Breeding of a New Dual-purpose Sweet Potato Variety ‘Pushu 25’ with High Quality for Fresh-eating and Starch Production

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0060

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to breed new sweet potato varieties suitable for both fresh consumption and starch processing, and to provide fine variety support for promoting the industry development of sweet potato in Fujian. ‘Pushu 12’, a high-quality starch-type sweet potato cultivar was selected as female parent for open-pollinated hybridization. After the primary selection of seedlings and lines, a re-selection test, a comparison test, and a regional test in Fujian were conducted to evaluate the adaptability and the disease resistance identification. ‘Pushu 25’ was bred and registered in 2024 under China’s National Variety Registration System for Non-major Crops. The storage root of ‘Pushu 25’ was spindle-shaped with red skin and yellow flesh. In the Fujian Provincial Regional Trials conducted over two consecutive years (2021-2022), the yields of fresh tubers and dried tubers were 31138.09 and 8968.48 kg/hm², respectively, which were 5.11 and 0.14 lower than those of ‘Guangshu 87’ (CK). The starch yield was 5830.02 kg/hm², 1.82% higher than CK. The dry matter rate was 29.14%, which was 1.6% higher than that of CK, and the processing potential was outstanding. In terms of sensory quality, the appearance and taste scores were 81.79 and 82.69, respectively, which were 1.79 and 2.69 points higher than those of CK, significantly improving the value of fresh food. The stability analysis showed that ‘Pushu 25’ was superior to the CK cultivar in both productivity and stability for fresh tuber, dried tuber, and starch yields. The results of disease resistance identification showed that this variety was resistant to stem rot but susceptible to sweet potato wilt. Overall, ‘Pushu 25’ exhibited excellent comprehensive traits and can be used for both fresh consumption and starch processing in non-bacterial-wilt areas of Fujian.

Key words: sweet potato, ‘Pushu 25’, variety breeding, starch processing, fresh-eating

CLC Number:

S531

CUI Jichao, WU Xiaoxia, ZHONG Yuyang, HUANG Yitong, TANG Chaofan, HONG Dingkai, ZHENG Jianyang. Breeding of a New Dual-purpose Sweet Potato Variety ‘Pushu 25’ with High Quality for Fresh-eating and Starch Production[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(19): 23-29.

Figures/Tables 9

References 28

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病情级别	发病程度	抗病程度	代号	病情指数(DI)
0	无病	高抗	HR	DI≤20.00
1	地上部生长正常，茎基部维管束变褐≤5 cm	抗	R	20.00<DI≤40.00
3	地上部生长基本正常，茎基部维管束变褐在5 cm以上但不超过植株长度的1/3	中抗	MR	40.00<DI≤60.00
5	茎基部叶片变黄，茎基部维管束变褐大于植株长度的1/3但不超过2/3	中感	MS	60.00<DI≤80.00
7	植株大部分枯黄，茎维管束变褐扩展及顶芽	感	S	80.00<DI≤90.00
9	全株枯死	高感	HS	90.00<DI≤100.0

病情级别	发病程度	抗病程度	代号	病情指数(DI)
0	无病	高抗	HR	DI≤20.00
1	地上部生长正常，茎基部维管束变褐≤5 cm	抗	R	20.00<DI≤40.00
3	地上部生长基本正常，茎基部维管束变褐在5 cm以上但不超过植株长度的1/3	中抗	MR	40.00<DI≤60.00
5	茎基部叶片变黄，茎基部维管束变褐大于植株长度的1/3但不超过2/3	中感	MS	60.00<DI≤80.00
7	植株大部分枯黄，茎维管束变褐扩展及顶芽	感	S	80.00<DI≤90.00
9	全株枯死	高感	HS	90.00<DI≤100.0

病情级别	发病程度	抗病程度	代号	病情指数(DI)
0	目测无症状	高抗	HR	0
1	地下茎维管束变褐，薯块无受害状	高抗	HR	0<DI≤5.00
3	茎维管束变褐扩展至地上部，薯块受害体积≤5%	抗病	R	5.00<DI≤20.00
5	茎维管束变褐扩展至地上部，5%<薯块受害体积≤25%	中抗	MR	20.00<DI≤50.00
7	拐头腐烂少结薯，薯块受害体积大于25%	感病	S	50.00<DI≤80.00
9	植株枯死或拐头腐烂不结薯	高感	HS	80.00<DI≤100.00

病情级别	发病程度	抗病程度	代号	病情指数(DI)
0	目测无症状	高抗	HR	0
1	地下茎维管束变褐，薯块无受害状	高抗	HR	0<DI≤5.00
3	茎维管束变褐扩展至地上部，薯块受害体积≤5%	抗病	R	5.00<DI≤20.00
5	茎维管束变褐扩展至地上部，5%<薯块受害体积≤25%	中抗	MR	20.00<DI≤50.00
7	拐头腐烂少结薯，薯块受害体积大于25%	感病	S	50.00<DI≤80.00
9	植株枯死或拐头腐烂不结薯	高感	HS	80.00<DI≤100.00

年份	试点	干物率		淀粉率
年份	试点	莆薯25	广薯87	莆薯25	广薯87
2021	龙岩	28.55	27.85	18.48	17.87
	宁德	31.95	31.90	21.43	21.39
	三明	31.86	27.36	21.35	17.44
	福州	32.01	27.26	21.49	17.36
	莆田	26.19	28.94	16.43	18.82
	泉州	32.80	28.40	22.17	18.35
	南安	23.47	25.33	14.06	15.68
	平均	29.55aA	28.15aA	19.35aA	18.13aA
2022	龙岩	27.43	27.40	17.51	17.48
	宁德	30.67	28.95	20.32	18.82
	三明	29.21	24.99	19.05	15.38
	福州	28.78	28.02	18.68	18.02
	莆田	26.71	25.07	16.88	15.45
	泉州	31.50	28.50	21.04	18.43
	南安	27.87	27.80	17.88	17.82
	南平	28.07	25.33	18.06	15.68
	平均	28.78aA	27.01bA	18.68aA	17.14bA
2年平均		29.14aA	27.54bA	18.99aA	17.60bA