Ba	5.71±0.01
	5~10	36.43±0.02Ba	1.83±0.03Ba	0.67±0.00Ba	20.61±0.04Aa	73.57±0.25Ba	32.94±0.17Ba	177.45±0.36Ba	5.71±0.01
裸土	0~2	34.38±0.26Ab	1.73±0.02Ab	0.64±0.01Ab	20.86±0.03Ab	70.73±1.30Ab	38.87±0.90Aa	193.34±3.69Ab	5.76±0.01
	2~5	30.41±0.21Bb	1.47±0.01Bb	0.58±0.01Bb	20.59±0.01Ba	64.17±0.38Bb	32.48±0.09Bb	157.30±1.09Bb	5.90±0.01
	5~10	31.10±0.03Bb	1.57±0.01Bb	0.58±0.01Bb	20.74±0.01Bb	63.86±0.14Bb	32.05±0.18Bb	161.96±1.17Bb	5.81±0.01

处理	土层深度/ cm	颗粒组成			团聚体(平均重量直径)/ mm
处理	土层深度/ cm	黏粒(<0.002 mm)/%	粉粒(0.002~0.02 mm)/%	砂粒(0.02~2 mm)/%	团聚体(平均重量直径)/ mm
结皮土壤	0~2	26.45±1.10	35.03±0.21	38.23±0.93	0.42±0.01
	2~5	25.30±0.16	32.98±0.38	41.52±0.33	0.42±0.01
	5~10	26.87±0.51	33.84±1.17	39.29±0.89	0.42±0.01
裸土	0~2	18.18±2.70	27.88±1.81	53.94±4.51	0.66±0.07
	2~5	24.41±1.51	33.38±1.68	42.22±3.22	0.58±0.02
	5~10	23.80±0.68	30.61±0.54	45.57±1.22	0.74±0.13