Research Progress on Floral Fragrance of Phalaenopsis spp.

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0204

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper reviews the aroma characteristics of Phalaenopsis plants. It focuses on the main components, metabolic synthesis pathways, and regulatory mechanisms related to the fragrance of Phalaenopsis. It summarizes the fragrant varieties of Phalaenopsis, the primary floral scent components, the main factors influencing the release of fragrance in Phalaenopsis, and the molecular regulatory mechanisms related to the metabolic pathways of the major fragrant components. Analysis indicates that terpenoids dominate the floral scent components of Phalaenopsis, with endogenous circadian rhythms, light signals, and temperature all affecting the release rate of floral fragrance. The terpene synthase gene (TPS) and bHLH transcription factors are identified as key genes influencing the metabolic pathways of fragrance components in Phalaenopsis. It has been noted that research on the complete metabolic pathways and molecular regulatory mechanisms of fragrance components in Phalaenopsis is lacking. Future research should focus on further exploring the key genes of fragrance components and supplementing and improving the related metabolic pathways to enhance the understanding of floral fragrance traits in Phalaenopsis.

Key words: Phalaenopsis, floral scent, components, terpenoids, linalool, biosynthesis, regulatory mechanisms

YANG Min, MA Xiaohua, HU Qingdi, FENG Lei, HU Yaping, ZHANG Xule, ZHENG Jian. Research Progress on Floral Fragrance of Phalaenopsis spp.[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(28): 40-47.

Figures/Tables 2

References 67

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品种名称	香气主要成分
贝雷娜蝴蝶兰^(P. bellina*)	芳樟醇、香叶醇^[18,22-24]
西雷利蝴蝶兰^(P. schilleriana*)	乙酸橙花酯、橙花醇、香茅醇、乙酸香茅酯^[19]
紫纹蝴蝶兰^(P. violacea*)	榄香素、芳樟醇、香叶醇^[17]
‘06-SC-29’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘06-SC-29’)	月桂烯、桧烯、罗勒烯、桉叶素、香柠檬烯、腰果烯^[25]
‘翠友美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘TsueI You Beauty’)	L-沉香醇、3,7-二甲基-1,3,7-辛三烯^[21]
‘F3’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘F3’)	α-香柑油烯、β-红没药烯、乙酸甲酯^[26]
‘诺比太平洋日落’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Nobby’s Pacific Sunset’)	香叶醇、芳樟醇、α-法尼烯^[27]
‘慈康宝石’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Tzu Chiang Balm’)	乙酸己酯、己烷-1-醇、香茅醇^[28]
‘樱桃番茄’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Cherry Tomato’)	1,8-桉叶素、γ-桂枝、乙酸己酯^[28]
‘彼得的骄傲’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Peter’s Pride’)	香桧烯、β-罗勒烯、1,8-桉叶素^[28]
‘紫蝴蝶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Purple Butterfly’)		乙酸己酯、β-罗勒烯、苯乙腈^[28]
‘橙子美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Orange Beauty’)		罗勒烯、乙酸己酯、吲哚、叶乙酸酯^[29]
‘金色萨拉兄弟’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Brother Sara Gold’)		桉叶油素、蒎烯、香桧烯^[29-31]
‘紫马丁’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Purple Martin’)		芳樟醇、芴、邻苯二甲酸二异丁、联苯^[29]
‘H026’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘H026’)		乙酸己酯、4-己烯-1-醇、乙酸酯、芴^[29]
‘SK16’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SK16’)		乙酸己酯、芴、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、叶乙酸酯^[29]
‘SX098’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SX098’)		香茅醇、乙酸己酯、芴^[29]
‘SH51’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SH51’)		桧烯、蒎烯、桉叶醇^[29]
小兰屿蝴蝶兰^(P. equestris*)		壬醛、癸醛、对二甲氧基苯、己醛^[19,24]
维奇氏蝴蝶兰(P. veitchiana)		对二甲氧基苯、癸醛、苯甲酸甲酯^[19]
安汶蝴蝶兰^(P. amaboinesis*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24,32]
‘一心维纳斯’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘I-HsinVenus’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[33]
路德曼蝴蝶兰^(P. luddemanniana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
秀美蝴蝶兰^(P. speiosa*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
苏门答腊蝴蝶兰^(P. sumatrana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
盾花蝴蝶兰^(P. tetraspis*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
康宁蝴蝶兰^(P. corningianna*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
羞花蝴蝶兰^(P. modesta*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
多脉蝴蝶兰^(P. venosa*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
华西蝴蝶兰^(P. wilsonii*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
横纹蝴蝶兰^(P. fasciata*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
象形文字蝴蝶兰^(P. hieroglyphica*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
象耳蝴蝶兰^(P. gigantea*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
斯塔基蝴蝶兰^(P. stuartiana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
美花蝴蝶兰^(P. pulchra*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
瑞氏蝴蝶兰^(P. reichenbachiana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
爪哇蝴蝶兰^(P. javanica*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
玛利亚蝴蝶兰^(P. mariae*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
‘壮丽安娜’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Sogo Anna’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘彩霞’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Caixia’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘新黄金’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Xinhuangjin’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘金色三色’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Gold Tris’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[31]
‘黄香’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Yellow Scent’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[31]
‘黄金甲’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Gold Amor’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘紫水晶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Amethvst’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘富乐夕阳’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Fuller Sunset’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘玉玲珑’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Jade Linglong’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘粉嘟嘟’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pink Dodo’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘粉水晶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pink Crystal’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘甜美粉红’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Sweet Pinky’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[35]
‘粉红美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pinky Beauty’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[36]

品种名称	香气主要成分
贝雷娜蝴蝶兰^(P. bellina*)	芳樟醇、香叶醇^[18,22-24]
西雷利蝴蝶兰^(P. schilleriana*)	乙酸橙花酯、橙花醇、香茅醇、乙酸香茅酯^[19]
紫纹蝴蝶兰^(P. violacea*)	榄香素、芳樟醇、香叶醇^[17]
‘06-SC-29’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘06-SC-29’)	月桂烯、桧烯、罗勒烯、桉叶素、香柠檬烯、腰果烯^[25]
‘翠友美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘TsueI You Beauty’)	L-沉香醇、3,7-二甲基-1,3,7-辛三烯^[21]
‘F3’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘F3’)	α-香柑油烯、β-红没药烯、乙酸甲酯^[26]
‘诺比太平洋日落’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Nobby’s Pacific Sunset’)	香叶醇、芳樟醇、α-法尼烯^[27]
‘慈康宝石’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Tzu Chiang Balm’)	乙酸己酯、己烷-1-醇、香茅醇^[28]
‘樱桃番茄’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Cherry Tomato’)	1,8-桉叶素、γ-桂枝、乙酸己酯^[28]
‘彼得的骄傲’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Peter’s Pride’)	香桧烯、β-罗勒烯、1,8-桉叶素^[28]
‘紫蝴蝶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Purple Butterfly’)		乙酸己酯、β-罗勒烯、苯乙腈^[28]
‘橙子美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Orange Beauty’)		罗勒烯、乙酸己酯、吲哚、叶乙酸酯^[29]
‘金色萨拉兄弟’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Brother Sara Gold’)		桉叶油素、蒎烯、香桧烯^[29-31]
‘紫马丁’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Purple Martin’)		芳樟醇、芴、邻苯二甲酸二异丁、联苯^[29]
‘H026’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘H026’)		乙酸己酯、4-己烯-1-醇、乙酸酯、芴^[29]
‘SK16’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SK16’)		乙酸己酯、芴、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、叶乙酸酯^[29]
‘SX098’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SX098’)		香茅醇、乙酸己酯、芴^[29]
‘SH51’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘SH51’)		桧烯、蒎烯、桉叶醇^[29]
小兰屿蝴蝶兰^(P. equestris*)		壬醛、癸醛、对二甲氧基苯、己醛^[19,24]
维奇氏蝴蝶兰(P. veitchiana)		对二甲氧基苯、癸醛、苯甲酸甲酯^[19]
安汶蝴蝶兰^(P. amaboinesis*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24,32]
‘一心维纳斯’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘I-HsinVenus’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[33]
路德曼蝴蝶兰^(P. luddemanniana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
秀美蝴蝶兰^(P. speiosa*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
苏门答腊蝴蝶兰^(P. sumatrana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
盾花蝴蝶兰^(P. tetraspis*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
康宁蝴蝶兰^(P. corningianna*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
羞花蝴蝶兰^(P. modesta*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
多脉蝴蝶兰^(P. venosa*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
华西蝴蝶兰^(P. wilsonii*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
横纹蝴蝶兰^(P. fasciata*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
象形文字蝴蝶兰^(P. hieroglyphica*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
象耳蝴蝶兰^(P. gigantea*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
斯塔基蝴蝶兰^(P. stuartiana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
美花蝴蝶兰^(P. pulchra*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
瑞氏蝴蝶兰^(P. reichenbachiana*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
爪哇蝴蝶兰^(P. javanica*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
玛利亚蝴蝶兰^(P. mariae*)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[24]
‘壮丽安娜’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Sogo Anna’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘彩霞’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Caixia’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘新黄金’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Xinhuangjin’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[30]
‘金色三色’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Gold Tris’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[31]
‘黄香’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Yellow Scent’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[31]
‘黄金甲’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Gold Amor’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘紫水晶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Amethvst’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘富乐夕阳’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Fuller Sunset’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘玉玲珑’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Jade Linglong’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘粉嘟嘟’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pink Dodo’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘粉水晶’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pink Crystal’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[34]
‘甜美粉红’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Sweet Pinky’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[35]
‘粉红美人’蝴蝶兰(P. ‘Pinky Beauty’)		花香主要成分尚不明确^[36]

种类		常见物质
萜类	单萜(C10)	芳樟醇(linalool)、香叶醇(geraniol)、柠檬烯(limonene)、香桧烯(sabinene)、桉叶素(eucalyptol)、桉叶醇(eugenol)、橙花醇(nerol)、香茅醇(citronellol)、罗勒烯(ocimene)、月桂烯(myrcene)、腰果烯(cascarillene)、β-顺式-罗勒烯(β-cis-ocimene)
萜类	倍半萜(C15)	α-香柑油烯(α-bisabolene)、β-红没药烯(β-caryophyllene)、β-榄香烯(β-elemene)
苯丙酸/苯环类化合物		苯乙醛(phenylacetaldehyde)、苯甲酸甲酯(methyl benzoate)、吲哚(indole)、芴(fluorene)、联苯(biphenyl)、对二甲氧基苯(p-dimethoxybenzene)
脂肪酸及其衍生物		乙酸甲酯(methyl acetate)、乙酸己酯(hexyl acetate)、己烷-1-醇(hexane-1-ol)、壬醛(aldehyde C-9)、癸醛(capraldehyde)、己醛(hexanal)、叶乙酸酯(leaf acetate)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(isopropyl myristate)

种类		常见物质
萜类	单萜(C10)	芳樟醇(linalool)、香叶醇(geraniol)、柠檬烯(limonene)、香桧烯(sabinene)、桉叶素(eucalyptol)、桉叶醇(eugenol)、橙花醇(nerol)、香茅醇(citronellol)、罗勒烯(ocimene)、月桂烯(myrcene)、腰果烯(cascarillene)、β-顺式-罗勒烯(β-cis-ocimene)
萜类	倍半萜(C15)	α-香柑油烯(α-bisabolene)、β-红没药烯(β-caryophyllene)、β-榄香烯(β-elemene)
苯丙酸/苯环类化合物		苯乙醛(phenylacetaldehyde)、苯甲酸甲酯(methyl benzoate)、吲哚(indole)、芴(fluorene)、联苯(biphenyl)、对二甲氧基苯(p-dimethoxybenzene)
脂肪酸及其衍生物		乙酸甲酯(methyl acetate)、乙酸己酯(hexyl acetate)、己烷-1-醇(hexane-1-ol)、壬醛(aldehyde C-9)、癸醛(capraldehyde)、己醛(hexanal)、叶乙酸酯(leaf acetate)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(isopropyl myristate)