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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17): 38-44.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0558

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Phenotypic Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of 18 Millet Germplasm

YE Kaimei(), CHEN Wei, REN Minggang, WU Jiali, HE Dazhi, NIU Lili()   

  1. Anshun Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anshun, Guizhou 561000
  • Received:2024-09-02 Revised:2024-11-15 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-15

Abstract:

This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of complementary parental lines in millet breeding and accelerate the breeding of new millet varieties. A total of 18 millet germplasm resources collected from various regions were investigated to explore the variation patterns of genetic diversity in phenotypic traits and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of these germplasm resources. The 18 millet germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversity. For the phenotypic traits related to yield, including main panicle length, panicle diameter, single panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, and 1000-grain weight, the coefficients of variation were all greater than 35%.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) values ranged from 2.3570 to 2.7073 with an average of 2.5793. By calculating the comprehensive value of principal component F, the F-comprehensive values of each resource ranged from 0.1630 to 2.2201. Notably, the F-comprehensive values of the locally collected resources were generally higher than those from other provinces, which may be attributed to regional adaptability. Cluster analysis successfully classified the 18 millet germplasm resources into two groups. The distribution of these groups was basically consistent with their geographical origins, and the phenotypic traits within the groups exhibited complementary advantages. The phenotypic traits of the 18 local millet germplasm resources demonstrated rich genetic diversity. Through principal component analysis, three materials with excellent comprehensive performance, namely ‘Xixiu Local Millet No. 1’, ‘Local Glutinous Millet’, and ‘Xixiu Local Millet No. 2’, were screened out. The results showed that the genetic diversity of 18 germplasm resources was rich, and the classification of groups was consistent with the geographical origin, which could provide material support for optimizing the genetic diversity of local germplasm resources.

Key words: millet germplasm resources, phenotypic traits, genetic diversity, principal component analysis, comprehensive assessment, cluster analysis