Abstract: In order to study the changes of hemorheological characteristics in hyperlipidemia golden hamster, fourteen hamsters were randomly divided into two groups. The control group was fed with standard laboratory chow, the hyperlipidemia group was fed with high-fat diet. Ten weeks later, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocytic hemorheological indexes, erythrocytic electrophoretic mobility, membrane fluidity were detected. The liver was stained with oil red O. The results showed that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity increased significantly, erythrocytic deformation index, integrated deformation index, orientation index, erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility and membrane fluidity decreased significantly. The rise of plasma lipid can conspicuously influence hemorheological and erythrocyte microrheological characteristics in hyperlipidemia golden hamster.