Current issue

• 2008 Vol.24 No.9 Published:05 September 2008

  畜牧兽医科学

  The Effect of Atractylodes Macrocephala on the Tension of Isolated Intestines in Chook Cheng Huichang, Huo Jun, Gao Chunsheng 2008, 24 (9):  1-3.  Abstract + ( 1416 )   PDF ( 409037KB )   ( 936 ) The research aimed to discuss the effect of atractylodes macrocephala on the tension of isolated jejunum and caecum of chook. Adopting the experiment of isolated apparatus, put the jejunum and caecum of chook in the magnus’ bath with physiological solution, then add the vary dosage decoction of atractylodes macrocephala, make the concentration as 3.75, 7.50, 15.00, 22.50mg/ml, observing and noting the tension change of the isolated intestine. The decoction of atractylodes macrocephala could accelerated the movement of unstriped muscle of chook’s jejunum, enhanced the shrink and diastole tension, aggrandized the contract swing, the more the dosage added the more the effect reinforced. The decoction had marked restrain effect on the self-discipline contract movement of caecum, reduced the tension and contract swing of intestines, added the more decoction, the restrain effect made more evident. Atractylodes macrocephala could enhance the tension of isolated jejunum in chook; restrain the tension of caecum, the effect along with the dosage added.

  Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of Porcine Mannan-binding Lectin A Gene Yao Xin, Liu Yufen, Tang Gaoxia, Liu Hongyu 2008, 24 (9):  4-8.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 587978KB )   ( 882 ) Total RNA was extracted from liver cells of landrace, pMBL-A gene was amplified by RT-PCR. It was cloned to pMD18-T vector, then the mannan-binding lectin A gene of landrace was obtained. It was subcloned to pPROEXHTb vector for expression, recombinant expression plasmid was constructed. The recombinant expression plasmid was transformed into E.coli and was induced to express recombinant protein of pMBL-A. The expressed protein was identified by SDS-PAGE. The cDNA of pMBL-A gene was successfully cloned, its full-length was 875bp including the whole ORF. Recombination protein was pronuleus expressed, it provides affordance for the research of genetic character of the gene and genetic breeding of pigs.

  Studies of Hemorheological Changes in Hyperlipidemia Golden Hamster He Liang, Li Rui, Deng Xuming 2008, 24 (9):  9-12.  Abstract + ( 1312 )   PDF ( 540002KB )   ( 895 ) In order to study the changes of hemorheological characteristics in hyperlipidemia golden hamster, fourteen hamsters were randomly divided into two groups. The control group was fed with standard laboratory chow, the hyperlipidemia group was fed with high-fat diet. Ten weeks later, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocytic hemorheological indexes, erythrocytic electrophoretic mobility, membrane fluidity were detected. The liver was stained with oil red O. The results showed that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity increased significantly, erythrocytic deformation index, integrated deformation index, orientation index, erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility and membrane fluidity decreased significantly. The rise of plasma lipid can conspicuously influence hemorheological and erythrocyte microrheological characteristics in hyperlipidemia golden hamster.

  Studies on four Feedstuffs’AME and Digestibility in Poultry Nie Xinzhi, , Lin Qingqing, Ruan Zhen 2008, 24 (9):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1742 )   PDF ( 571308KB )   ( 1236 ) The objective of the experiment was to determine nutrient value of corn, wheat, brown rice and cassava, and compare the ability of chickens and ducks to nutrition of the feedstuffs. According to 4×4 Latin square design, four Sanhuang Chicken, Hainan Chicken, Beijing Duck and Hainan Duck were used respectively. The results showed: The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) of corn in birds was highest, the AME of cassava in birds was lowest. The difference of AME in corn、brown rice and wheat were not significant (p>0.05). The difference of AME in Hainan Chicken and Hainan Duck between corn and cassava were significant (p≤0.05). The difference of AME in Sanhuang Chicken and Beijing Duck between corn and cassava were very significant(P≤0.01). The birds’ digestibility of crude fat and protein in corn was highest, there were no significant between corn and brown rice (p>0.05), and the difference was significant between corn and cassava (p≤0.05). The digestibility of crude fibre in brown rice in Hainan Chicken、Beijing Duck and Hainan Duck were highest, the difference between corn was significant (p≤0.05). But the difference between corn and cassava was not significant (P>0.05). There were no significant difference between chickens and ducks in AME and digestibility of four determined feedstuffs (P>0.05).

  Yeast Protein to Replace Imported Fish Meal Weaned Piglets Performance of the Test Report Wang Xuebing, Cui Baoan, Wei Zhanyong, Yang Mingfan 2008, 24 (9):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   PDF ( 551693KB )   ( 823 ) This test will be weaned 60 of the 28-day-old health and weight similar (7.63μ0.52kg) of goods grew up dual hybrid piglets by weight, sex, were divided into five groups. That is, the control group and four test group, which controls imports of fish meal with the original formula group, 1, 2, 3, 4 were used for the test group’s Shandong Jining-production of bio-engineering activity of yeast protein flour substitute 25%, 50 %, 75% and 100% of the imports of fish meal, of a total test four weeks. Add yeast on different levels of protein powder on weaning performance of piglets. The results showed that: Weaned piglets effect of yeast protein replace imported fish meal after no significant changes in the original add fish meal imports after the piglets weaned from 0 to four weeks, the average intake and average daily gain, feeding effective. The comprehensive test indicators, yeast protein powder to 50~75 percent of imported fish meal replacement, added to the diet of piglets weaned piglets performance marked role in promoting and feed costs decline.

  Effect of Lectine on Producing Piglet Performance of Sow Liu Yuzhi, Wang Genyu 2008, 24 (9):  22-24.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   PDF ( 384004KB )   ( 1230 ) In the experiment effect of lectine on lactating sow was studied, in order to provide theoretical help for lectine used in lactating sow. Effect of different supplemental level of lectine on lactating sow were studied.The results as follows: All of the adding groups increased the cote weight of piglet of laecating sow both at 20 days old and 28 days old (p<0.05), and increased the lactation of laecating sow at 20 days old (p<0.05). Only the group of adding 4% lectine + 4% oil decreased the weigh lose of laecating sow (p<0.05) and decreased the interval from weaning to oestrus (p<0.05), the survival rate of adding groups was higher than that of control group.

  The Effect on Chimeric Embryo Construction from Fibroblasts and Early Embryos about Mouse Embryoid Body Cao Hongguo, Li Yunsheng, Qu Xiuxia, Deng Hongkui 2008, 24 (9):  25-30.  Abstract + ( 1209 )   PDF ( 672917KB )   ( 767 ) Chimeric embryos from mouse embryos and human fibroblasts were constructed. The fibroblasts from adult foreskin were isolated, cultured and transfected EGFP with lentivirus vectors, and then chimeric embryos were constructed with mouse embryos and fibroblasts. The results showed that human fibroblasts efficiently expressed EGFP after transfected with lentivirus vectors. 38.08 % chimeric embryos were constructed successfully with mouse embryos and EGFP fibroblasts which were from embryoid bodies of mouse embryonic stem cells and EGFP fibroblasts. EGFP fibroblasts were taken part in different ingredient of chimeric embryos. Under the circumstance of embryonic stem cell isolation and culture, EGFP fibroblasts in 1.74 % chimeric embryos became the member of inner cell masses on feeder cells. Human fibroblasts can become chimeric embryos with mouse embryos by the microenvironment of mouse embryoid bodies.

  Effects of Temperature and Feed Composition on the Growth and Development of Martianus dermestoides Chevrolat Li Xiaocan, Yu Jia, Chi Defu, Tang Jianying 2008, 24 (9):  31-35.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 673345KB )   ( 1109 ) Martianus dermestoides Chevrolat were known as Jiu longchong, which is an important medicinal and feedstuff insects. Study on its suitable growing environment and artificial diets are the keys to achieve its large scale breeding of Martianus dermestoides Chevrolat. In this paper, under constant or changing temperature conditions, those indicators such as the larvae and adult morphology, active degree, feeding habits, growth cycle, reproduction and growth dynamics were observed on those M. dermestoides Chevrolat feeding on different artificial diets. Results showed that among those two factors which were temperature and artificial diets, artificial diets have the most significant influence on the development of M. dermestoides Chevrolat. Using grain as feedstuff could shorten the reproductive cycle of M. dermestoides Chevrolat, advance their sexual maturity time, make the interval of two times spawning shorter, and let them finish laying all their eggs in a relatively shorter time. Study also found that M. dermestoides Chevrolat breeding in warm and humid environment were more active. Different stages of M. dermestoides Chevrolat living in cold and dry conditions growing slowly and development been delayed.

  农业生物技术科学

  Analyzing the Relation among Some Characters of B.napus Based on MATLAB Yang Ning, , Li Jianguo 2008, 24 (9):  36-38.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 323969KB )   ( 1088 ) Analyzed the relation among some characters of B.napus based on MATLAB, according to the yield character, the sequence of the characters importance was: leaves on main stem>the diameter of root collar>the height of plant>the yield of each plant＞green leaves on main stem>effectively primary branches>secondary branches>corniform pods on each plant>grains on each pod＞the 1000-seed weight, the former 8 characters was extreme significantly correlated with the yield, except for the grains on each pod and the 1000-seed weight. I hope that it can provide theory and practice instruction in B.napus cultivation by them.

  The Research Progress on Transgenic Maize via Agrobacterium Li Qingwei, Yuan Anyou, Zheng Haitao, Zhao Tanfang 2008, 24 (9):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1840 )   PDF ( 548832KB )   ( 974 ) This paper focuses on transgenic maize research progress, sums up the problems in the current study. The research methods and impact of transgenic effects of the various factors on transgenic maize by domestic and foreign scholars were aggregated. It is focused on the method of transgenic maize via Agrobacterium in the role and the corresponding improvement method.

  Effect of Subculture Cycle on Kinetics of Suspension Cultures of Protocorm-like Bodies from Dendrobium huoshanense Wei Ming, Yang Chaoying, Jing Shaotong, Luo Jianping 2008, 24 (9):  43-47.  Abstract + ( 1750 )   PDF ( 610397KB )   ( 868 ) To solve the problem of low growth rate and metabolism level in suspension cultures of protocorm-like bodies from Dendrobium huoshanense. Protocorm-like bodies on different periods (20, 30, 40, 50d) were cultured individually. The uptake of carbohydrate, nitrogen and phosphate from the medium and intracellular reductive sugar, nitrogen and phosphate were investigated. The growth rate of protocorm-like bodies and the accumulation of polysaccharide were analyzed too during the whole growth period. Cell age of 20~40 days was suitable for the cell cultures because favorable growth and the accumulation of polysaccharide were maintained. The cell age of 30 days was the best，which uptook carbohydrate, nitrate and phosphate faster than that of the others. The specific growth rate was the biggest and it was 0.043. The biomass and production of polysaccharides were the highest on day 36, reaching 470.0 g/L and 1.92 g/L, respectively. The cell age of 30 days was beneficial to the cell growth and the accumulation of polysaccharides.

  The Study on Cultivating Rhizoma Gastrodiae through Regulating Temperature Difference of Altitude Yu Changjun, Wang Shaobai, Cao Bin 2008, 24 (9):  48-53.  Abstract + ( 1639 )   PDF ( 717499KB )   ( 882 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Through regultating temperature difference of altitude, Gastrodiae can be cultivated in a feasible and economical way. 【METHODS】According to the Temperature Theory of the cultivation of Gastrodiae, researches on regulating the temperature difference of altitude were conducted, by observing and calculating the corresponding ground temperature of air temperature at different altitude levels. 【RESULTS】The most effective way of Gastrodiae cultivation in Yichang is to set up breeding plantation at the altitude of 1000m, hybriding area at 100m, seed multiplication farm at 500m and GAP base for commercial gastrodiea at above 800m. In this way, the cultivating period of sexual seed tubers was shortened by 12 months and 12 months was saved for the cultivation for commercial tubers both with good quality and high yield. Besides, two novel hybrid species- Er No 1 and No 2 Gastrodiae were obtained by conforming the florescence of G. elata Bl. f. elata and G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow.【CONCLUSION】 Regulating the temperature difference of altitude is an efficacious and economical way of cultivating Rhizoma Gastrodiae.

  Screening Microsatellite Primers and their Application for Individual Identification in Faecal DNA from Procapra praprzewalskii Hong Yanyun, , Li Diqiang, Yi Tuyong, Zhang Yuguang, Liu Yi 2008, 24 (9):  54-58.  Abstract + ( 1594 )   PDF ( 588033KB )   ( 1160 ) To protect Procapra praprzewalskii appointed as CR (Critically Endangered), twenty pairs of microsatellite primers from Granti’s gazelle and sheep separately were used to screen microsatellite locus in faecal DNA from Procapra praprzewalskii, eight polymorphism loci was found. The PCR amplified products of microsatellite loci were detected y non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gene heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC) and effective number of allele (Ne) from the eight loci were calculated by allele numbers and allelic frequency. The heterozygosity (He) ranged from0.71 to 0.84, the average was 0.78; the PIC were from 0.79 to 0.66, their average was 0.73; and Ne were from 3.40 to 6.08, the average was 5.98;which showed the eight microsatellite loci had high or medium polymorphism in the Procapra raprzewalskii and had high genetic diversity. So the 8 loci were use to identify Individual, the result was 35 individuals from 39 faecal samples from Procapra praprzewalskii.

  Advance in the Study on Biosensors Detection of the Main Pathogens Zhang Yanling, Huang Junsheng 2008, 24 (9):  59-62.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 566355KB )   ( 1102 ) Biosensor is an emerging area of technology research projects and hot field in nowadays. This paper reviews the development of biological sensors, top of the current major and detection of pathogenic microorganisms technical summary. Through the various technical summary of the proposed biosensor technology applications idea, discussion on the trend of development of biological sensors.

  The Breeding and Research Use about Nuclear Infertility Series Fulong S2 Which is Quality Low-temperature Sensitive Rice Lan Huaxiong 2008, 24 (9):  63-68.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 799852KB )   ( 901 ) In order to breed the nuclear infertility series which is quality low-temperature sensitive rice，use only one pair of recessive genes sterile "Tianfeng S-2" for infertility gene donor; and basic nutritional quality of rice which is Intermediate materials Longyou2 to receptor gene for infertility; and the choice of law of hybrid + ecological pressure system bred nuclear infertility series Fulong S2 of low-temperature sensitive rice which has these features: development as the basic characteristics of nutrition, infertility threshold temperature no higher than 23 ℃, good composite characters, dominant growth period, blast resistant is MR, with dispatch, outcrossing solid rate, fan can be good and so on. And it goes through the identification of the technical achievement of Fujian Province in November 2006. They have summed up a set of convenient, fast, efficient program to breed nuclear infertility series Fulong S2 which is low-temperature sensitive rice. The author briefly discusses the after breeding fertility, performance characteristics of Fulong S2 and its prospect.

  Genetic Analysis of the Restore Mechanism for K-cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize Lu Liangfeng 2008, 24 (9):  69-71.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 372617KB )   ( 731 ) This research chose three F2 population of K-cytoplamic male sterile hybrids with high restorative characteristic, one F2 population of Chemical Hybridization Agent(CHA), one F3 family of K-cytoplasmic sterile hybrid with high restorative characteristic and one normal hybrid population as sample to study the restorative mechanism of K-cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat. Taking self-fruitful rate as the criterion and segregating population of field survey as method, we got the result that the ratio of fertile plants and sterile plants in the three F2 population of K-cytoplasmic male sterile hybrid accords with 63:1 tested by Chi-square, therefore we can infer that the restorative mechanism of K-cytoplasmic male sterile line was controlled by three different major genes, which manifested as sporophore sterility.

  Study Progress in Development of EST (expressed sequence tags) Chen Quanqiu, Zhan Xianjin, Lan Jiayang, Huang Yun 2008, 24 (9):  72-77.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 664122KB )   ( 1310 ) The plant EST (expressed sequence tags) program is one of the most important parts which compose the plant genome program. The expansion of EST data base is foundation of development of EST markers. In this paper, the development of five EST markers (EST-SSR, EST-PCR, EST-SNP, EST-AFLP, and EST-RFLP). Some problem exit in the development of EST markers is also discussed.

  食品科学

  Effect of CA Storage on Post-harvest Physiology and Accumulation of Hazardous Substances of Dongzao Jujube Fruit Wang Liang, Zhao Yingli, Zhang Xiaoyu, Li Jianhua, Wang Chunsheng 2008, 24 (9):  78-83.  Abstract + ( 1764 )   PDF ( 649048KB )   ( 876 ) In order to provide basic theory for the optimal CA storage conditions and methods for Dongzao jujube, the post-harvest physiology characteristics were probed. With test material of Dongzao jujube from north Shandong province, effect of different CA indexes on accumulation of hazardous substances such as ethanol and acetaldehyde in fruits of Dongzao jujube was studied. The results showed that appropriate low level of O2 was able to restrict lowering of pulp hardness, maintain completeness of cell membrane and lessen loss of Vc, simultaneously, it did not cause large accumulation of ethanol and acetaldehyde in pulp, suspending consenescence of fruits. CO2 in storing condition was able to accelerate anaerobic respiration of fruits, expedite accumulation of ethanol and acetaldehyde in fruits, strengthen harm to pulp, damage completeness of cell membrane aggravate loss of Vc and speed up course of softening and consenescence of fruits. The research showed that the CA index of 2%O2+0%CO2 was the most beneficial to storage of Dongzao Jujube.

  New Research Progress of Toxicity of Aristolochic Acid in Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiang Guizhong, Chen Ling 2008, 24 (9):  84-87.  Abstract + ( 1285 )   PDF ( 485379KB )   ( 985 ) Some traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) containing aristolochic acids (AA) will cause Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN), and this phenomenon has being paid important attention. This paper reviewed TCMs containing aristolochic acids, the toxicity of aristolochic acids, the pathogenesis and reasons for aristolochic acid nephropathy.

  Determination of 7 Metal Elements in Castanea molissima Blume by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry（FAAS） Chen Hanzhen, 2008, 24 (9):  88-90.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 437217KB )   ( 610 ) The method to decompose sample under dry condition the determination of K, Cu, Zn, Fe、Mn, Cd and Pb in Castanea molissima Blume by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.(FAAS) In this paper, the parameters in FAAS were studied. The elements in Castanea molissima Blume did not interfere whit each other under the given experimental condition.so the authors can examine the seven elements in the same preparation solution. The analytical results of K, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn were 546.36、8.41、22.38、255.42、161.65μg／ml，Cd and Pb were not found in the samples. The results showed that the recovery of standard addition was 93.9%~103.0%,and the relative standard deviation (n=8) was1.2%~2.2%. The method is simple fast, simple and convenient. The results were satisfactory.

  Preliminary Report of Production Trial on the New Tobacco Variety of Qianxi-1 Wang Bang, Wang Yuchuan, Yuan Youbo, Qiu Ping, Pen Hong, Yao Jing 2008, 24 (9):  91-93.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 399928KB )   ( 883 ) A new tobacco line "QianXi-1" was breeding from the variant plants of K326. It was tested in QianXi County, 2007. The variety of characters botany, economics traits, appearance quality and the inherent quality were studied. The results showed that the new line had good adaptability, favored fertile soil, and was easy to cure, resistant to black shank and granuville wilt，while it had higher leaf yield production value and ratio of the high and middle class leaf than tobacco variety of K326.

  The Impact Factors, Methods and Mechanism of the Tenderization in Animal Skeletal Muscle Wang Xiaohua, Cao Kai, Gan Quan,Gu Dahai, Huang Qichao 2008, 24 (9):  94-98.  Abstract + ( 1795 )   PDF ( 652324KB )   ( 1206 ) The tenderness is main palatability of meat and index used to judge the meat quality. It is complex process that the muscle change to meat. It is key link to improve the quality of meat (especially tenderness) what the tender treatment and late maturity of postmortem animal skeletal muscle. This paper describes the impact factors of tenderization (previous-and post-mortem) and the Mechanism of tenderization (organic acids, electrical stimulation, salts, enzyme, ultrasonic, high pressure and stretch) in postmortem animal skeletal muscle.

  Analysis of Characteristic of Agro-food and Agro-food Market in China Feng Zhongze, Li Qingjiang, Ren Aisheng 2008, 24 (9):  99-104.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 800558KB )   ( 1779 ) At present, China is attaching more and more importance to the building of market access system. In order to explore the proper modality of China’s market access system, this paper studied the characteristics and information supply and demand of the agro-food, and analyzed the pattern of the agro-food’s trading in China theoretically and positively. Meanwhile, the general situation of China’s agro-food and its market were also discussed. It gave the attributes of agro-food about consumption time limitation and agro-food market about diversity and low systematization, etc. Finally, several policy recommendations were made in terms of the regulation of agro-food quality & safety market access.

  农业基础科学

  The Effect of ‘two-prolonged one-low’ curing Mode on the Quality of Cutters and Upper Leaves of Flue cured Tobacco Jiang Duzhong, Cheng Qingsong, Yuan Fang 2008, 24 (9):  105-108.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 418662KB )   ( 663 ) This trial was carried out to seek after the curing craft of middle-upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco, and to improve curing quality of the leaves. The result indicated that, It takes longer time over curing on 42℃and 54℃ with ‘wo-prolonged one-low’ curing mode than with conventionality curing mode. The activity of various enzymes in tobacco leaves is sustaining high and is on behalf of degradation of big molecule matter. Chemic elements of cured tobacco are comparatively harmony, reducing sugar content is relatively high, and starch content is low. Appearance quality of cured leaves is improved evidently with no cyan vein by and large. The classy cutters rate is increased by 13.34 percentage，and mean price increased by 0.46yuan/kg.The classy upper leaf rate is increased by 21.33 percentage，and mean price increased by 0.85 Yuan/kg. However，the cost of expended energy is increased appreciably with “two-prolonged one-low” curing mode.

  Analysis of Combining Ability and Heterosis for 8 Tropical, Subtropical Maize Populations Zhang Qianjin, Zhang Xin, Wang Zhenhua, Wei Xin 2008, 24 (9):  109-113.  Abstract + ( 1597 )   PDF ( 453500KB )   ( 812 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Pob45,Pob46,Pob501,Pob502,Pool33,Pool34,Pob25 and Suwan1,8 tropical,subtropical maize populations were crossed to analyze their combining ability and heterosis. 【METHOD】Five domestic maize inbreds (Chang7-2,Zheng22,Ye478,Qi319 and Mo17) used as tester by NCⅡ mating design. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the efficiency value of GCA (general combining abality) for Pob25 and Pob502 was higher. Five heterotic patterns have been obtained from the efficiency value of GCA、special combining ability (SCA) and total combining ability (TCA), 【CONCLUSION】Five heteritic patterns have been obtained from this study, they are Tangsipingtou×Pob501, Tangsipingtou×Pob25, Reid×Pob25, Tangsipingtou×Suwan1，Ludahonggu×Pob502.

  Studies on the Effect of Different Irrigation Patterns on the Microbes in Paddy Soil Wang Qiuju, Li Mingxian, Zhao Hongliang, Chi Liyong 2008, 24 (9):  114-116.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 386414KB )   ( 920 ) The test uses a single-factor repeat tests to study the effect of different irrigation patterns on the microbes in paddy soil. The result shows that the number of microbe is different under different irrigation condition. the number of Anaerobic bacteria under Flooding conditions is higher than other irrigation patterns, aerobic bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and the total of paddy fields soil microorganisms is the highest under shallow, wet, dry intermittent irrigation condition, which is due to the reason that soil moisture is suitable for the growth of microorganisms under this irrigation patterns.

  Effect of Physiological Mechanism on the Cellulose Synthesis During Secondary Wall Thickening Zhang Wenjing, , Zhou Zhiguo 2008, 24 (9):  117-121.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   PDF ( 668893KB )   ( 1180 ) Based on the current research results of physiological and biochemical reactions in cotton fiber cell during fiber development and the formation mechanism of cotton fiber strength, this paper reviewed the current status on substance change, related and regulated enzymes (cellulose synthases, sucrose synthase, β-1,3-Glucan synthase, β-1,3-Glucanase, IAA oxidase and peroxidase) and influencing factors (genotype, temperature and hormone) for cellulose synthesis during secondary wall thickening which is the key period to cotton fiber strength formation. This paper may serve as the basis for improving the ways of physiological adjusting of fiber quality and cultivating new excellent breeds of high fiber strength.

  Effects of Nitrogen Application Strategies on Population Structure and Grain Yield of the Weak-gluten Wheat Ningmai 9 Huang Yanshuai, Fan Yuanbin, Li Bingsheng, Dai Xuewen, Zhang Hongcheng, Xu Ke 2008, 24 (9):  122-126.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 582602KB )   ( 710 ) The study is to provide scientific base for fine quality and high yield of weak-gluten wheat with proper application of nitrogen fertilizer. It employed weak-gluten Ningmai 9 to study the effects of nitrogen dressing ratios on its population structure and grain yield. The results indicated that the grain yield, the spike rate, the max leaf area index (LAI), biomass at maturity and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation showed conic relation with nitrogen rates on the jointing stage. The spike number, the spike rate, the max LAI, biomass at maturity and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation were significantly correlated with the grain yield. The optimal nitrogen application scheme in weak-gluten wheat Ningmai 9 with the grain yield of over 6100kg/hm2 was on the condition of the 225kg/hm2 nitrogen application, the 6:4 and 5:5 dressing ratios and topdressing during the jointing stage. This population was an efficient one and its quality indexes were more equitable. The corresponding indexes were 477~486×104/hm2 of spike number, 48.6~48.9% of spike rate, 6.92~7.08 of the max LAI, 14460~15330kg/hm2 biomass at maturity and 4455~4515kg/hm2 of post-anthesis dry matter accumulation.

  The Variation of Resistance to Pink Mite among Tea Germplasm and Screening of High-resistant and Excellent Landraces from Wuyishan Region in Fujian Yao Mingzhe, Guo Huawei, Wang Xinchao, Xiao Qiang, Chen Liang 2008, 24 (9):  127-131.  Abstract + ( 1701 )   PDF ( 657305KB )   ( 746 ) A. theae Watt, Germplasm, resistance, tea plants

  Comparisons of Physical Properties of Several Peat as Growing Mediums Luan Yaning, Sun Xiangyang, Liu Kelin, Du Linfeng, Chen Jianwu 2008, 24 (9):  137-140.  Abstract + ( 1853 )   PDF ( 535459KB )   ( 1319 ) A comparative study of the physical properties of domestic and foreign peat as growing mediums was carried out. The test items include color, structure, bulk weight, total porosity,void ratio,and saturated water content, etc. The results show that the Chinese peat has an appearance of instability with few soil and other impurities. Compared with the import peat, the Chinese peat has a higher bulk density and decomposition degree, and a lower total porosity and water absorption. There is a significant difference between Chinese and Canadian peat. The water absorption and permeability of import peat added the vermiculite and active component is higher than that of import pure peat and domestic peat.

  Application of Grey Relational Analysis in the Overall Evaluation of Flue-cured Tobacco Lines Jiao Fangchan, Yu Haiqin, Lu Xiuping 2008, 24 (9):  141-144.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   PDF ( 382602KB )   ( 641 ) In order to provide a reference for the selection and breeding, Seven index of main characters of 11 Flue-cured Tobacco lines were analyzed and evaluated by the way of the grey relational grade. The results indicated that comprehensive performance of the lines 2002005-8 and 2002004-11 were the best, eight lines of all lines were better than K326. The results of equal weight correlation degree and weighted correlation degree were the identical and coincided with actual performance of the lines. 8 lines had more considerably preponderance and could be tested further.

  Analysis on Combining Ability and Genetic Potential of Sweet Population with High Quality and Resist Adversity Li Gaoke, Hu Jianguang, Liu Jianhua, Qi Xitao 2008, 24 (9):  145-149.  Abstract + ( 1642 )   PDF ( 573868KB )   ( 726 ) In order to utilize the new sweet corn population sufficiently and accelerate the course of breeding. According to incomplete diallelcross，2 core inbreds choosed as testers,75 plant lines hybridized with the testers, 150 combinations achieved. Analysis on the combining ability and genetic potential of the population through combinations identifying、the evaluating and identifying of plant lines’ edible quality and fastness etc. the results showed that 36 plant lines of the population had positive GCA, in the same time, the proportion of plant lines which had good GCA approached or excessed 50% on the correlative traits of yield、merchandise traits and agricultural traits. Combining the performance of themselves, we choosed 9 eminent plant lines and achieved 8 excellent combinations according as the result of combinations identying. The result showed that the population had abundant favorable genes and genetic variance according to the performance of plant lines’ combining ability and population itself, thereby the population had good utilizing potential.

  The Analysis and Evaluation of Spring Millet Varieties in Northwest of China Regional Trial with Nonparametric Statistics Guo Hongliang, Guo Erhu, Li Jianzhi, Chang Haixia, Zheng Xiangyang, Wang Guoping, Wang Gaohong 2008, 24 (9):  150-155.  Abstract + ( 1704 )   PDF ( 602875KB )   ( 558 ) To provide scientific evidence for varietal verify, distribution and application, the data of 2006 spring millet varieties in middle to late maturity group in northwest regional trial of china were studied by means of nonparametric statistics methods. The results indicated as the following:(1) Changnong 36 and Chang 0301 are two high-yield group, the frequency value of P i (%) and P’i(%) of the varieties, which yields is lower and prominent lower than them, were 71.4, 71.4 and 70.1, 68.8 respectively.(2) The stabilization of yield hasn’t prominent difference. (3) The prominent difference frequency Dj reach 90% in most regions, and some regions reach 100%. This result indicated that the distinguish of varieties difference in diverse regions is high.

  林业科学

  Studies on Eco-Physiological Characteristics of Photosynthetic of Diurnal Variation of Robinia pseudoacacia Song Qingan, , Tong Fangping, , Yi Aiqin, , Zou Liwei，Li Gui 2008, 24 (9):  156-160.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   PDF ( 565330KB )   ( 834 ) 刺槐；光合特性；日变化；净光合速率；光合有效辐射；气孔导度；蒸腾速率

  The Information Management of Forest Resources in Mengda Natural Reserve Area Based on GIS Kang Guosheng, Li Qiangfeng 2008, 24 (9):  161-164.  Abstract + ( 1627 )   PDF ( 428680KB )   ( 989 ) t is more popular that GIS was used in forest management. In this article, Qinghai Xunhua nature preservation zone was selected as the experiment site, Mapinfo 7.0 was used to make the forest map ,the forest distribution map and the forest resource database was established. Then forest cumulation mapping were finished. It made the inquiry, updateing and management of forest resource convenient, quick and direct-viewing.

  Preliminary Study on Natural Regeneration Mechanism of H. ammodendron Forest in Minqin Desert Area Li Fajiang, Sun Dexiang, Chang Zhaofeng, 2008, 24 (9):  165-170.  Abstract + ( 1656 )   PDF ( 737467KB )   ( 862 )

  Application of Forecast Model between Forest Fuel Moisture and Meteorological Factors for Forest Fire Danger Forecast Gao Yonggang, Zhang Guangying, Gu Hong, Zhou Erbin 2008, 24 (9):  171-175.  Abstract + ( 1770 )   PDF ( 624494KB )   ( 897 ) The forest fuel moisture is one of the main indexes for the forest fire danger forecast. Based on daily meteorological data, forest fire danger frequency data and forest fuel moisture data, meteorological data were derived from 5 meteorological stations of Yichun forest zone in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2005, Forest fire danger frequency data were derived from Yichun forest zone forestry fireproofing headquarters from 1961 to 2005, forest fuel moisture data were derived from Wuying forestry meteorological trial station in Heilongjiang Province from 1991 to 2005, with statistical regress method, the forecast model was built between forest fuel moisture and meteorological factors, the simulated values of the model could be used by the model of forest fire danger weather index. The results show that the simulated effect of the forest fuel moisture model was better, the application effects of the forest fire danger weather index model were improved by the forecast model of forest fuel moisture, the values of forest fire danger weather index were compartmentalized into forest fire danger grade application index in Yichun forest zone of Heilongjiang Province. The forest fuel moisture model may take the place of shortage for the observed data, and accelerate the application level for the forest fire danger grade forecast.

  Study of International Competitiveness of China’s Furniture Industry Wang Bo, Zhang Chunxia, Dai Yongwu 2008, 24 (9):  176-182.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 877761KB )   ( 1071 ) China has become the world’s furniture production and export of power. Evaluation of its international competitiveness and analysis of the factors are of great significance for upgrading it. The author comparatively analyzed the international competitiveness of furniture industry among Canada, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, United States and China in view of competitiveness indexes including advantage minus index, market share, trade competitiveness and revealed comparative advantage which are calculated by data from Comtrade during between 1992 and 2006. We have conclusion that the international competitiveness of China’s furniture industry has much stronger status in the world. By using Michael Porter’s "Diamond model", the key factors affecting China’s furniture industry international competitiveness are analysized in-depth. The proposals of enhancing the competitiveness are put forward, such as pioneering foreign timber markets, accelerating forest demonstration and paying close attention to innovation, thus realizing the sustainable development of China’s furniture industry.

  农艺科学

  Effect of Different Seed Soaking Time on Germinative Energy and Germinative Percentage of Rice Seed Qian Chunrong, Wang Junhe, Feng Yanjiang, Wang Qi, Yu Yang, Gong Xiujie 2008, 24 (9):  183-185.  Abstract + ( 1910 )   PDF ( 298125KB )   ( 1327 ) Eleven rice cultivars and three different seed soaking time (24h, 120h and 168h) were used to investigate the effect of different seed soaking time on germinative energy and germinative percentage of rice seed. The results showed that there were significant difference in germinative energy and germinative percentage of different rice cultivars, seed soaking time had no significant effect on germinative energy but had significant effect on germinative percentage of rice seed, and it was disadvantaged to seed germinate that seed soaking time was too short or long. Seed soaking for 5d was advantage for germinates in this study.

  Genetic Dissection of Flag Leave Angle and Main Panicle Yield Trais in Rice Zhang Keqin, , Dai Weimin, , Fan Yeyang, Shen Bo, Zheng Kangle 2008, 24 (9):  186-192.  Abstract + ( 2361 )   PDF ( 699361KB )   ( 900 ) High rice yield was contributed by ideal rice architecture greatly, and flag leave angle was one of the most important components of the ideal rice architecture, which effects rice yield gaining. With the advance of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS), finding and using quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning flag leave angle and other yield traits would contribute to high yield gaining drastically. A linkage map consisting of 256 DNA markers were constructed by using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the indica-indica rice cross Zhenshan 97B×Milyang 46. QTL conditioning flag leave angle (FLA) and other four grain yield traits were determined at the one-locus level. Seventeen QTL were detected to have significant additive effects for these traits. General contributions to the phenotypic variance were between 3.46%~25.64%. QTL conditioning the all five traits were detected on chromosome 1,of which two were for FLA; each QTL were detected on chromosome 2、3、9、10and 11,respectively; three QTL for FLA、total number of spikelets per panicle (TNSP) and number of filled grain per panicle (NFGP) respectively were detected on chromosome 5; one QTL for NFGP and two QTL for grain weight per panicle (GWP) were detected on chromosome 6.Correlation analysis revealed that flag leave angle increased grain yield by increasing spikelet fertility.

  Studies on High-yield Growth of Hybrid Rice Variety Jingfu 1 You 527 Duan Binli, Lin Qiang 2008, 24 (9):  193-196.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 439186KB )   ( 720 ) To improve yield of Jingfu 1 You 527 and get higher yield, We studied how the different factors (the planting density, nitrogen application rates, phosphate application rates and Potassium Application Rate of hybrid rice) change the yield of Jingfu 1 You 527 by 4 factors 3 level orthogonality design in Sanming City of Fujian Province in 2007. The results indicate that 217.4 thousand seedlings, 150 kilograms nitrogen, 90 kilograms phosphate fertilizer and 150 kilograms potash fertilizer per hectare is good for high yield production, and it reached the significant different level compared with the other treats. The high yield cultural strategy of Jingfu 1 You 527 is rational close planting and the good control of the number of basic seedling. Generally, with about 217.4 thousand plants per hectare of basic seeding for the middle fertility fields is reasonable. For example, arranging a close planting specification of 20 cm×23 cm and planting about 1-2 seeding per norm is reasonable. Rational application of N and P fertilizers can achieve larger panicle as well as the order of higher yield. With application of 150kg per hectare for pure N and P fertilizers respectively the yield level can achieve about 7.72 ton per hectare. At the meantime, the combined application of potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer is also vital to achieve higher yield.

  Experimental Studies on the Characters of Overseas Sugarcane Varieties Pan Shiming, Wu Shuijin, Li Ruimei, Zhang Shuhe, Li Haiming, Lin Yixin 2008, 24 (9):  197-199.  Abstract + ( 1616 )   PDF ( 352769KB )   ( 779 ) The 7 overseas sugarcane varieties were test in ZhangZhou Fujian Province, the result indicated that 7 overseas sugarcane varieties had good germination and tilling rate with tall plant height. Compared with ROC16, MEX105, LCP85-384 and HoCP92-648 had best Performance in cane yield and sucrose content, these varieties should be considered into the regional trial, propagation and demonstration. HoCP91-556 had better Performance in cane yield, but sucrose content was lower, the others had common Performance in cane yield and sucrose content, these varieties need to be further test to determine their utilized value.

  High Density Implantation of Amorphophallus Bulbifer Xu Wenguo, Huang Tingxiang, Zhang Guoyun, Zeng Weiqin, Chen Zhixiong, Bao Huiying, Zhang Hongfang 2008, 24 (9):  200-202.  Abstract + ( 1642 )   PDF ( 387262KB )   ( 765 ) The experiment focus on the high density implantation of the Amorphophallus Bulbifer seed pieces in four different sizes, weighed in 100g, 150g, 200g and 280g. The result showed that with 60 seedlings in the zone, the 150g samples gain the biggest expansion rate and the highest input& output ratio, namely 5.7and 3.6; and 36 seedlings in the size of 200g hit the top in 6.5and 3.8; as to the types of 100g and 280g, the two criterions are correspondily low.

  Watering Factor on Yield and Quality of the Glutenous Wheat Ma Xianghua, Zhou Qiufeng, Wang Baolin, Zhao Jianguo 2008, 24 (9):  203-205.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 391211KB )   ( 828 ) To make high-quality wheat supporting the cultivation, give full play to the characteristics of fine varieties, improve the quality of goods, achieve the high yield and high efficiency .Research the effect of different watering period and the number on the yield and quality of glutenous wheat, the results showed: Watering times and period is directly related to the wheat yield and quality ,with the decrease of watering times, yield showed a downward trend, watering 5 times in Whole growth period, wheat yield is highest (7593.0kg/hm2), and it is lowest(7353.0 kg/hm2) with no watering in Wheat jointing period .watering 5 times in Whole growth period, Grain protein content (13.4%) and wet gluten content (33.6%) is minimum, Flour stability time is shortest (8.7 min) ,watering 2 times (Jointing, grouting) in whole growth period, protein content (16.3%) and wet gluten content (35.5%), stability time (9.6min) and so on, these comprehensive quality indicators are better. Research shows that: the wheat yield is significantly reduce with no watering in jointing period, watering wheat in Maturity wax preiod, protein content, wet gluten content and stability time decreased obviously. The wheat yield and quality can take into account with watering 3 times (winter water, drawing water, filling water)or 2 times (drawing water, filling water).To achieve the purpose of high-yield and high quality.

  Comparison Test of Early Mature Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties Lu Xiuping, Xiao Bingguang, Zhang Yihan, Yu Haiqin 2008, 24 (9):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 417888KB )   ( 1096 ) Comparison test was conducted in Yuxi Yunnan with 6 early mature flue-cured tobacco varieties and K326 as the check, the objective of the test is screen tobacco varieties suitable for growing in Yunnan. By investigating the growing periods and the natural disease incidence in the field and analyzing the yield and the output, the results showed that among the 6 early mature varieties, 8902 and Islangold had the same growth period with the check, the nature of early mature did not showed up, while the other 4 varieties were 5~10d shorter in their growing periods, PVH19 showed pronounced early mature character and it was 10d earlier in growth period than the ck variety K326, Longjiang911 Xuandongqu and PVH19 had lower natural disease incidence in the field and better multiple disease resistance; Longjiang 911 and PVH19 had higher yields and output value than that of the ck; ratio of the grade A cured leaf of all the tested varieties were lower than that of the ck except PVH19 which was close to the ck. In summary of all the important characteristics of these varieties performed, the best was PVH19 followed by Longjiang91, the two varieties could be chosen for pilot growing in Yunnan tobacco area.

  Study on High-yield Integrated Agronomic Measures of Qian-bitter-buckwheat 2 Planted in Spring Ma Jun, Ruan Peijun, Cheng Guoyao, Mao Chun, Zhao Mingyong, Cai Fei 2008, 24 (9):  210-213.  Abstract + ( 1430 )   PDF ( 445559KB )   ( 864 ) Using quadratic regression universal rotary combination design, we studied relations between grain yield of Qian-bitter-buckwheat 2 which was planted in spring and four main agronomic measures（seeding rate, N-application rate , P2O5-application rate and K2O-application rate）.Mathematics model was set up by experiment．By simulating the model and simulation-optimization analysis，we put forward cultivation techniques programme（buckwheat grain yield≥2800kg/hm2）: seeding rate is 67.14~74.39 kg/hm2, N-application rate is 28.88~40.12kg/hm2, P2O5-application rate is 179.11~210.89kg/hm2, K2O-application rate is 43.94~61.06 kg/hm2. The results showed that the effect on grain yield is：seeding rate＞K2O-application rate＞P2O5-application rate＞N-application rate.

  Effect of Fertilization Factor on the Yield and Quality of Glutenous Wheat Ma Xianghua, Zhou Qiufeng, Wang Haolin, Zhao Jianguo 2008, 24 (9):  214-216.  Abstract + ( 1780 )   PDF ( 348230KB )   ( 802 ) The research on effect of variant fertilizer application stage and the interation on the yield and quality of glutenous wheat. The result showed: in condition of the same amount fertilizer application, differente fertilizing stage has a more effect on the yield and quality of wheat. The yield reached highest (7708.5kg/hm2 )with top dressing N, P, K application at jointing stage and lowest(7434.0kg/hm2)with all basals at only one stage, the range between them is 274.5 kg/hm2.Top dressing N, NP, NPK, NK application at the jointing stage has little effecs on wheat quality and it is best with top dressing N, P, K application at jointing stage but worest with all basals at only one stage, the range between them of rough protein content, wet gluten, development time and stability time is 1.6%, 1.5%, 0.7min, 1.9min. In order to improve wheat yield and quality, we must use systematic cultivation techniques for glutenous wheat.

  Effect of Water Stress on Main Characters and Yield in Sweet Corn Cultivars Li Yuliang, Zheng Jinrong, Hu Jianguang, Liu Xiaojin, Liu Jianhua 2008, 24 (9):  217-221.  Abstract + ( 1515 )   PDF ( 552179KB )   ( 848 ) Using a planstic rain shelter to keep off precipitation, the relation of main characters and yield of sweet corn cultivars was conducted under different water stress treatments by controlled irrigation. The results showed that drought tolerance coefficients of plant height，stalk diameter，the interval of anthesis and silking (ASI), ear diameter, number of per spike and 1000-grain weight can be used indexs of drought tolerance identification of sweet corn under light water stress，while area of ear leaf, ASI, ear diameter, number of per spike, grain yield rate and 1000-grain weight determined on drought tolerance coefficient of yield under mild water stress. Drought tolerance coefficients of ASI, ear diameter, number of per spike and 1000-grain weight were a set of important indexs for drought tolerance identification of sweet corn cultivars under different water stress. In addition, plant morphological characters such as the plant height, stalk diameter and area of ear leaf, also related with drought tolerance of sweet corn.

  Character and Application of New Two-line Medium Indica Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice Liangyou 6326 with Fine Quality and Super-high-yielding Cao Xinguo, Hu Feng, Wang Meiqin, Tang Xiaoma 2008, 24 (9):  222-225.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 533664KB )   ( 738 ) The aim was to popularize the New Two-line Medium Indica Hybrid Rice Liangyou 6326 with fine quality and super-high-yielding. The breeding procedures of the hybrid and its parents, yield performance, the characteristics and major cultivation and seed production techniques of Liangyou 6326 were introduced. Liangyou 6326, developed by the Agricultural Research Institute of Xuancheng, Anhui, is a new indica two-line hybrid rice combination derived from the cross of Xuan 69S, a PTGMS line with fine quality, and Zhongxian Wh26, an aromatic medium indica restorer line with good plant type, japonica genetic background and fine quality．It has the characteristics of suitable maturity, fine grain quality, aromatic cooked rice, super-high-yielding and medium resistance to bacterial leaf blight. It was examined and approved in Anhui and nationwide, respectively during March 2004 and November 2007. Liangyou 6326 showed excellent on various aspects and its cultivation techniques regulations should be abided in planting. It was certified and released to commercial production with an accumulated area of 450 thousand hm2 in China during 2002-2007. Liangyou 6326 is suitable to be planted as the fine-quality medium indica rice in southern China.

  Breeding and High-yield Culture Technique of New Maize Cultivar Jidan 618 Jiao Renhai, Sun Faming, Xu Yanrong, Ren Jun, Hou Zongyun, Liu Xing’er 2008, 24 (9):  226-228.  Abstract + ( 1654 )   PDF ( 395565KB )   ( 864 ) Jidan 618 is developed by Maize Research Institute; Jilin Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences , belong to middle and late single cross hybrid, in January 2008 by the Committee of Jilin Province Maize Cultivar examine and approve. The variety has the characteristics of compact plant type, canopy structure reasonable, from 2005 to 2007 in Jilin Province preparation, regional and production tests, The varieties with high starch, high yield, stable yield, high-quality, multi-resistant and wide adaptability, and other characteristics, average yield in more than 10400 kg/hm2 , hybrid grow period for 128 days, need≥10℃ to accumulate 2720 ℃, it was adjust to planted in Northeast China for spring corn area.

  Studies on Cultivation Techniques of Hybrid Sorghum Lu Nuo 8 with Glutinous Zhao Ganlin, Ding Guoxiang, Xiong Hong 2008, 24 (9):  229-232.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   PDF ( 510617KB )   ( 891 ) We studied cultivation techniques of hybrid sorghum Lu Nuo 8 with glutinous, The results as follows: Lu Nuo 8 will got high yield that was sowed the first ten days in April in southeast with wheat field only for sorghum, was sowed the first ten days in March in southeast with blank field or the field with wheat/corn for wheat/sorghum, and translated at 6 leaf with 25~30 days old, 90000~120000 plants per hm2, and used 150~187.5kg N per hm2, Lu Nuo 8 hope to get good grain yield for ratoon sorghum, 150~225kg N per hm2 was used 10~15days before first crop cut, and the stem was cut above two nodes when the first crop was harvested. Then 150kg N per hm2 will be used after 5 days first crop was harvested.

  植物生理科学

  Effect on Maturity Leaf Tissue and the Content of Chlorophyl of Flue-cured Tobacco under Different Nitrogen Forms Xu Guanghui, Xiong Shuping, Wang Lu, Li Chunming, Ma Xinming 2008, 24 (9):  233-236.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 447007KB )   ( 884 ) In order to understand the changes of flue-cured tobacco leaf tissue structure and mature leaf chlorophyll content under different forms of nitrogen situation with pot experiment, the changes of leaf’s tissue and the content of chlorophyll of flue-cured was studied during the period of maturation under the different nitrogen forms. The result indicated that: The flue-cured tobacco that under different nitrogen form treating, the leaf thickness, the thickness of upper epidermis, the mesophyll organization increased with the increase of maturity degree, and each processing is various different in its range of fall in mature period. In suitable ripe stage，the leaf thickness of NH4+-N 50%＋NO3--N 50%（T1）is moderate and advantage to bake and improve the quality of tobacco. In different mature period, the leaf chlorophyll content in P<0.05 under three different nitrogen forms was significant different with each other. The content of chlorophyll all was decreased with the increase of maturity degree under three nitrogen forms. The range of fall fell bigger at the time from decides as long ripe to as at the beginning of in the ripe and from the beginning of in the ripe to the suitable ripe. Such primary results were raised to satisfy the production of high-quality tobacco leaves.

  Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Four Varieties of Alnus. cremastogyne Burk under Simulated Light Condition Zhou Xiaoling, , Xu Qingqian, Dong Chunying, Yu Wu, Wang Xujun 2008, 24 (9):  237-242.  Abstract + ( 1249 )   PDF ( 713509KB )   ( 649 ) In order to explore the response to light of different varieties of A. cremastogyne Burk to provide theoretical basis for introduction and extending theirs cultivation area, the photosynthetic characteristics of four varieties, namely, H1, H12, J5 and J10, were studied in this paper. The results showed as follows: (1) four varieties had rather lower light compensation point (LCP)( 3.16~50.61μmol/<m-2·s-1>) and rather higher light saturation point(LSP)(＞800μmol/<m-2·s-1>), and both of the two indexes’order were J10＞H12＞J5＞H1, which indicated that four varieties could adapt many types of light condition, and H12 and J10 had rather stronger ability to make use of strong light, and theirs growth rate was higher than that of H1 and J5, while the latter had rather stronger ability to utilize weak light; (2) Theirs apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) ranged from 0.0303 mol/mol to 0.0495mol/mol, which basically accorded to conventional AQE under natural condition. (3) The main eco-physiological factors affecting photosynthetic rate (Pn) were stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and light intensity, and Pn of J5 and J10 were also affected greatly by CO2R; However, Pn of H1 and H12 were obvious affected by Tleaf and Vpdl.

  Study on Physiological Characteristics of Two Maize Inbreds in Ageing Course Cheng Xinxin, Geng Guanghan, Liu Zheng 2008, 24 (9):  243-247.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 569349KB )   ( 730 ) To learn the vigor and physiological characteristics of maize in ageing course ,Seeds of two maize inbred T6 and inbred NT6621 were used in their artificial ageing course .The result showed : the germination index and dehydrogenase activity of these materials reduced gradually after been treated with prolong of aging disposal under the no air conditions of high temperature(45±1℃) and high humidity relative humidity 100 percent),but the MDA content increased as the seeds aging treating time extension. eletrophretic of esterase experiment，The esterase activity of NT6621 and T6 were reduced after aging 24 hours .So the esterase activity was reduced with the aging.

  Nitric Oxide is Involved in Salicylic Acid Induced-Antioxidant Defense under Salt Stress in Wheat Seedling Roots Feng Feng, Wang Yupeng, , Zhang Zhen, Zhou Shoubiao 2008, 24 (9):  248-252.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 591338KB )   ( 899 ) In the present study, both Salicylic (SA) acid and nitric oxide (NO) were proven as signaling molecules in regulating a serial of physiological processes in plants. Using pharmacological and biochemical approaches, we evaluated the protective effect of exogenous salicylic acid against salt-induced oxidative damage in the roots of wheat seedling. Plants exposed to salt (150mmol/L NaCl) exhibited the significant increase of lipid peroxidation as well as the inhibition of root growth. However, SA (100μmol/L) supplementation to NaCl (150mmol/L) treated plants effectively not only reduced the lipid peroxidation and partially increased the root growth, but also activated anti-oxidant enzyme, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), activities.guaiocol peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), which was also mimicked by the application of the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Further analyses showed that the above ameliorating effects of SA were specific and related to NO, because the specific scavenger of NO 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt (cPTIO) differentially blocked the above effects. Additionally, SA was able to mimic the effect of SNP by strongly increasing NO release in the roots after daily treatment. Taken together, above results suggest that SA might confer an increased tolerance to salinity stress by enhancing antioxidant defense in wheat seedling roots, which were partially mediated by NO signal.

  Study on Physiology of Resist Salt of Atriplex Canescens Lei Junjie, Zhao Qi, Chen Xingwu, Gao Wenwei, Nie Xinhui, Sai Lihan 2008, 24 (9):  253-259.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 689139KB )   ( 867 ) Xinjiang is the biggest desert and salt area in China, where the plants are considered as the important plant resources. In lots of plants， which varieties can adapt, how are the capability，which problems influence on improving Xinjiang′s ecological environments﹑using resources of varieties﹑developping economy. Ten topical plants are choosed in drought and half-drought areas, which are induced by different concentration NaCl solution, in which Atriplex canescens grows normally after inducing by 2.1% NaCl solution and returning by water. Ten topical plants resisting drought in Xinjiang are induced by PEG6000.Ten plants′content of praline﹑TTC﹑MDA﹑soluble sugar﹑soluble protein﹑SOD﹑POD are identified before and after inducing, changes are compared.The results show: Atriplex canescens is the best plant resisting salt in above topical plants.

  Research Progress of Fungal Elicitation on Growth and Secondary Metabolite Production of Plant Cultures Zhang Ruifen, Li Peiqin, Zhou Ligang 2008, 24 (9):  260-264.  Abstract + ( 1682 )   PDF ( 568503KB )   ( 1090 ) Fungal elicitors are a group of chemicals including fungal organisms, filtrate concentrate, extracts of mycelia and filtrate, soluble components of fungal mycelia with high temperature treatment, hydrolytic products of cell walls, peptides and proteins. They could stimulate plant cell multiplication and secondary metabolite production. Effects of fungal elicitors on plant cultures’ growth and secondary metabolite biosynthesis were briefly reviewed. The future potential application of the fungal elicitors in plant cell culture for secondary metabolite production was also prospected.

  土壤肥料科学

  Effects of Different Water-retaining Measure for Moisture of Tobacco-Cultivated Soil and Tobacco Leaf Quality Huang Gang, Wang Fapeng, Ding Fuzhang, Li Jixin, Yuan Youbo 2008, 24 (9):  265-268.  Abstract + ( 1426 )   PDF ( 448350KB )   ( 791 ) In order to find better measures for flue-cured tobacco cultivation in arid areas. Experiment was carried out in tobacco’s field to compare effect of polythene mulch, straw mulch and straw manuring on soil moisture, flue-cured tobacco growth and leaf quality. The results showed that both treatments increased soil water contents during the drought season by decreasing water evaporation, but the polythene mulching showed better water-saving effect an the early plant growth stage and the straw mulching showed better effect after fast growing stage. Both mulching methods could promote the growth and development of tobacco plant, of which the polythene mulching was more advantageous at early plant growth stage and the straw mulching or straw manuring showed better effect after fast growing stage. The straw mulching could increase the yield and production value significantly, the production value respectively over a straw mannuring, CK and polythene mulch increase of 7.5%, 18.2% and 37.6%. The straw mulch had a obvious effect on water-saving and leaf quality increasing which was worth using in large drought areas.

  Effects of City Sludge on Rape Growth Pot Culture Condition Wang Qiang, Guo Bin, Zhang Chang’ai, Bian Wenfan 2008, 24 (9):  269-272.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   PDF ( 481089KB )   ( 851 ) In order to validate the effects of city sludge on rape growth, a pot culture experiment was conducted. The results of the trial indicated that rape fresh weight and root weight have been enhanced markedly by applied city sludge, applied city sludge was beneficial to optimize rape R/S; and rape uptake of N,P,K were increased by applied city sludge.

  The Relationship of the Application of Controlled-release Fertilizer and the into Red Ice Paddy Qin Daozhu, Li Dongchu, Xu Minggang, Shen Huaping, Huang Pingna, Park Hungwe 2008, 24 (9):  273-276.  Abstract + ( 1509 )   PDF ( 541370KB )   ( 854 ) Under the research of nitrogen transformation of the application of controlled release fertilizer and urea fertilizer into rice paddies, in the red soil hilly fields of southern Hunan for two consecutive years (2002—2003), with a systemic field observation combined with real time analysis, the results showed that the ammonia volatilization is the main reason of nitrogen loss. The application of Urea made the ammonia volatilization losses amounted to 39.28% of total nitrogen. While the application of controlled release fertilizer (LCU70. LCU50), made the ammonia volatilization losses of volume accounted for 19.99% and 10.91% of total nitrogen separately, which were 19.29%~28.37% lower than Urea Nitrogen ammonia volatilization loss.The concentration of NH4-N in field surface water peaks in the first days after fertilization, and drops to the comparison level in 10 days. The ammonia volatilization in the field peaks in the third days after fertilization, and drops to the comparison level in 7 days. Unde the application of controlled-release fertilizer (LCU70, LCU50), the nitrogen absorptivities of rice are 80.5% and 64.7%, respectively, which are 50.5 and 34.7% higher than that of urea, the difference is significant.

  Research on Different Form of Phosphorus of Different Layers in Calcareous Soil Hua Dangling, Yu Changkun, Liu Shiliang, Liu Fang, Jie Xiaolei, 2008, 24 (9):  277-282.  Abstract + ( 1846 )   PDF ( 639010KB )   ( 1015 ) calcareous soil, phosphorus form, soil layers, classification, availability

  Effects of Chemical Fertilizer and Composts Produced from Chicken, Swine and Cattle Manures on Yields and Quality of Leaf Vegetables Zhang Fabao, Xu Peizhi, Tang Shuanhu, Chen Jiansheng, Xie Kaizhi, Huang Xu 2008, 24 (9):  283-286.  Abstract + ( 1430 )   PDF ( 520790KB )   ( 887 ) Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of composts from feedstocks, chicken, swine and cattle manures on the yields and quality of Chinese flowering cabbage and cabbage. Study results showed that: (1) these composts applied at the same nitrogen rates did not result in significant differences in the yields of Chinese flowering cabbage and cabbage, but lower yields were observed when compared to the same nitrogen application rates of chemical fertilizer; (2) composts applied in combination with chemical fertilizer resulted in higher yields, but no significant differences were seen when compared to chemical fertilizer; (3) in general, applications of composts resulted in higher leaf concentrations of ascorbic acid (Vc) and soluble sugar, but lower leaf NO3–N concentrations, compared to application of chemical fertilizer, and composts in combination with chemical fertilizer. The results of this study indicates that basal applications of composts could significantly improve the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage and cabbage, but no significant effects were observed in reducing nitrate contents when composts were applied in combination with chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

  园艺园林科学

  Study on the Mycelia and Extra Cellular Polysaccharide of Two speice of Hypsizigus marmoreus by Rotation Fermentation Liu Chengrong, Deng Baiwan 2008, 24 (9):  287-292.  Abstract + ( 1259 )   PDF ( 597928KB )   ( 783 ) According to the research of the fermentation technique of two speice of Hypsizigus marmoreus by rotation culture .The result is: glucose is the carbon source of mycelium and extra cellular polysaccharide of Hypsizigus marmoreusⅠ and Hypsizigus marmoreusⅡ in fermentation, yeast extractea is the nitrogen source; liquid fermentation medium consist of 3% glucose, 0.4% yeast extractea, vitB1 10mg/100ml、KH2PO4 0.1%、MgSO4 0.1%，and PH value is 6.0; optimum condition for liquid fermentation includes: pH 6.0~7.0，bed rotation speed 110~130r/min，temperature 25~28℃, volum 150ml/250ml at the beginning. mycelium and extra cellular polysaccharide of two speice of Hypsizigus marmoreus have high production and they are: 3.92mg/ml for the dry weight of mycelium and 8.83 mg /ml for extra cellular polysaccharide of Hypsizigus marmoreusⅠ; while 3.25mg/ml for the dry weight of mycelium and 7.69 mg /ml for extra cellular polysaccharide of Hypsizigus marmoreus Ⅱ, The production of the dry weight of my mycelium and extra cellular polysaccharide of Hypsizigus marmoreus Ⅰin rotation fermentation is more than Hypsizigus marmoreusⅡ,s.

  Studies on Breeding of Tetraploid Chinese Cabbages Hybrid Variety “Duowei 462” Mu Jingui, Wang Mingqiu, Liu Xiaodong, Liu Xuemin, Wang Yuhai 2008, 24 (9):  293-297.  Abstract + ( 1675 )   PDF ( 639468KB )   ( 774 ) It is very difficult to breed a new variety, because the traditional breeding methods have been limited by resources quantity. Tetraploid Chinese cabbage has double germ plasms and high resistance, it can produce abundant resources that benefits breeding new varieties. “Duowei 462” is a new tetraploid hybrid variety with high disease resistance and high quality. It was crossed through Xin 413 and CuiLv 5-3-2-2-1 by ICC,HA AFS (originally name as IVF, HAAFS). Child-bearing period 70-75 days, long type, tall is 45cm, head net weight is 3 kilogram, 90000 kg products can be produced in one hectare. Head net rate is 80%. It can be planted within all over the country. It has high resistance against virus disease, bacterial soft rot disease and downy mildew. It is a good earily harvest variety for autumn of northern China.

  Studies on the Heat Tolerance of 5 Festuca Acundinacea Cultivars in Nanjing Zheng Kai, Ding Jiuling, Yu Lusheng 2008, 24 (9):  298-300.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 420871KB )   ( 1022 ) In order to compare the heat tolerance of 5 Festuca acundinacea cultivars, such as Masterpiece, TF64, Tomcat and so on, color, density, coverage and oversummer rate were determined according to field experiment. The results showed that all these indexes of 5 Festuca acundinacea cultivars were significantly reduced after summer in Nanjing and these indexes of Masterpiece were higher compared with other cultivars, and TF64 next. Therefore, Masterpiece had the strongest heat tolerance and TF64 took second place in these 5 Festuca acundinacea cultivars.

  Effect of Heat Ultra-drying Treatment on Large Amount of Germplasm Seeds Meng Shuchun, Zhang Haiying, Liu Pangyuan, He Weiming 2008, 24 (9):  301-304.  Abstract + ( 1361 )   PDF ( 553581KB )   ( 837 ) By heating ultra-drying at 50℃, the moisture content of four species of vegetable seeds can reach the proper level of super-dry. The result indicated that except cowpea seed, which should be controlled between 2 to 4 days by heating ultra-drying at 50℃, the rest of vegetable seeds have quite strong resistance for high temperature and low moisture content. After the treatment, seed vigor is similar to control or even higher than control, without any harmful symptom. It proved that heating ultra-drying at 50℃ is safe and effective.

  Study on Soilless Culture and Technique of Formula Apply Fertilizer on Tomato Tree Chen Shengping, Liu Xiaoguang, Chen Zhi, Han Jingling, Li Yuanxin 2008, 24 (9):  305-307.  Abstract + ( 1629 )   PDF ( 470210KB )   ( 1112 ) 介绍了番茄树无土栽培设施，包括营养液池、栽培池、供液系统、回流系统、控制系统、支撑设施，同时对其营养液配方施肥及其栽培技术管理进行试验研究，结果表明：每千克水中大量元素含量为N-NO3- 100mg、N- NH4＋92 mg、P-H2PO4- 30 mg、Ca2＋240 mg、Mg2＋26 mg、K＋378 mg；微量元素含量为 Fe 30 mg、B 0.5 mg、Mn 0.5 mg、Zn 0.05 mg、Cu 0.02 mg、Mo 0.01 mg，PH值为6.2~6.5之间。

  Effects of Improving Tree Form on the Fruit Quality of Dangshan Suli Pear Xu Yiliu, Yi Xingkai, Zhang Jinyun, Yu Feifei, Lei Bo 2008, 24 (9):  308-311.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 479780KB )   ( 831 ) In order to improve the illumination condition and fruit qualities, the upper leading shoots were pruned with the methods of cutting bake or thinning out, in Dangshan Suli Pear tree with the training of tier and spindle-shape. It was found that the crown illumination condition was improved, soluble solid content was increased and decreased in the content of stone cell obviously in the treatment trees. Except the open-center pruning, other methods had no significant impact on the output. According to the factors of crown illumination conditions, fruit quality and output, it was the best when the upper crown less than 1/3 of the lower.

  Research on the Primary Culture of the Special Aquatic Vegetable Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan Chen Han, Xu Wenjuan, Li Yong, Zhao Di 2008, 24 (9):  312-314.  Abstract + ( 1371 )   PDF ( 554716KB )   ( 751 ) The shoot tips of Vallisneria Spinulosa Yan were used as explants in the test of tissue culture and rapid propagation, the direct method of differentiation of young sprout by inducing embryoid was used with the basic MS culture medium with the different sorts and concentrations of phytohormone. The results showed that embryoid was induced and the young sprout formed from the plumules with the basic MS culture medium with 0.2-2mg/LBA, 0.2-2mg/LNAA, 0.2-2mg/LIBA, 30g/Lsugar, 10g/Lagar. When BA/NAA=3:1 and 1:1 or BA/IBA=1:1 and 1:10, the plants were getting the seeding that grew orderly and vigorously with fresh green leaves and higher leaf-like stems.

  The Influence of Light Intensity to Taishan Sealwort’s Growth Characteristic and Yield Bi Yanwen, Yang Yongheng, Gong Junhua, Chen Baofang 2008, 24 (9):  315-319.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 576042KB )   ( 804 ) The Taishan sealwort likes wet and resistants cool, evades the glare to fear dry, The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of the light intensity to taishan sealwort’s growth and yield. Is highest by the apple forest interplanting sealwort addition output and the new rhizome polysaccharide content respectively reaches 19.4%, 21.8%,40% transmittance visor net visor processing sealwort addition output and the new rhizome polysaccharide content is lowest, has 13.4% and 11.0%. Under the visor net the sealwort average transpiration rate is open-air cultivates 81.4%, explained that the Taishan sealwort does not suit the open-air growth.The net photosynthesizes of different leaves drops rapidly when there is more than 20 piece of leaves,you may cut the terminal bud in production for the promotion underground portion growth. The shade culture may reduce the occurrence probability of the sealwort spot leaf effectively, it is lightest by 40% diaphanous cultivation, preventive effect reaches 68.4%. The visor net cover cultivation causes the sealwort output distinct enhancement,which is best by 40% diaphanous processing production increases effect, increases production 27.71%, the volume variance reaches the extremely remarkable level with the CK processing and 25% shade processing.

  Study on the Continuous Low Temperature with GA3 on Promoting the Nectarine Germinating ahead of Time Liu Li, Xuan Yang, Wang Huiling, Tang Hui, Guo Lili 2008, 24 (9):  320-323.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   PDF ( 472202KB )   ( 911 ) Taking this year’s branchs of the yanguang, shuguang and huaguang nectarina as material, Exploring different low-temperature treatment time with GA concentration on promoting early germination of nectarine. The results showed that: the germination rate of the shuguang, huaguang and yanguang nectarine’s branches at the continuous 400-hour-low-temperature treatment and the GA concentration 100mg/L was significantly higher than that of other treatments, the germination rate has reached 90 percent. the germination rate of the shuguang and yanguang nectarine’s branches at the continuous 400-hour-low-temperature treatment and the GA concentration 200mg/l or at the continuous 400-hour-low-temperature treatment and the GA concentration 50mg/l has reached 80 percent above; the germination rate of the huaguang nectarine’s branches at the continuous 500-hour-low-temperature treatment and the GA concentration 100mg/l was very high and the germination rate has reached 87.8 percent.

  Effect of Bagging on the Content of Aromatic Substances of ’Xiangshui’ Pear in Storage Wang Shaomin, Tao Jihan, Wei Shuwei, Xue Peisheng 2008, 24 (9):  324-328.  Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 421596KB )   ( 877 ) The aromatic substances in the fruit of ’Xiangshui’ pear in storage were determined by using headspace solid phase microextraction and GC-MS. V The results showed that 172 kinds of aromatic substances were detected. After 0 day, 45 kinds in bagging fruit,64 kinds in CK. After 60 days at 0℃, 53 kinds in bagging fruit, 75 kinds in CK. There were difference between kinds and content of aromatic substances for bagging pear fruit and CK in storage, and there were also difference in different storage time for bagging fruit.

  Studies on the Biochemistry and Physiology Proprtise of Rat-harvest Vallisneriasp inulosa Root Li Yong, Xu Wenjuan, Chen Han, Zhao Di 2008, 24 (9):  329-334.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 719766KB )   ( 688 ) Biochemistry and physiology of Vallisneriasp inulosa root was investigated when the temperature of the water was between eight and ten centigrade, and this will be useful for the storage and production of Vallisneriasp inulosa root. The results showed that as the time of storage goes on，the contents of water and amylum were decreased gradually, the content of reducing sugar and the degree of enzymatic browning were both increased gradually, respiratory intensity、Peroxidase activity and phenols content were showed increased and then decreased；soluble protein content、Polyphenol oxidase activity and Catalase activity were showed decreased and then increased.

  植物保护科学

  The biological characteristics, harm, prevention and cure of Leymus secalinus in Rheum officinale Baill. field Xin Cunyue, Guo Qingyun, Xu Jianye, Qiu Xuelin, Wei Youhai, Guo Liangzhi, Weng Hua, Cheng Liang, Geng Guigong 2008, 24 (9):  335-338.  Abstract + ( 1727 )   In order to control Leymus secalinus in Rheum officinale Baill. field efficiently and decrease consumption of soil water and nutrient, the biological characteristics, harm, prevention and cure of L. secalinus have been investigated and analyzed. As a result, it was indicated that the L. secalinus was 45~120 cm in height, exhibited the growth in single or cluster, and expanded its roots transversely in the soil layer of 30~50 cm. In the 50 cm plough layer per m2 area, the total rootstalk weight of L. secalinus was 1129.3 g , and the total rootstalk length of L. secalinus was 2783.3 cm, and the total fresh bud of rootstalk was 589.7, all which caused soil water-absent and fertility-deficient. When the soil water was about 13.4%, L. secalinus seedlings came out normally but their development was affected greatly. When air temperature was -6~6℃, L. secalinus rootstalks sprouted from soil, which was up to top stage in the first ten days of April, and the average seed number of individual plant was 68.4. When the number of L. secalinus in R. officinale Baill. field was 120~160 per m2, the loss of rhubarb yield was 15.8%~17.8%. When the number of L. secalinus was one per m2, manual work or mechanic and deep plough was employed to pick out the down-ground rootstalks in order to alleviate the next year’s harm. When the density of L. secalinus was high, 10% Glyphosate 22.5~30.0 kg/hm2 was adopted and distributed uniformly with the coverage of R. officinale Baill. seedlings by plastics film during the 1~3 leaf-stage of L. secalinus, and the prevention and cure rate was up to 98%. The prevention and cure of L. secalinus of the ridge field was emphasized to switch off the spread of L. secalinus of the ridge field effectively. However, it is favorable and important that the environment of agricultural field was not polluted and the persistent and steady development of Chinese rhubarb R. officinale Baill. was presented.

  Tobacco Seed Import and the System of Prevent to Quarantine Disease Established Xu Meiling 2008, 24 (9):  339-344.  Abstract + ( 1224 )   PDF ( 847104KB )   ( 940 ) For fear of the spreading of tobacco blue mild in the process of tobacco seed import, firstly analysis the ways of seed import and the tobacco Pest Risk Analysis (PRA), and point out the importance and necessity of forcefully abiding by national law and rules, and then put forward a set of mechanism of anti quarantined diseases based on establishment of negative pressure greenhouse. It is shown that this kind of mechanism has valuable effect in tobacco seed import.

  The Control Effect of 16 Insecticides Against Nilaparvata lugens Liao Shichun, Wei Qiaoxian, Huang Suosheng, Huang Lifei, Li Liufeng 2008, 24 (9):  345-347.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   To understand the control effect of imidacloprid preparations against Nilaparvata lugens, 16 insecticides were tested in rice through field spray. The results showed that, 7 days after single spray, fipronil got the maximum control effect of 96.6% and asetamiprid got the minimum control effect of 24.9%. Among the 16 insecticides tested, fipronil, imidacloprid, buprofezin and phoxim got control effect above 90%; fenobucarb, chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb were between 80%~90%; 5 kinds were 70%~80%, 2 kinds were 60%~70% and 2 kinds were below 60%. It was concluded that, imidacloprid, buprofezin, fenobucarb, and isoprocarb, as well as fipronil, chlorpyrifos, and phoxim can effectively prevent the attack by Nilaparvata lugens in rice.

  Population Reproductive Capacity in Different Body Weight of Apodemus agrarius Yang Zaixue, Zheng Yuanli, Guo Yongwang, Jin Xing, Liu Jin 2008, 24 (9):  348-352.  Abstract + ( 1594 )   PDF ( 544870KB )   ( 825 ) The body weight of 2563 Apodemus agrarius have been analyzed in Yuqing, Guizhou Provence from 1987 to 2007. The results indicate that the minimum body weight is 5.36 gram, the maximum is 53.41 gram and the average is 26.31±8.14 gram. The body weight mostly ranges from 15.01 gram to 35.00 gram, which is 79.01% of the total, is stronger ability of the individual activities. The minimum body weight of pregnant Apodemus agrarius is 17.61 gram, and the minimum body weight of Apodemus agrarius whose testicle descend is 16.50 gram. The rats begin to propagate when their body weight reach 16.0 gram, with the body weight increase, the population reproductive capacity also increases. When the weight goes beyond 24.0 gram, the population reproductive capacity rapidly enhances. Meanwhile, the rate of pregnancy reach 31.82% and the descent rate of testicle reach 67.02%, which approach the total female rate of pregnancy 30.06% and the total male descent rate of testicle 52.67%. At the same time, the reproductive index reaches 0.7138, which approach the total reproductive index 0.7599. The population reproduction capacities of different age groups have remarkable difference. With the increment of population age, female rate of pregnancy, litter size, male descent rate of testicle, and reproductive index continuously increase. Adult group I, group II and the old group are the main reproductive contributors population of Apodemus agrarius. Therefore, the proportion of the three groups in the population is closely to the decrease or increase of the populations, which can be regarded as an important basis to predict the population quantities of the Apodemus agrarius

  Primary Research on Index of Lichi Freeze Injury Cai Wenhua, Zhang Hui, Xu Zhonghuang, Chen Hui, Lin Liangfa,Tang Zhongkun 2008, 24 (9):  353-356.  Abstract + ( 1474 )   PDF ( 483768KB )   ( 1098 ) The extreme low temperature leaded to freeze injury or death of Lichi. The main restricted factor for planting Lichi. The study wanted to make clear the index of freeze injury to Lichi. Low temperature data of Fujian province recent years and now, information about freeze injury of lichi in survey and literature were gathered, refering to photo and corresponding low temperature data about five county(city) in winter in 1999 that provided by guangxi research institute of meteorological disaster mitigation; by statistic methods dealing with above information gave the result on the extreme low temperature data gathering by thermometer screen and the freeze injury grade of lichi; correlation analysis on data of freeze injury and the extreme low temperature indicated that the temperature of no freeze injury and slight freeze injury and moderate freeze injury and serious freeze injury and most serious freeze injury is respectively -0.3℃ and -1.9℃ and -3.1℃ and -3.8℃ and -4.1℃; Difference of teperature between every freeze injury grade of lichi turned to disappear when grade increased.

  Study on Biocontrol of Dendrobium Leaf Spot Caused by Fusarium Cheng Ping, Zheng Yanling, , Li Yongjian, Chen Yuanfeng,Yu Guohui 2008, 24 (9):  357-361.  Abstract + ( 1587 )   PDF ( 673964KB )   ( 933 ) Endogenetic Bacillus coagulans R14 and B. licheniforms R21 isolated from Dendrobium leaves were used to control leaf spot of Dendrobium caused by Fusarium moniliforme B10b. The growth of B10b could be inhibited by R14 or R21 with the inhibition zone 4.94 mm or 6.33 mm respectively on petri dish, and the mycelium of B10b was found to be killed by these two strains. The germination of B10b spore could be greatly inhibited by R14 or R21 fermenting liquor, the EC50 were 538.270μl/ml or 498.884μl/ml. Greenhouse test showed that leaf spot of Dendrobium caused by B10b could be effectively controlled by R14 and R21, the efficacy was up to 70.13% and 67.53% respectively.

  Cloning and Bioinformatics analysis of a cry1Ea-type gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Peng Yan, , Wu Songqing, , Huang Zhangmin, , Guan Xiong, 2008, 24 (9):  362-366.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 559336KB )   ( 940 ) Different isolates of the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produce multiple crystal (Cry) proteins toxic. Due to these characteristics, genes encoding several Cry toxins have been engineered in order to be expressed by a variety of crop plants to control insectpests. A cry1Ea-type gene, designated cry1Ea8, was cloned from the strain Bt HZM2, through the recombinant DNA technology. Nucleotide sequencing for the cry1Ea8 gene is 99.49%~99.74% identical to the known cry1Ea gene. Homology comparison revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of Cry1Ea8 had an identity over 99% with those of the known cry1Ea proteins. Domain Analysis showed that there were three domains in Cry1Ea8. N-terminal spiral domain was responsible for membrane insertion and pore-forming of the toxin and the other two domains was relevant to the receptor binding. It provided new selection for development of novel Bt products based on its toxins.

  Expression of cry2Ac4 Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis in Escherichia coli Huang Tianpei, Chen Wen, Pan Jieru, Huang Zhipeng, Guan Xiong 2008, 24 (9):  367-370.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 529474KB )   ( 853 ) Expression of cry2Ac4 Gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in Escherichia coli. The cry2Ac4 gene from Bt WB9 was amplified by PCR using plasmid DNA of pMD2Ac as the template and ET-F/ET-R as the specific primers. Subsequently, the amplified fragment of cry2Ac4 gene was inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-29a. A recombinant expression vector pET-29a-cry2Ac4 was constructed and then transformed into Escherichia coli JM109. The plasmid of pET-29a-cry2Ac4 was recovered from the positive transformant, and further transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS to express the Cry2Ac4 protein by the induction of IPTG. SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of the expressed product was about 70kDa.

  Study on Dynamics of Soil Microorganisms under American Ginseng (Panax qiunuefollium L.) for Different Years Fu Jia, Li Xian’en, Fu Junfan 2008, 24 (9):  371-375.  Abstract + ( 1360 )   PDF ( 580219KB )   ( 880 ) The American Ginseng ,as the study objects, which grew in different years in Jiling and Beijing, were studied on Dynamics of Soil Microorganisms by separating, culturing, counting and identifying the edaphon among soil of American Ginsengs. As the result showed: Compared to American Ginsengs growing in different years, the result showed that the amount of edaphon in American Ginsengs’ rhizosphere became larger and the soil physcial and chemical properties changed in different degree .Moreover, the major advantages of the occasion of fungi populations of American ginseng rhizosphere soil were indentified. And The group and quantity of pathogen (Alternaria sp.) and antagonistic bacteria (Thrichoderma sp.) in rhizosphere soil of American ginseng all increased as time passing by.

  The Genetic Diversity of Geographical Populations of the Migratory Locust Analyzed with the Percent of Polymorphic Loci and Shannon’s Index Zhang Minzhao 2008, 24 (9):  376-381.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 619181KB )   ( 832 ) To study the genetic diversity of different geographic migratory locust populations revealed by two different diversity parameters, the percent of polymorphic loci and Shannon’s index. The RAPD data of different geographic populations of migratory locust in China were analyzed with the percent of polymorphic loci and Shannon’s index. The average percent of polymorphic loci and the average Shannon’s index for the migratory locust populations in China varied from 59.17% to 77.38% and 4.95 to 6.09, respectively. Although there were significantly differences between the two indexes for some primers, the differences of the two indexes amongst the migratory locust populations were not significant (p<0.05). When the Shannon’s index was partitioned into two levels to analyze the genetic diversity of geographic populations of migratory locust, the average diversity within populations (66.85%) was much more than that between populations (23.15%), which was the same as those obtained with other methods. Highly genetic diversity in different geographical population of the migratory locust in China was revealed by the percent of polymorphic loci and Shannon’s index. Our results indicated that those two parameters were suitable to analyze RAPD data to reveal genetic diversity of insects.

  The Biological Characteristics of Organophosphorus Pesticide-degrading Bacterium, Enterobacter cloacae Lin Kangmei, Guan Xuefang, Ma Lina, Wang Zonghua, Lu Guodong, Liu Bo 2008, 24 (9):  382-386.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 621846KB )   ( 937 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The biological characteristics of organophosphorus pesticide-degrading bacterium, Enterobacter cloacae will be studied in this paper to explain the mechanism of degrading .【METHOD】The growth curve, physiological characteristics of E. cloacae were observed. Meanwhile, the suitable cultural medium, growth temperature, pH value, shaking speed, cultural volume were tested to determine the best cultural conditions for E. cloacae. And the endure and utilization abilities of E. cloacae to Dimethoate, Methamidophos, Dichlorvos and Trichlorfon were measured.【RESULTS】E. cloacae started logarithmic growth after 3 hours, and could utilize a great part of carbon-containing compounds and grow under nutrition-lacking condition. Its suitable growth temperature and pH were 10-43℃ and 6-12, respectively. Its degradation to Dimethoate, Methamidophos, Dichlorvos and Trichlorfon was base on the existence of certain nutrition materials.【CONCLUSION】E. cloacae had fast growth speed and could survive under nutrition-lacking condition, which meant that it was a bacterium suitable for degradation of organophosphorus pesticides in soil and water.

  生态农业科学

  Comprehensive Evaluation on the Agricultural Economic Development Level of Fujian Province with TOPSIS Method Based on Entropy Weight Li Yanchun, , Huang Yibin, , Wang Yixiang, Weng Boqi 2008, 24 (9):  387-390.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   PDF ( 451766KB )   ( 792 ) According to 2007 Fujian Statistical Yearbook, this paper evaluated and classified the agricultural economic development level of 9 cities in Fujian province by using TOPSIS method based on entropy weight. The results showed that the agricultural economic development level of 9 cities in 2006 was as follows: Sanming > Nanping > Longyan > Xiamen > Zhangzhou > Fuzhou > Quanzhou > Putian > Ningde. The status of 9 cities on agriculture economic development in Fujian province was in favor of understanding the economic development situation and accelerating the continuous development of agricultural economy of Fujian province.

  Effect of Free Air CO2 Enrichment to Rice Quality of Rice Xu Changliang, , Li Junying, Xie Hui, Zhu Jianguo, Fan Guizhi, , Cai Qingsheng 2008, 24 (9):  391-397.  Abstract + ( 1646 )   PDF ( 880814KB )   ( 1064 ) Understanding the effect of elevated CO2 on rice quality of indica (IR24) and japonica (Asominori) will offer some breeding materials under future elevated CO2 environment. The variety IR24 and Asominori were used to research the processing quality, appearance quality, cooking and eating quality responded to Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE, ambient + 200μmol/mol) during 2003 and 2004. Compared to the control, brown rice rate(BRR), milled rice rate (MRR), head rice rate (HRR) of IR24 and Asominori under FACE were reduced -3.14%~-0.21% and -3.14%~-0.33%, respectively; elevated CO2 had no significant effect on grain length, grain width and grain shape; chalky grain rate of IR24 and Asominori were reduced from 29.63% and 30.81% under FACE to 18.93% and 24.78% under ambient, respectively; elevated CO2 had no significant effect on amylose content; each index of Rapid Viscosity Analyzer (RVA) responded to elevated CO2 was not the same, among of them, only peak viscosity was significantly increased in IR24 and Asominori under FACE during two years; crude protein content of IR24 and Asominori were reduced from 11.77% and 10.23% under FACE to 10.97% and 9.91% under ambient, respectively. During two years, among of the detected rice qualities under FACE, only processing quality and eating quality responded to elevated CO2 were same. The degree of response to FACE in Asominori and IR24 showed that the rice quality of IR24 had greater effect than that of Asominori.

  Research Progress on the Physiological and Ecological Effects in the Maize under Planting of Ridge Culture and Straw Mulch Zhao Xia, Jiang Jun, Liu Jingbao, Wang Zhenhua 2008, 24 (9):  398-400.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 445055KB )   ( 830 ) To research further function of maize by planting of ridge culture and straw mulch, the paper summarizes the influence of physical and chemical characteristics, the temperature and moisture of soil and the farm microclimate. It is beneficial to the growth of maize plant. The yield has been improved to some extent. Some existing problems and researching for further such as suitable area, soil type, key technologies of it were put forward.

  Energy Analysis of Agro-ecological System in Red Eroded Soil of South China Huang Wenjuan, Chen Zhibiao, Cai Yuancheng 2008, 24 (9):  401-406.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 697529KB )   ( 744 ) The Energy flows of agro-ecological system were analyzed quantitatively in Changting County of Fujian Province by using the theory and methods of Energy analysis. The 10 Energy indices, including Energy yield ratio (EYR), Energy investment ratio (EIR), environment carrying capacity (ECC), Energy—based sustainability index(ESI), system dominant degree (SDD) and system stability degree (SSD) are analyzed．EIR, EYR, ECC, ESI, SDD, SSD was 1.91, 11.40, 2.21, 19.10, 0.53 and 0.90 respectively in 2005. The result showed that this region is in the stage of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. In order to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in the region, suitable measures should be taken, that is, to regulate the input in agriculture, to increase utilization ratio, to stimulate academic research, and to improve the productivity of agricultural economic systems.

  Effects of Sunlight-dual-conversion Film on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Tobacco Seeding and Temperature of Greenhouse Pu Wenxuan, Yi Jianhua, Sun Zaijun, Liu Jianfu, Lian Shixun, Li Chengzhi, Yin Dulin 2008, 24 (9):  407-411.  Abstract + ( 1618 )   PDF ( 655571KB )   ( 803 ) In this paper, the sunlight-dual-conversion film mulching relies on adding the photoluminescent materials that were so called sunlight-dual-conversion agent (SDCA) to regulate light quality and intensity penetrating through it. The ultraviolet or green component of sunlight can be converted into blue light or red light at the same when the sunlight passed through the plastic film containing SDCA. The results of three years tests in agriculture showed that the sunlight-dual-conversion films have the functions of increasing temperature and promoting tobacco growth. The sunlight-dual-conversion films has remarkable temperature-increasing capability and its temperature increment ranges within 0.9~2.1℃ in greenhouses. The greenhouses with the sunlight-dual-conversion film as its coverage could increase the chlorophyll content and Net photosynthetic rate and the dry weights of the roots, stems and leaves of tobacco seedlings and the contents of starch, soluble sugar and crude fiber in the roots, stems and leaves of the seedlings. It helps tobacco seedlings to improve adversity-resistance.

  The Grey Correlative Degree Analysis on the Relationship between the Yield and the Agronomy Properties of the Spring Barley Varieties in Tibet Zhong Zhiming, Zhang Xianzhou, Cheng Shengkui 2008, 24 (9):  412-415.  Abstract + ( 1391 )   PDF ( 463128KB )   ( 803 ) Based on the application of the gray correlative analysis, the gray correlative degree between eight agronomy properties and yield of thirteen spring barley varieties in Tibet are calculated, in order to give a definite support to variety breeding and cultivation management of spring barley. It shows that the gray correlative degree between spike number per hm2 and yield per hm2 of spring barley is 0.6334, and respectively, grain number per spike 0.6957, and weight per 1000 grains 0.6394, and plant height 0.7088, and spike length 0.6955, and spikelet number per spike 0.7308, and invalid spikelet number per spike 0.6241, and growth period 0.6514. As a result, breeding and cultivation of spring barley varieties with bigger spike and higher stalk, and with increased spikelet and grain number per spike, probably will be the main task for us in the future.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Analysis on Pollution and Correlation of Heavy Metals in Soil in Daqing City Xin Rui, Zhang Sichong, Zhou Xiaocong, Li Jingna, Wang Wei 2008, 24 (9):  416-420.  Abstract + ( 1803 )   PDF ( 423903KB )   ( 956 ) The paper researched on the soils of heavy metals pollution and correlation in Daqing city, Heilongjiang Province through sampling outside and analysis indoor. The main methods are: glass-electrodes method, potassium dichromate method and statistical method. The result shows that Cd is the major contribution factor in Daqing city. Correlation doesn’t exist among heavy metal elements as well as heavy metal elements and physics-chemical nature, both in pastoral areas and in oil extraction area. As to industrial area, correlation exists between Pb and Cd, and also between Zn and organic matter. In living area, 6 pairs of heavy metal elements are correlative. It is manmade activity that led to the situation.

  Evaluation of 8 Leaf-Vegetable Sweet Potato Germplasm in Hainan Province Song Fuping, Huang Jie, Liu Guodao, Xu Ruili, Ye Jianqiu 2008, 24 (9):  421-424.  Abstract + ( 1705 )   PDF ( 493199KB )   ( 814 ) This paper reports the experimental results of 8 leaf-vegetable sweet potato in Hainan Province, China. The results as below: the fresh tender stem-leaf yield of Guangshucai 2 was 24.3t/hm2, best taste, rich nutrition and widen tolerance. The fresh tender stem-leaf yield of Fucaishu 1 was 18.7t/hm2，better taste and rich nutrition, moreover, its fresh root and dry root yield were 18.6t/hm2 and 4.2t/hm2, respectively, best taste and rich nutrition for root-eating. The fresh tender stem-leaf yield of Fushu 7-6 was 12.6t/hm2 owing to weak adaptation, but it possessed excellent taste and nutrition. Suggestion: Guangshucai 2 is adapt to extensive cultivation, Fucaishu 1 is good for leaf-vegetable also root-eating, Fushu 7-6 can harvest high yield and income under the better management condition according to some other experiment.

  Researchs about Vinegar Dregs Cultivates the Double Spore Mushroom Dong Liangli, JingXiaolan, Tian Hongling 2008, 24 (9):  425-428.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 580899KB )   ( 919 ) The cultivation of conventional Agaricusbisporus uses the straw for the main cultivating nourishment. The research uses vinegar dregs for the main cultivating nourishment and have obtained success. Bythis way , its mushroom time, picking, mushroom rate are improver than the conventional cultivation . Agaricusbisporus using vinegar dregs for noarishment are better than the conventional cultivation in thick protein, crude fiber, fat, carbonydrate. its contents are 40.2%, 5.8%, 3.4%, 30.1%, each quality targer attined the high quality target, now the cultivation using vinegar dregs for the main nourishment has moved towards the road of industry .

  Efect of Soil Enzyme Activities under Different Vegetation Restoration in Eroded Hilly Loess Plateau Dai Quanhou, , Liu Guobin, Jiang Jun, Xue Sha, , Zhai Sheng 2008, 24 (9):  429-434.  Abstract + ( 1660 )   PDF ( 752336KB )   ( 844 ) In order to find the effect of soil enzyme activities under different vegetation restoration in Hilly Loess Plateau, seven kinds of soil enzyme activities and physicochemical properties were studied. In this study, six long trial sites located in Zhifanggou Catchment were studied, and a farmland was chosen as the references. The results showed that soil physical and chemical properties were poor in slope farmland, but vegetations recovery can increased them apparently. After 30 years of de-farming and vegetation recovery, soil urease, phosphatases, invertase, cellulose and catalase, respectively, increased by the percentage of 33%~213%, 275%~394%, 70%~210%, 24%~48% and 32%~96% as compared to the farmland, while polyphenol oxidase decreased by the percentage of 23%~29% and amylase had no obvious effect. Different types of vegetation restoration are different in improving soil enzyme activities. The significant relationships were observed between phosphatase, invertase, cellulose, polyphenol oxidase and physical and chemical properties of soil. We think that the four kinds of soil enzyme activities can be used as indicators of soil quality.

  The Research about the Corn Stover Hydrolysis Versus the Metal Salt Catalyst with Dilute Acid Bai Yongke, Cui Haixin, Liu Qi, Cai Hongchang 2008, 24 (9):  435-438.  Abstract + ( 1569 )   PDF ( 494662KB )   ( 932 ) To deal with the short of energy sources and look for the best way to use the crop straw, the method of hydrolysis under dilute acids is used to hydrolyze straw cellulose. The experiment is based on self-devised dilute acid hydrolysis device and takes corn straw as the raw material. The orthogonal test was used to optimize 4 factors, namely H2SO4 concentration, corn stover granularity, the melt salt catalyst species and concentration. The yield of oligosaccharide was used the index in the orthogonal test. The results showed that the chromium chloride、the ferrous chloride、the copper chloride and the zinc chloride could improve the efficiency, and also concluded the best arrange in pairs or groups under different catalyst. The best reducing sugar yield was received with 2% sulfur acid, 60 mush and 1% ferrous chloride. The results are good for application.

  A Study on Status and developmental Trend of biodegradable Plastic Film Liu Min, Huang Zhanbin, Yang Yujiao 2008, 24 (9):  439-443.  Abstract + ( 1784 )   PDF ( 683014KB )   ( 1793 ) The paper summarized the classification、degradation mechanism and current research and development of biodegradable mulching film, introduced the standards of biodegradation of mulching film, pointed out the current problems of biodegradable mulching film in manufacturing and the use in agricultural production, and also discuss the development trends of biodegradable mulching film.

  A Primary Discussion on the Application of Ecological Footprint for Environmental Impact Assessment of Land Consolidation Planning Chen Danjie, Wang Zhiyong, Qu Chenxiao, Meng Qingxiang 2008, 24 (9):  444-447.  Abstract + ( 1703 )   PDF ( 536144KB )   ( 922 ) In the process of drawing-up land-use planning must carry out an environmental impact assessment of land consolidation planning, at present, the way we usually used in the environmental impact assessment of land consolidation planning can not quantitative reflection the influence of land consolidation planning to the environment, in this paper, a method named ecology foot printing for land planning and environmental assessment was proposed, and through analyzed the case of shuangjing town of xinyang province’s land consolidation planning, in order to provide an quantitative method for the environmental impact assessment of land consolidation planning.

  The Analysis of Change Rate of Precipitation and Quantity Change of Precipitation in the Past 50a in multiple temporal Scales in Tangshan Gong Yu. , Hua Jiajia, Chen Yu 2008, 24 (9):  448-451.  Abstract + ( 1777 )   PDF ( 480770KB )   ( 931 ) Using climatic statistical methods, based on the data of 11 observation stations in Tangshan, the change characteristic of annual precipitation of different districts was analyzed. And from different angle of year, quarter and month, the rate of average relative precipitation of different districts was analyzed nearly 50 years. The results showed that: Over the past 30 years, the average annual precipitation reduces 8.5%~22.4% than the average annual rainfall. The reduction of coastal areas is most, but reduced extent of precipitation in the main crop growing season did not exceed 10%. At the year angle, the change rate of precipitation is 20.1%~3.0%, and the relative change rate of precipitation is gradually decreasing from the eastern coastal areas to the northwest. At the quarter angle, the change rate of precipitation of spring, summer, autumn and winter is 57%~8%、38%~8%、24%~1%、37%~2% respectively, the change rate of precipitation of spring is most. At the month angle, the change rate of precipitation in January and December is most, more than 100%. The change rate of precipitation May to September is least, the change range is 40%~60%, the change range of July-August is about 40%, and the other is 60%~90%.

  热带农业科学

  The Effect of Coconut Storage Protein Subunits under Different Separation Gel Concentrations of SDS-PAGE Zheng Yajun, Li Yan, Li Xinju, Zheng Xiaowei, Qin Weiquan 2008, 24 (9):  452-456.  Abstract + ( 1646 )   PDF ( 692283KB )   ( 1163 ) This experiment attempted to research the separating effect of coconut storage protein subunits under different separation gel concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that the separating effect of coconut storage protein subunits could be greatly affected by the concentration change of separation gel. The good separating effect of coconut storage protein could be obtained when the separation gel concentration was 11% to 12%. The resolving effect of coconut protein subunits was best when the separation concentration was 11.5%.

  Optimization of SRAP Reaction System in Cassava Xia Zhiqiang, Zou Meiling, Wang Wenquan 2008, 24 (9):  457-460.  Abstract + ( 1732 )   PDF ( 503128KB )   ( 800 ) The aim of the research was to establish SRAP amplification system which was suitable for Cassava DNA so as to lay foundation for molecular marker and the construction of gene map in Cassava. Using Cassava genome DNA as template, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was applied for Cassava to carry on PCR amplification of its DNA and optimize the reaction parameter grade by grade. The stable and reproducible SRAP reaction system of Cassava has been developed. The optimum SRAP PCR system (total of 10μl) was as follows: DNA (50ng/μl) 0.5μl, 10×PCR buffer (Mg2+) 1.0μl, dNTPs (20mM) 0.2μl, primer (50ng) 0.3μl, Taq polymerase (5U/μl) 0.2μl. The program and system could meet the demands for genome SRAP amplification in Cassava. It was feasible to apply SRAP marker in genetic research in Cassava.

  Matlab Implementation of Dozens of Similarity and Distance Functions and Their Applications Liu Guanghua, Liu Guodao, Zhang Wenjun 2008, 24 (9):  461-464.  Abstract + ( 1968 )   PDF ( 377983KB )   ( 955 ) Similarity functions and distance functions are widely used in cluster analysis, similarity analysis, and difference analysis. These functions have various mathematical forms and will yield different results. In this paper 13 similarity functions and distance functions were developed as Matlab functions. They can be used in various Matlab-based studies. Some applications of these functions were listed.

  Advances of Research on Basal Stem Rot of Oil Palm Zhu Hui, Yu Fengyu, Lv Liebiao, Qin Weiquan, Ma Zilong 2008, 24 (9):  465-469.  Abstract + ( 1782 )   PDF ( 588396KB )   ( 1723 ) Basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is one of the most serious diseases to oil palm. It was reported in Asia, Africa, South America and Oceania. Basal stem rot has brought great damage to oil palm production in SE Asia. In this article, the development of research on distribution and damage, symptomatology, etiology, disease cycle and control measures of oil palm basal stem rot are summarized.

  The Survey of Longan Industry Development in China Gu Xiaoling, Li Yuping, Liang Weihong, Liu Yanqun, Dong Dingchao 2008, 24 (9):  470-474.  Abstract + ( 1990 )   PDF ( 621814KB )   ( 1226 ) Longan is a kind of edible and medicinal tropical fruit which own high nutritional value. China is one of the longan main producers in the world . China’s longan industry has a long history of cultivation. Since building the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and signed the "Early Harvest Scheme", China’s longan industrial development has seriously affected from other producing countries. This paper introduced the longan production in the world and industrial development in China, analyzed the development trend of China’s longan industry, moreover put forward the strategies in the future.

  农业信息科学

  Design of Remote Diagnosis and Management System for Maize Chilling Damage Liu Shuang, Du Keming, , Sun Zhongfu, , Chu Jinxiang 2008, 24 (9):  475-479.  Abstract + ( 1527 )   PDF ( 843384KB )   ( 1069 ) Chilling damage is one of the main types of China’s low-temperature disasters which particularly happens in the northeast and causes very serious impact. Because of this, the author provides a web-based remote diagnosis and management system platform for maize chilling damage. Through investigating the key technologies of the remote diagnosis and management system，a web-based management system was presented on the basis of collecting and processing the experience and knowledge related to maize chilling damage in northeast China. For the computer program, this system was developed by J2EE and Java. Combined with analysis of the environmental data acquired from the wireless telemonitoring system setting up in the field, the real-time forecast of maize chilling damage may be made out just through the Internet. By logging in this system, users can get the following services: choosing active and passive countermeasures for reducing maize chilling damage, making real-time management, getting reference of experts’ knowledge and executing system administration, etc. Besides reliability, easy maintenance and operation, the system also has wide applicability that could provide an universal system platform of remote diagnosis and management for more crops meteorological disasters by rebuilding the data-base and knowledge base.

  农业工程科学

  Long-term Trend of Reference Evapotranspiration in Liuyuankou Irrigation System and its Impacts on Irrigation Water Requirements Luo Yufeng, Jiao Xiyun, Peng Shizhang 2008, 24 (9):  480-484.  Abstract + ( 2067 )   PDF ( 606384KB )   ( 777 ) The long-term trend of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and it’s relationships with weather parameters and irrigation water use were analyzed, and the reasons and impacts of ET0 trend were investigated. Daily meteorological data for the years of 1983-2003 of Liuyuankou Irrigation Area, Henan Province from Huibei Irrigation Experiment Station were collected, then daily, monthly and annual ET0 were calculated using the FAO-56 Penman-Montieth model. Mann-Kendall tests were conducted to detect trends in ET0 and corresponding meteorological parameters. The results show that in Liuyuankou Irrigation System, ET0 decreased 50mm/a in the last two decades; decreasing ET0 was caused mainly by decreasing sunshine hour firstly and wind speed secondly, increasing air temperature was not enough to counteract the impacts of the former two; annual ET0 decrease was contributed by decrease in April, June, July and August; when there was no significant trend in rainfall, decreasing ET0 resulted in decreasing trend in irrigation requirement, which was confirmed by reduced diverted irrigation water from Yellow River. Therefore, besides dissemination of water-saving irrigation techniques, reduced diverted irrigation water from Yellow River was partially contributed from the decreasing irrigation water requirements due to climate change.

  Detection of the Harm Degree of Rice Blast and Rice Sheath Blight Ma Degui, Shao Lushou, Ge Jing, Ding Kejian, Qian Liangcun 2008, 24 (9):  485-489.  Abstract + ( 1767 )   PDF ( 563203KB )   ( 935 ) The harm degree of the rice blast and the rice sheath blight was detected according to the distance characteristic, at present there had not defined the only method of digital image distance.To gain harm degree information of crops disease in real time, this paper studied one method to examine harm degree of the rice blast and the rice sheath blight with ellipse model: used ellipse to fit the biggest sickness spot of the rice blast, calculated the length of principal axis of ellipse and the compared with manual examination the biggest sickness spot length, analysed both relevance, which had extremely the significance; Likewise, used ellipse to fit the length of paddy rice and the distance of disease apart from the base of the rice sheath blight, calculated two principal axis of ellipse length and asked the ratio, the average accuracy of measuring the harm degree of the rice sheath blight was upper to 90%. This study has greater reference value for the large-scale machine of plant protection to obtain the information of injury extent of plant diseases in real time.

  水产渔业科学

  Review on the Biological Purification Techniques of Intensive Ponds Water Quality Jing Xiaojun, Miao Weimin, Yuan Xinhua, Dong Zaijie 2008, 24 (9):  490-495.  Abstract + ( 1597 )   PDF ( 778101KB )   ( 1327 ) The introduction pointed out the water-quality problems of intensive ponds and the advantages of biological purification techniques. It focused on some biological purification techniques which have been commonly adopted by countries in the world and related practical examples, and it illuminated the development trend to achieve optimum purification effect by integrating different biological methods based on the local condition.

  农村能源科学

  Discuss the Status and Development Strategies of Energy Plants Jatropha curcase L Ou Wenjun, Wang Wenquan, Li Kaimian 2008, 24 (9):  496-499.  Abstract + ( 1759 )   PDF ( 650706KB )   ( 1372 ) The energy plant of Jatropha curcas L., belonging to Jatropha Linn of Euphorbiaceae, is a deciduous shrub or small arbor, it has a wide range adaptation of drought-resistant and barren, its toxic and biologically active substances can be used as pesticides and medicine. Its seed produce oil can be used as bio-diesel. Now it’s widely cultivated and distributed in the tropics and subtropics regions. More and more countries and companies want to develop this plant for producing bio-diesel. This paper mainly reviews the energy plant on following aspects: Origin and centre of diversity, Distribution, Botanical description, Genetic resources, the trend of development and utilizations etc, Analyzed the status of Plantation and Exploitation, Finally, Given constructive suggestions for better developing Jatropha system.

  三农问题研究

  The Molding of Local Tea Brand Character Zhong Yan 2008, 24 (9):  500-504.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 732336KB )   ( 821 ) Our country is the home town of tea, and also the big country of tea production and consumption. Tea plays a prominent role in the development of village economy, farmer income and export trade in not a few provinces of our country. But because of the limitation of processing levels and the marketing ability, local tea production always stays on the original stage of processing and doesn’t forge its own brand. However, along with the awakening of the brand consciousness, carrying out brand strategy becomes the initial choice of all internal governments and numerous tea enterprises. Brand character is the soul of the brand. This paper analyzed the condition lacking of brand character in brand strategy, and then discussed how to mold local tea brand character from brand positioning, brand design, brand communication and extension and so on.

  Research on Methods of Science Popularization in County-Level Liu Tifen 2008, 24 (9):  505-508.  Abstract + ( 1133 )   PDF ( 570605KB )   ( 933 ) Strengthening in science popularization is inevitable requirement for thoroughly applying the scientific outlook on development and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and is the primary task for improving science literacy of the entire people. In view of development in Science Popularization, the author lists 3 problems existed currently: sound mechanism, function weakening; lack of funds, simple in means; lack of self-development. And offers 4 proposals for science population in the future: Strengthening publicizing to build a good atmosphere; Deepening work for improving influence; Trying various means to improve the scientific and cultural qualities of citizen; establishing long-term mechanism.

  The Exploration and Practice of Furthering Reform of Finance Management in Shanghai Ocean University Wang Xianyi 2008, 24 (9):  509-512.  Abstract + ( 1122 )   PDF ( 565565KB )   ( 785 ) In the past 10 years, Shanghai Ocean University has mainly taken some measures in the reformation of finance management. Our aim is to enhance efficiency of running the university, optimize the structure of the staff and actively promote the reformation of the expenditure distribution system among the staff. In order to adapt to the features of Shanghai of the beginning of the new century, stabilize the teaching staff, our university introduced timely the reformation of housing monetary system for teachers, we achieved very remarkable efficiency with relatively low cost. In order to meet the requirement of expenditure classified management suitable for public finance and actively promote the department budget system within the university, we set up the budget administration system and ways of expenditure classified administration which are characterized with the feature of our university, all these have some instructional function for the reasonable arrangement of the university expenditure. Also we actively promoted the informationizing of finance management. In this paper, I briefly introduce the background of such practices, the reflection of the designing and the effect after implementation, hoping that I can get the comment and criticism from experts of the same occupation.

  A Performance Appraisal of WB Loan for Agricultural Scientific Project through Success Degree Evaluation Methodology Wang Rui, Chen Jun, Yao Zuowen 2008, 24 (9):  517-521.  Abstract + ( 1607 )   PDF ( 626312KB )   ( 679 ) Project performance appraisal is a technical economy activity that systematically and objectively analyses and summarizes the effectiveness, benefit and influence of a project after operating for some time. Making use of success degree evaluation methodology, this paper sets up basic model for success degree evaluation methodology and makes grade estimation on evaluating indexes for the project of improving irrigation agriculture through loaning from World Bank. Meanwhile, it level analyzes all indexes to get weighing values and assess outcome according to the general performance of this project. Success degree evaluation methodology boasts of objectively scientific appraisal of benefit, summarizing experience and providing consultation for the project of improving irrigation agriculture through loaning from World Bank, even the decision, construction and management of general development of agriculture.

  Study on the Demand of the Farmers’ Credit Based on the Information Entropy Li Junfeng, , Niu Jiangao, Wang Jian 2008, 24 (9):  522-527.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 787643KB )   ( 649 ) Constructing the function of the farmers’ credit decision-making based on the theory of information entropy and using the case of the rural of Huabei plain area, this paper has searched the influence on the income and the payout of the farmer household by information entropy and the influence on the demand of the farmers’ credit. Therefore, the finding is that information has different influences on the income and the payout of the farmer household and that the demand of the farmer household’ credit is not fully valid because the rural information isn’t transmitted smoothly. At last, the paper indicates that it is the important approach improving the validity of the farmer credit demand to constitute the perfect mechanism of transmitting the rural information.

  The Analysis of the Training Demand Condition of Peasant Li Tong, Dong Qian, Liu Xiujuan 2008, 24 (9):  528-530.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 452772KB )   ( 956 ) The paper applies theory and demonstration, qualitative and quantitative analysis.Current status of employment technical training for peasant was investigated and studied. It has analyzed the current situation of ineffecty of employment training content,way and expense. The education level of peasant is low, the training task of the government isn’t good, the organization of peasant isn’t perfect,and it can not be satisfied with many training demand of peasant.The paper proposed some countermeasures to solve the question of employment technical training forpeasant,such as establishment multiplication fund investment mechanism and attention training content and way effectiveness. The paper aims to solve the effective way of the training of peasant in china.