Study on Responses of Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis In Yunnan Province to Altitude and Climatic Factors

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0619

Abstract

Abstract:

By investigating the effects of different altitudes and climatic factors on the yield and quality of Angelica sinensis in Yunnan province, this study provides a scientific basis for the precise selection of cultivation areas for A. sinensis in Zhaotong City. Using A. sinensis seedlings as experimental materials, three experimental bases with distinct geographical and climatic environments were established. After transplantation and harvesting, the influences of altitude, temperature, precipitation, and light on yield and the content of extract, volatile oil, ferulic acid were analyzed. The results showed that within the ecological regions suitable for cultivating A. sinensis in Zhaotong City, altitude and precipitation showed significant positive correlations with yield and the content of extract, volatile oil, ferulic acid, while temperature exhibited significant negative correlations with those indexes. Light had significant negative correlations with yield and extract content but showed no significant correlations with the content of volatile oil and ferulic acid. Principal component analysis revealed that the comprehensive yield and quality ranking from high to low was: S3 > S2 > S1. OPLS and variable importance in projection analysis indicated that the comprehensive yield and quality was significantly negatively correlated with temperature, significantly positively correlated with altitude and precipitation, and weakly negatively correlated with light. The influence intensity of environmental factors on the comprehensive yield and quality was: temperature > altitude > precipitation > light, with temperature and altitude being the dominant factors. In conclusion, the altitude and climatic factors in different regions of Zhaotong City have a significant impact on the yield and quality of A. sinensis. The higher altitude areas in the northern and central parts of Zhaotong City are more suitable for the production of A. sinensis, while in the southern part, higher altitude areas should be selected with attention to drought management and sun shading.

Key words: Angelica sinensis in Yunnan province, the yield and quality, altitude, climatic factor

CLC Number:

S567.2

MA Yongpeng, LIU Yuanjian, LONG Yunxing, QUAN Shenchun, YUE Kai, GAO Chaowen, PAN Zengrong, WANG Xi. Study on Responses of Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis In Yunnan Province to Altitude and Climatic Factors[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(8): 30-37.

Figures/Tables 8

References 27

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编号	位置	经纬度	相对地理气候特点
S1	昭通市昭阳区永丰镇绿荫村	27°16'20”N, 103°40'22”E	低海拔、高温、干旱、高光照
S2	昭通市大关县靖安镇碧海村	27°37'41”N, 103°42'36”E	中海拔、低温、湿润、低光照
S3	昭通市昭阳区盘河镇冷家坪村	27°34'14”N, 103°50'15”E	高海拔、中温、湿润、中光照

编号	位置	经纬度	相对地理气候特点
S1	昭通市昭阳区永丰镇绿荫村	27°16'20”N, 103°40'22”E	低海拔、高温、干旱、高光照
S2	昭通市大关县靖安镇碧海村	27°37'41”N, 103°42'36”E	中海拔、低温、湿润、低光照
S3	昭通市昭阳区盘河镇冷家坪村	27°34'14”N, 103°50'15”E	高海拔、中温、湿润、中光照

环境变量	变量编号	S1	S2	S3
平均气温/℃	X₁	13.3	12.07	12.22
平均高温/℃	X₂	18.97	16.46	17.11
平均低温/℃	X₃	9.11	8.68	8.57
7月平均气温/℃	X₄	20.43	20.30	20.06
5—11月平均高温/℃	X₅	21.90	20.27	20.60
5—11月平均低温/℃	X₆	13.12	12.92	12.77
5—11月高温(≥25℃)天数/d	X₇	14.13	7.42	7.5
5—11月低温(≤10℃)天数/d	X₈	22.75	26.29	26.58
≥10℃积温/(℃·d)	X₉	4255.63	3806.60	3903.49
平均相对湿度/%	X₁₀	72.77	82.37	79.68
年降水量/mm	X₁₁	1026.25	1414.32	1319.51
年日照时数/h	X₁₂	2107	1857	1993
日均地表水平辐射/(W/m²)	X₁₃	3979.63	3586.08	3795.95
海拔/m	X₁₄	1909	2338	2922

环境变量	变量编号	S1	S2	S3
平均气温/℃	X₁	13.3	12.07	12.22
平均高温/℃	X₂	18.97	16.46	17.11
平均低温/℃	X₃	9.11	8.68	8.57
7月平均气温/℃	X₄	20.43	20.30	20.06
5—11月平均高温/℃	X₅	21.90	20.27	20.60
5—11月平均低温/℃	X₆	13.12	12.92	12.77
5—11月高温(≥25℃)天数/d	X₇	14.13	7.42	7.5
5—11月低温(≤10℃)天数/d	X₈	22.75	26.29	26.58
≥10℃积温/(℃·d)	X₉	4255.63	3806.60	3903.49
平均相对湿度/%	X₁₀	72.77	82.37	79.68
年降水量/mm	X₁₁	1026.25	1414.32	1319.51
年日照时数/h	X₁₂	2107	1857	1993
日均地表水平辐射/(W/m²)	X₁₃	3979.63	3586.08	3795.95
海拔/m	X₁₄	1909	2338	2922

成分	特征值	方差贡献率/%	累积方差贡献率/%	Y₁	Y₂	Y₃	Y₄
1	3.908	97.691	97.691	0.498	0.502	0.496	0.504
2	0.056	1.397	99.087	-0.587	-0.032	0.792	-0.167
3	0.029	0.736	99.823	0.610	-0.626	0.357	-0.330
4	0.007	0.177	100.000	0.189	0.596	0.000	-0.781