Current issue

• 2008 Vol.24 No.10 Published:05 October 2008

  畜牧兽医科学

  In Vitro Dry Material Digestibility and Fermentation Parameter Kinetics of rumen Affected by Different Soybean Processing 2008, 24 (10):  1-7.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 704617KB )   ( 835 ) 【OBJECTIVE】the soybean meal 、EFFSB and roasting soybean were used in an 【METHOD】in vitro rumen gas production method to imitate the dissimilarity under the milk cow TMR(DM) conditions. The influence of adding (0,5,10,15,20%) to ruminant in vitro gas production and the dry matter digestibility (DMD) and rumen fermentation parameters were determined. 【RESULTS】: The actual cumulative gas production in vitro assume the gradual trend of escalation with the time extension, but from 64 to 72 hours period, actual gas production in vitro remained basically unchanged.；under entire mix daily ration condition, after amounts of soybean meal reach 10%, it will alter the rumen fermentation characteristics, therefore increasing Rumen protein content, need to consider energy nitrogen balance；under the same raw material different gradient condition, adding EFFSB and roasting soybean to fermentation parameters and dry matter digestibility of rumen and the impact was not significant, explained the addition of energy and protein in TMR daily ration is beneficial on rumen healthy.Under the different raw material same gradient condition, all kinds of materials to rumen fermentation parameters of no significant impact. But B: C ratio in soybean meal and EFFSB, roasting soybean exist the opposite tendency, 【CONCLUSION】adding with 15% is the most notable.

  Effects of Varying Protein and Starch in the High-Concentrate Diet of Steers on Ruminal Fermentation and Intestinal Digestion of Starch MO Fang 2008, 24 (10):  8-12.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 573369KB )   ( 690 ) Abstract The main objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of the amount of CP and starch in the diet of steers on ruminal fermentation, passage of starch to the small intestine, and starch digestibility. For this purpose, 4 Holstein steers fistulated in the rumen and abomasum were used in a 4×4 Latin square design at four treatments. With four level of CP and two level of starch in the diet. On an air-dry matter basis, diets contained 25% hay, 25% alfalfa and 50% concentrate. Digestibilities in the rumen and total tract of starch were unaffected by increasing the dietary CP or decreasing the starch of diet (p>0.05), The percentage of starch apparently digested in the rumen and total tract were 83.5% and 97.4%, respectively. Increasing dietary CP or decreasing dietary starch decreased the ruminal outflow, apparent ruminal and total tract digestion of starch (p<0.05). Results of this study suggest that decreased the proportion of starch consumed by the steers that was apparently digested in the small intestine. the amount of starch in the diet of steers on starch passage to the small intestine.

  Cloning and sequence analysis of E2 gene of CSFV 2008, 24 (10):  13-16.  Abstract + ( 1527 )   PDF ( 493317KB )   ( 853 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To study the genetic variation of field virulent CSFV. 【METHOD】 The special primers were designed and synthesized according to the full E2 sequence of CSFV Shimen strain published in GenBank. The E2 gene of field virulent strain that was collected from Henan province was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pGEM-T vector. The nucleotide sequence was determined by sequencing and the amino acid sequence was deduced. 【RESULTS】The result showed that the full fragment of E2 gene was cloned. Compared with the corresponding region of HLCV, C, Shimen, Alfort and Brescia strain of CSFV, the nucleotide sequence homology was 99.0%, 96.5%, 93.5%, 94.4% and 89.9% respectively. And the amino acid homology was 97.8%, 94.0%, 92.6%, 92.0% and 91.0%, 87.0% respectively. The further study of the field strain was done by the phylogenetic tree. The filed sequenced strain has closer relation with HLCV strain compared with the Shimen, Alfort and Brescia strain. 【CONCLUSION】The result showed the isolated CSFV strain has high homology with the vaccine strain, suggesting that little mutation was occurred in the strain we cloned, and the current CSFV vaccine could provide whole protection for this virulent area in some extent.

  Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Oryctolagus cuniculus CCR10 2008, 24 (10):  17-21.  Abstract + ( 1323 )   PDF ( 517007KB )   ( 663 ) Abstract 【Objective】To clone and analysis the Oryctolagus cuniculus CCR10. 【Method】A pair of cloning primers were designed based on the in silico sequence information, Total RNA was extracted from intestinum caecum mucosal tissue of Oryctolagus cuniculus and mRNA sequence was amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR products were ligated into the pMD19-T vector, and then transformed into competent cells of E.coli JM109. The positive clone was identified and the sequence was sequenced and analysis. 【Results】Oryctolagus cuniculus CCR10 consists of 723bp and encodes 241 amino acids . Tertiary structure predicts that CCR10 contains a PIG-X domain. Identity analysis showed that the CCR10 nucleotide sequence shared 89.6%、89.9% homology with that of Oryctolagus cuniculus、Ovis aries、Homo sapiens, the predicted peptide shared 94.2%、93.8% homology with that of Oryctolagus cuniculus、Ovis aries、Homo sapiens. revealing that the structural feature is consistent with Oryctolagus cuniculus、Ovis aries、Homo sapiens CCR10.【Conclusion】The Oryctolagus cuniculus CCR10 gene was successfully cloned in present study and the sequence has been submitted to GenBank(Accession. EU348829).

  Expression and Identification of the expression of chicken surface IgM λ light chain in E.Coli ZHAO Xu-Yong 2008, 24 (10):  22-25.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 462754KB )   ( 688 ) The SIgM λ light chain gene about 630bp was obtained from the total RNA of the chicken bursal B lymphocyte by RT-PCR , then the SIgM λ light chain gene was subcloned into the downstream of T7 promoter of the vector pET-28a to construct expression vector of pET SIgM λ. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and induced with IPTG. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analyses showed that the chicken SIgM λ light chain protein of 25.5 kDa were efficiently expressed and mainly existed as inclusion bodies ,with specific reactivity to anti-His antibodies. Moreover，it may be helpful to study its Immunologic and other biological functions．

  Advances on the Association between Polymorphisms of Gene and Diseases in Cattle 2008, 24 (10):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 614400KB )   ( 938 ) Polymorphism of gene is genetic variations on the genome sequence, which is an important decisive factor on the livestock disease susceptibility and resistance, disease clinical performance of diversity and different individuals respond to drugs. To study the genetic polymorphism on the genome sequence of the livestock, which is help to identify and locate pathogenic genes and disease susceptibility gene. Thus, it is possible to control the livestock disease on genetic studies. Therefore, genetic control of animal diseases can reduce the costs associated with diseases, improve animal welfare, and provide healthy animal products to consumers. Advances on the association between genetic polymorphisms and disease susceptibility and resistance for breeding disease resistance in cattle were summarized and analyzed in this review. In addition, the latest progress of diseases control was discussed, combining with genetic information and epigenetics.

  RT-PCR detection of Swine influenza virus 【中】吕翠 【英】Lv Cui 2008, 24 (10):  31-34.  Abstract + ( 1733 )   PDF ( 500423KB )   ( 914 ) Based on the Mtrix（M）gene sequence of the Swine influenza virus(SIV),a pair of primers were designed and synthesized. By means of it, the RT-PCR technique for detecting SIV was established. The 460 bp specific fragments were obtained subsequently from the Mtrix（M）gene of H1,H3 and H9 subtype Swine influenza viruses. Negative test results were found on the Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus，Porcine circovirus type 2, Swine pseudorabies virus and Classical swine fever virus. The amplified sequence of PCR product was 99%-100% in agreement with those published data on SIV strains. The sensitivity of RT-PCR reached 103 EID50. The Swine influenza virus could be detected directly from the samples of infected mice ’s lungs.

  Effect on Anti-Newcastle Disease Virus Action Examination of Maxingshigan Decoction Compositions 2008, 24 (10):  35-38.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   PDF ( 459036KB )   ( 840 ) Newcastle disease is one of poultry infectious diseases caused by Newcastle disease virus. Maxingshigan Tang has the obvious therapeutic effects to the respiratory disease, also has the function of antivirus and the bacteriostasis. By four different doses of the medicine group of Maxingshigan Tang, using the decoction method extracted the medicine active ingredients. By determining the extract to the chicken embryo's maximum lethal concentration and hemagglutination. By different medicine liquor concentration direct action in virus, inoculate embryo determine the change of virus titer, found that all 8 compoundings have the effect of antivirus, and Mahuang is the essential component. Medicine has no directly relation in both antivirus and hemagglutination.

  cDNA Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Porcine Fat Specific Protein 27 2008, 24 (10):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 456301KB )   ( 925 ) The coding sequence of porcine fat specific protein27 gene were amplified based on the in silico sequence information in the present study. Total RNA was extracted from all kinds of organizations and mRNA sequence of gene were amplified by RT-PCR using designed primers. The PCR products were ligated into the pMD-19Tvector, and then transformed into competent cells of E. coli JM109. Porcine fat specific protein27 gene cDNA sequence, the 745 bp in length, open reading frame was 11-727 bp detected by RT-PCR,encoding 238 amino acids residue protein. Homology analysis showed that porcine FSP27 and nucleic acid sequences human, mice and bovine were the homology of 86%, 77.6% and 82.3% amino acid sequence homology was 83.2%, 74.4%and 79.3%. The results showed that tissue distribution: Pig in a variety of organizations have FSP27 distribution.Cloning porcines FSP27 genes and registration GenBank (Accession.EU395789).

  Detection of mecA Gene of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus by PCR and Nucleic Acid Probe Yi-ping Du,Ling Zou,WENHUA LIU 2008, 24 (10):  43-46.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 509490KB )   ( 1043 ) In order to investigate the situation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus(MRS) in livestock and poultry, the method of PCR and dig-labeled nucleic acid probe to mecA gene fragment were established to detect 75 Staphylococcus isolates. Forty-two strains of MRS were screened out by PCR, accounting for 56.0%. Forty-seven strains of MRS were screened out by nucleic acid probe method, accounting for 62.7%. The coincidence rate of acid probe method with PCR method was 93.3%. It was verified that MRS could be isolated from livestock and poultry in vivo or in vitro, with higher isolation rate. Veterinary researchers should pay more attention to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus.

  农业生物技术科学

  Studies on gene cloning of GhRGL from cotton and prokaryotic expression Ming PENG 2008, 24 (10):  47-50.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 472700KB )   ( 832 ) The GA signaling pathway is repressed by the DELLA proteins. A cotton nucleotide with high sequence homology to Arabidopsis thaliana GAI (AtGAI) was identified in the NCBI GenBank database with the NCBI BLAST program, according to the sequence of the cotton nucleotide, full-length cDNAs and genomic coding sequences from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) RGL (GhRGL) were obtained and characterized. Sequence comparisons between the sequence and all of DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis indicted which is a ortholog of AtRGL. And over-express it in prokaryotic systems, The expression construct pET22b carrying the GhRGL coding sequence was preformed, and transformed into E. coli BL21 used as a host. Induced by IPTG, GhRGL-His Tag fusion protein with molecular weight of 64kDa was successfully expressed in transformant. It is the first time to demonstrate recombinant expression of rape GhRGL gene in prokaryotic system, which paves the way for antibody preparation and the study of in situ expression of GhRGL.

  Trituration and Immunologic traits of Monoclonal Antibody for Difloxacin 2008, 24 (10):  51-56.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 838384KB )   ( 743 ) Difloxacin (DIF) was coupled with carrier protein bovine serum albumin(BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) to prepare complete antigen DIF-BSA and DIF-OVA by modified method of carbodiimide. Both UV scanning spectrum and SDS-PAGE were used to identify DIF artificial antigen. BALB/C mice were immunized with BSA-DIF, the titre of monoclonal antibody (mAb) was derected by indirect ELISA and blocking ELISA. The hybridoma lines that secrete DIF mAb were established with using hybridoma technology. The immunological traits such as titer, affinity and specificity of the mAb were characterized.The results showed that the complete antigens DIF-BSA was successfully coupled and its the conjugantion ratio of DIF to BSA was about 4.7:1.There hybridoma cell lines of 1H10、2F12 and 4D8 were screened for specificity to DIF, the indirect ELISA titer of the mAb were 1:5.12×102、1：3.2×101、1：2.56×102 in supernatant, 1：1.6×105、1：4×104、1：8×104 in ascites, the isotypes of the mAb were IgG1、IgG1、IgG2a，and the affinity constant(Ka) were 2.94×1010 L/moL、1.72×1010 L/moL and1.35×1010 L/moL, respectively, the mAb of 1H10 showed good sensitivity with IC50 of 1.64ng/ml to DIF.mAb has no cress-reactivity to other FQS and sulfonamides. DIF mAb of high-titer, sensitivity and specificity had been generated, it is possible to establish immunoassay of DIF residues in animal food. Key words: Difloxacin; Artificial immunity; Monoclonal antibody; Immunological trait.

  Synergistic effect of chickpea protein hydrolysates (CPH) and other antioxidants 2008, 24 (10):  57-60.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   PDF ( 423039KB )   ( 882 ) Synergistic antioxidant effects of CPH and other antioxidants were carried out using reducing power and superoxide radical scavenging assay. The synergism appeared between CPH and VE、Vc、BHT in low concerntrations, and the synergistic effects increased with increasing concerntration and reaction time.

  RAPD Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line and Its Maintainer in Chinese Cabbage 2008, 24 (10):  61-65.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 518971KB )   ( 649 ) The mitochondrial DNA of Chinese cabbage CMS line and its maintainer line were analysed by the method of random amplified polymorphic DNA using random primers. And obtained clear amplification profile. Meanwhile, some obvious differences in mitochondrial genome were detected between CMS and maintainer line.And obtained specific amplified fragment (mt)S259~600bp of CMS in mitochondria DNA, the results revealed that and there are 23bp homology between (mt)S259~600bp and rape mitochondrion gene for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4. The relationship of this different bands in CMS to male sterility needs further study.

  The Production Technology of seeds by mechanize of Hun Zhi NO. 1 Zhang De-Wen 2008, 24 (10):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   PDF ( 556144KB )   ( 938 ) Mixed Planting Breeding refers to mixing the Parents’ seeds of Hybrid Rice, and sowing, get rid of the male parent through chemical methods after flowering and pollination, gain the seeds of Hybrid Rice, which is the mechanized way of seed production, and the development direction of hybrid rice seed production technology. This article expatiates on the entire process of Mixed Seeding of Hybrid Rice from three aspects such as drought mechanized-planting, water mechanized-planting, and mechanized-transplant seedlings.

  THE INITIAL RESEARCH OF BIOLOGY EFFECTS TREATED TO Saccharomyces cerevisia WITH STATIC ELECTRICITY FIELD ZHANG Jian-Min 2008, 24 (10):  70-73.  Abstract + ( 1211 )   PDF ( 533360KB )   ( 553 ) Abstract: When the yeast treated by the static electricity field (0、20、40、60、80、100、120second） have cultured, take a part to continue to handle with the same method, carried on 4 rounds in a row, then measured all posterities, probed the biological effects treated by the static electricity field. It is showed that inside 80 second in the static electricity field, can promote the growth and reproduction of yeast cell, the content of soluble sugar and protein and nucleic acid etc also has different degree increment. As the handling time over 100 second, the yeast cell breed were inhibited. After using a same method to for many rounds handle, the yeast cell adapts the environment changes gradually.

  Establishment and Optimization of SRAP Reaction System in Sesame 2008, 24 (10):  74-77.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 579891KB )   ( 1191 ) The sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) DNA was extracted from young leaf and taken as tested materials. In order to establish the optimum SRAP reaction system which could amplify high levels of polymorphism, good repeatability and clear band pattern, the SRAP amplification system on sesame was optimized from many factors, such as DNA template, Mg2+, dNTPs, Taq DNA polymerase and primers. The optimum SRAP system (total volume of 15μl) was as follows: dNTPs (10mmol／L) 0.30μl, Mg2 + (25mmol／L) 1.20μl, Taq polymerase 1.00U, forward primer 50ng, reverse primer 50ng, DNA template 80 ng, 10×Buffer 1.5μl. This work is a foundation for applying SRAP marker to sesame molecular biology studies.

  The Differential Expression of the Caffeine Synthase Gene in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Plant under Polyethylene Glycol Stress Yun SUN,GUO Chun-fang,Xiu-ying WANG 2008, 24 (10):  78-82.  Abstract + ( 1918 )   PDF ( 610792KB )   ( 837 ) The differential expression of the caffeine synthase gene in tea plant under polyethylene glycol(PEG ) stress was analyzed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that comparing with control, the caffeine synthase gene expression increased significantly in the 12 hours and reached the maximum level 6 hours after PEG stress, and then decreased. The caffeine synthase gene transcription level in tea leaves follows a high-low pattern under PEG stress.The relative expression ratios ranged from 0.13 to 10.97.

  Cloning and Analysis of the 4-coumarate-CoA Lignase Gene-1 CHEN Jian-Rong 2008, 24 (10):  83-87.  Abstract + ( 1629 )   PDF ( 504490KB )   ( 967 ) Boehmeria nivea (Linn.) Gaud. cultivar “Zhongzhu No1” has been used, 4CL-1 genomic DNA sequence has been cloned first time by PCR with degenerate primers, the length of the sequence is 983 bp; 4CL-1 cDNA sequence has been cloned first time by RT-PCR with special primers from ramie stem, the length of the sequence is 110 bp; Bioinformatics analysis shows that this sequence encode a polypeptide about 37 amino acid residue, this polypeptide is similar to acyl-CoA synthetases, and related to AMP forming and binding.

  The gametocidal chromosome and its application in establishing wheat-alien translocation lines 2008, 24 (10):  88-93.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 681365KB )   ( 862 ) Some chromosomes derived from Aegilops can induce chromosome breakage in the gametes lacking them, such as chromosome translocations. Utilizing gametocidal chromosome to establish translocation lines is an efficient way that transfer the fine characters of wild resources into common wheat. This paper summarized the type and the period of function of gametocidal chromosome, and focused on its application in establishing wheat-alien translocations by gametocidal chromosome.

  Cloning and sequence analysis of the rDNA ITS sequence of Fusarium 2008, 24 (10):  94-98.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 596604KB )   ( 1003 ) This experiment take the PMD18-T as the vector, expanding and sequencing the ITS and 28S partial sequences of ten Fusarium strains, utilizing the DNAMAN4.0 software to do analyzing of the multiple sequence and the genetic distance, establishing the molecular system evolution tree. The result indicates that the genetic relationship of each strains between the 92.2% to 99.9%, reflect the inter-species have bigger genetic diversity, This is coincide with the different kind species which is appraised by the morphology analysis, but the same species which are different specialized types and biological races from the different area or host which have the higher homology about between 96.6% to100%. This indicates that the genes of rDNA of the same species which are different specialized types and biological races are higher homology. It is possible that they haven’t difference or the difference is very small.

  Propagation in vitro of chestnut short catkin mutant (Castanea mollissima Bl.) Liu Yu-Fen,Guoqiang Zhao 2008, 24 (10):  99-102.  Abstract + ( 1424 )   PDF ( 560327KB )   ( 732 ) The effect of different explants and different exogenous hormones on callus induction of chestnut short catkin mutant was studied regarding MS as basic medium. The results showed that the optimal inducing medium was MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.2 mg/L NAA, and callus inducing rate using young stem as explants was higher which was 65.0% compared with young leaves. Callus propagation was subcultured on available medium of MS + 0.5～1.0mg/L 6-BA + 0.2mg/L NAA.

  A Method for Human Serum Preparation Used in the Cell Culture 2008, 24 (10):  103-105.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 452771KB )   ( 811 ) The Human serum is often used in the cell culture essential for natural culture medium. In order to investigate a effective method for Human serum preparation, the brown thick normal sample of Human serum was isolated by sampling material, sampling blood, as well as extraction, identification and preservation of the serum, and so on. For higher educational and research institutions, this method could be referenced.

  An Overview of Research and Utilization of Anxiang S 2008, 24 (10):  106-109.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   PDF ( 541937KB )   ( 922 ) Abstract: Anxiang S (Old name 1356S) is the first set practically indica TGM S line in rice developed inside China, which nuclear sterility gene come from Annong S-1, now Anxiang S is one of few TGM S utilized a large area in production. The researches on its reaction to temperature and light in fertility expression, inheritance of its sterility、its wide compatibility and its physiological-biochemical characteristics were reviewed. The utilization of it in two-line hybrid rice breeding and its prospect were summarized and discussed

  食品科学

  Study on Extraction of Agaricus.Blazei. Murrill by Supercritical CO2 zhang yi,yangfan zhao 2008, 24 (10):  110-114.  Abstract + ( 1480 )   PDF ( 603564KB )   ( 613 ) Abstract: The extraction and isolation conditions of Agaricus.Blazei. Murrill （ABM） polyphenol by supercritical CO2 process were studied in this experiment. Influences of indexs which were about extraction temperature, extraction pressure, extraction time were investigated，and suitable conditions were determined based on the single-factor and orthogonal experimental tests. They were as follows: 60% ethanol, extraction temperature 75℃, extraction pressure 40 MPa, CO2 Current capacity 20L/h, the amount of entrainer 120mL. And then compared with static state extracted and dynamic extracted, static state extracted 1 hour, and then dynamic extracted 1 hour was best, extraction rate could reach to 2.431%.

  Analysis of Nutrient Components and Determination of Nitrite Content in Four Kinds of Potherb in Yongzhou zhao yu-yun,Yai-wen ZHANG,Yong-qiang DAI,Xiao-xian GUO,Jian-hua YIN 2008, 24 (10):  115-117.  Abstract + ( 1791 )   PDF ( 431862KB )   ( 807 ) Nitrite and nitrate, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, vitamin C and other ingredients contained in the four kinds of common potherb in Yongzhou, which are Portulaca Oleracea, Lactuca India, Plantago asiatica and Pteridium aquilinum, were determinated and analyzed. The results showed that the content of protein, fat, fiber and vitamin C were high; especially content of vitamin C was much higher than that of the cabbage, a kind of traditional vegetable. Content of nitrite and nitrate in Lactuca India and Plantago asiatica were lower enough for eating with safety. But Portulaca Oleracea and Pteridium aquilinum, because of slightly higher nitrate content when compared with standard, and should be limited in consumption, in addition to take certain measures when cooking.

  Effects of vacuum-infiltration of Ca2+ and Plant Hormone on Storage and Freshness Retention of Jujube 2008, 24 (10):  118-121.  Abstract + ( 1555 )   PDF ( 530314KB )   ( 856 ) The changes of fruit quality and effects of vacuum-infiltration of Ca2+ and plant hormone on storage and freshness retention under low temperature were investigated from full-red ‘Lingwuchangzao’ jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.). The results showed that the treatments of infiltration of Ca2+ or Ca2+ plus plant hormone prevented the oxidization of ascorbic acid, which increased by 33.1% when finishing storage. Meanwhile, the fresh fruit rate of treatments reached 90.9%, CK being 60.5% at 60 days of storage, but no significant differences were found among them. However, the effects of vacuum-infiltration of Ca2+ or Ca2+ plus plant hormone on both the flesh firmness and the contents of titratable acid, soluble solids, total sugar, and pectin were no significant. About 5% of jujube fruits were cracked after infiltration of Ca2+ or Ca2+ plus plant hormone, which affecting the appearance of jujube.

  Comparison of inhibition methods of enzymatic browning for apple juice TANG Gui-fang 2008, 24 (10):  122-126.  Abstract + ( 1562 )   PDF ( 551083KB )   ( 1420 ) In this paper, mechanism of enzymatic browning on apple juice and comparisonof different inhibition methods with physical，chemical and biologic were summarized. Finally, development prospects of solution for enzymatic browning were proposed.

  The Reason of Chinese Soybean crisis and Renewal Policy Zheng-Hao Xv,Wei-Min Chen,Wei-Qin Zhao 2008, 24 (10):  127-132.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   PDF ( 789705KB )   ( 1092 ) China is the largest importing transgenic soybean country in the world. It is seriously potential threaten not only to China’s planting and grinding industry, but also to soybean varieties resource safety, biological diversity, safety biological and Chinese’ health. In global market, China’s green soybean has very good foreground, so we should catch the opportunity. China can be the soybean planting, processing and exporting great country if our government adopt method to developing soybean planting and soybean products exploitation, setting up national soybean safety monitoring nets, administering soybean currency trenches, developing transgenic soybean checking methods and labeling systems.

  农业基础科学

  Comparison of morphological characteristics in South-China double cropping super rice seedling Xin-Qiao ZHOU,Da-Gang CHEN,Li-Jun LI,Xu ZHANG,You-Ding CHEN 2008, 24 (10):  133-136.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   PDF ( 551174KB )   ( 848 ) New-bred super hybrid rice combinations Tianyou 10 hao, Tianyou 122, Wufengyou 128, Teyou 138, and super rice cultivarYuxiangyouzhan were chosen to study the differences of morphological characteristics in South-China double cropping super rice seedling in Guangzhou in the early and late season, 2007. The results showed that,under the ecological conditions of double rice cropping system in the southern China, a significant difference of F-value at 1% or 5% level existed among the tested cultivar and combinations in plant height, leaf number of main stem, stem number each plant and basal width of leaf sheath. Therefore, they are reliable to be ideal morphological characteristics indexes of South China double cropping super rice seedling. And the ideal morphological characteristics of South-China double cropping super-rice at seedling stage were improved.They are 35.0～38.9cm in the early crop and 33.5～37.8 cm in the late crop for the ideal plant height, 5.2～5.8 leaves in the early crop and 4.9～5.2 leaves in the late crop on the main stem,1.5～3.0 tillers in the early crop and 3.0～3.7 tillers in the late crop for the tillers per plant, 0.70-0.75cm in the early crop and 0.51～0.59cm in the late crop for the width of basal leaf sheath.

  Analysis on the Volatile Neutral Aromatic Components of Flue-cured Tobacco form Hunan and Henna Han Xiao-zhe 2008, 24 (10):  137-140.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 500650KB )   ( 940 ) 【Objective】In order to realize the differences in the contents of the volatile neutral aromatic components among different aroma style flue-cured tobacco between Hunan and Henan ,guide for the study of the reason of the differences of flue-cured tobacco between two provinces . 【Method】The test was in progress with the methods of GC/MS. 【Result】The results indicated that : in the volatile neutral aroma components, the degradation content of plastid pigments and browning reactions in upper leaves of Hunan were higher than that of Henan; but the degradation contents of aroma aminophenol , browning reactions and Neophytadiene in cutters of Hunan were lower than that of Henan. .【Conclusion】There is significant in the aroma of flue- cured tobacco between Hunan and Henan, and the content of aroma of in Henna is less than that of Hunan.

  Effects of water stress on the physiological characters of seedlings of different wheat varieties 2008, 24 (10):  141-145.  Abstract + ( 1413 )   PDF ( 587071KB )   ( 929 )

  Effect of Growth Inhibitor on the Stalk Characteristic, Assimilates Translocation and Yield of Winter Wheat 2008, 24 (10):  146-149.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 463374KB )   ( 801 ) Shimai15 is a water-saving and high yield new line, in order to know the effect of growth inhibitor on declining the length of stalk & preventing lodging and yield of wheat of shimai15 and others, experiment was done in spring by using PP333 and CCC. The result showed that growth inhibitor affected the stalk growth, declining the length of internode, but the earlier spraying time influenced the length of base internode obviously, the latter spraying time had more effects on the top stalk. The dry weight of stalk was reduced with applying of growth inhibitors and the translation of deposited matters from stalk to seed was promoted, which raised yield and show the effect of concentration gradient obviously. The experiment definituded the best application dosage of two growth inhibitors was 2250g昲m2(CCC), 450g昲m2(PP333) and the solution 450kg/hm2.

  New Technology for Sample’s Pre-process in NIR Analysis QIN Xi-Yung 2008, 24 (10):  150-152.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   PDF ( 437737KB )   ( 802 ) Abstract: Sample’s moisture content and granularity would have an important influence on NIR veracity. Pre-process methods have been used to NIR analysis to achieve better NIR veracity. With Yunnan flue-cured tobacco as study materials, we innovatively applied microwave fast dry technology and home pulverizer to tobacco’s pre-process which could finish the pre-process in 5 mins，faster than the traditional methods such as oven dryness and sift out. Results showed that: microwave fast dry technology could improve NIR analysis’s veracity when samples’ moisture content had a wide range; influence of samples’ granularity on NIR veracity could be eliminated after 25 secs home pulverizer shatter. This study can offer a new NIR pre-process method for NIR analysis workers to simplify NIR pre-process.

  Study of the Methods for the Discriminating Ability of Location for Sweet Maize Regional trials 2008, 24 (10):  153-156.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 443223KB )   ( 710 )

  The Selection and Evaluation of the Flue-cured Tobacco Varietie--- 2008, 24 (10):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1259 )   PDF ( 483397KB )   ( 739 ) MS8021,the maternal parant of "Liaoyan 16", is good in yield, resistance to TMV and many other diseases, but is difficult in flue-cured process. 3116, the paternal parant of "Liaoyan 16", is good in quality, flue-cured process, but is low in yield and disease-resistances. The research tests proved that "Liaoyan 16", a androgenesis hybrid, is good in various planting conditions,flue-cured process. The tobacco leaf is in golden color, oil shining, and contains proper contents. The smoking test shows 87.5% better than or equal to CK. It is highly resistant to TMV, PVY, black shank,brown spots,is midium in resistant to CMV. The regional tests within the whole country proved that it is a good flue-cured tobacco variety in all aspects.

  Effects of Spraying Fertilizers and Bactericides in Heading Stage on Yield and Quality of High Gluten Winter Wheat Xumai 27 2008, 24 (10):  161-163.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 393482KB )   ( 685 ) The high gluten winter wheat xumai 27 was used as an experimental material to study the effects of spraying Fertilizers and bactericides on grain yield and quality. The results indicated that there were noticeable effects of spraying fertilizers and bactericides on grain 1000-kernel weight, yield and quality. Spraying macroelement or microelemen could increase 1000-kernel weight, yield and improved wheat quality. There were different effects of spraying different medicaments on grain 1000-kernel weight, yield and quality of xumai 27. Perhaps there were interaction in fertilizers and bactericides, so spraying fertilizers and bactericides together should be used more cautiously. The best effect could be gained by spraying macroelement, microelement and penicillin together in this treatment. 1000-kernel weight, yield and total evaluation were increased obviously.

  林业科学

  Population Life table of Clostera anachoreta Fabricius in Transgenic hybrid poplar 741 2008, 24 (10):  164-170.  Abstract + ( 1127 )   PDF ( 737397KB )   ( 689 )

  Influence of FA on photosynthesis and transpiration 2008, 24 (10):  171-174.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   PDF ( 512639KB )   ( 810 ) Influence of FA on photosynthesis and transpiration rate of Populus Euramericana was researched.The result showed the effect of FA of 3.5 g•L-1 is the Best,which reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate by 29.1% and 26.3% Respectively; FA could promote photosynthetic rate;The leaf water potential was improved by 14.3%,it had an obvious prohibiting effect on the decrease of leaf water potential.

  Study on photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency of Plarakmeria lotongensis (Chun et C. Tsoong) Law 2008, 24 (10):  175-178.  Abstract + ( 1446 )   PDF ( 546490KB )   ( 709 ) Using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system, the photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency (WUE) of Plarakmeria lotongensis (Chun et C. Tsoong) Law) were explored in this paper. The results showed as follows: (1) light compensation point (LCP) of Plarakmeria lotongensis (Chun et C. Tsoong) Law) was 65.5μmol•m-2•s-1, light saturation point (LSP) was 1467μmol•m-2•s-1, and its apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) was 0.024; (2) Under sunlight condition, the diurnal variation of photosynthesis showed double-peak curve, and the peak value reached at 10︰00 and 16︰00, respectively, which revealed midday depression. And correlation analysis showed that the factors mainly affecting photosynthesis were transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); (3) The diurnal variation of transpiration was close to single peak curve, and its mainly affecting factors were atmospheric temperature (Ta), leaf temperature (Tl) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); (4) the diurnal variation of water use efficiency (WUE) showed inverse single peak curve.

  Comparison Study on the Moisture Content Ability of Different Vegetation Litterfall------a Case Study in Karst Rocky Desertification Region，Northwest of Guangxi 2008, 24 (10):  179-184.  Abstract + ( 1621 )   PDF ( 798693KB )   ( 769 ) Vegetation litterfall is one of the important component of forest ecosystem, it plays an important role in maintaining matter cycling and nutrient balancing, conserving water and soil for forest ecosystem.In order to study the moisture content ability of different vegetation litterfall, the author investigated on the spot and taken sample from the typical karst rocky desertification regions in the northwest of Guangxi such as Yizhou county, Huanjiang county , Pingguo county, etc. Through analysis and data statistical on relevant indexs such as exist litterfall amounts, conserving water characteristic and moisture content of soil of different vegetation, we made arrangement for the exist litterfall amounts, maximum water amounts conserved and maximum water rate conserved, soil moisture content of different vegetation form. The order of exist litterfall amounts from maximum value to Minimum value was: Oriental white oak forest, pine forest, mingled forest, Unisexual lily magnolia forest, pine and Tuart mix forest, Tuart forest, Winter Jasmine forest,Cedar forest. The order of the maximum rate of retention was: Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, single Sieboldii forest, Winter Jasmine forest, Oriental white oak forest, Sundry wood, Pine-Eucalyptus mixed forest, Eucalyptus forest plantations of pinus ellottii. The order of the soil water content was : Oriental white oak forest,Sundry wood, plantations of pinus ellottii, Pine-Eucalyptus mixed forest, Liquidambar forest, single Sieboldii forest, Eucalyptus forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest. By handling the experiment data and some factors such as economic cost and climate and geography were synthesisly considered, it is pointed out the optimization pattern of vegetation restoration which can improve the water maintenance of the soil, and provided the theory basis for Karst Rocky Desertification Region of ecosystem restoration in the northwest of Guangxi.

  The origination 、distribution 、regeneration and genetic diversity of Chinese beech 2008, 24 (10):  185-191.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 788239KB )   ( 1129 ) The genus Fagus is discontinuous distributing at semitropical mountainous area in the south of China,including F. longipetiolata、F. engleriana、F. lucida、F. hayatae and F. pashanica.Integrated the study of Europe and Japan , we discuss the origination of chinese beech in Eurasia, the growth and regeneration pattern of beech forest,and the Fagus genetic diversity.At the end of this paper,we made some expectations about the research of chinese beech in the future.

  The Effect of DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic on NR activity of Chinese seedling under the stress of Aluminum SU Xiao-qing SU 2008, 24 (10):  192-196.  Abstract + ( 1452 )   PDF ( 603470KB )   ( 662 ) Aluminum toxicity is one of the most important problems on the forest and environment to the world. Based on the identification of allelochemicals of Schima superba leaves, the design of the regressive rotation and water cultivate experiment were utilized to analyze the effect of various of pH value, the different concentration of active Al, nutrition and DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic on the NR activity of one-year Chinese fir seeding were done in this paper. The results showed that the different factors had different effect on the NR activity during the different period of active Al stress; The concentration of DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and the pH value had weak linearity, the interaction and coefficient of the each factor had degraded with prolong the period of Al stress;. As the concentration of Al, DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and nutrition in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR increased with the high of pH value along with the active Al stress; As the concentration of active Al, nutrition and pH value in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR was increased obviously with the strength of concentration of DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic; As the concentration of active Al, DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and pH value in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR increased with the concentration of nutrition during the different period of active Al stress.

  The iron effect study of early japonica anther culture in cold region 2008, 24 (10):  197-200.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   PDF ( 405389KB )   ( 717 ) Abstract: Iron is an important component in anther culture medium of rice. In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 early japonica combinations F1 of cool region (lines) in medium of different Fe2+ content , we found that Fe2+ content have greater impact in the induction rate and the rate of green plant on differentiation. The results showed that Fe2+ will be increased to 32-40 mg/kg had largest induced rate in N6 medium, higher than the N6 medium (Fe2+ content is 5.6mg/kg) 1.4 times more, in this within, with Fe2+ content increase, the induced rate increase, more than this content, the induced rate induce, showed a single peak of distribution. When Fe2+ content in differentiation medium increased to 40mg/kg, the differentiation rate was significantlylower. But the rate of green plant on the differentiation of callus was obvious differences in MS medium, which was induced in the medium of 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ content, about 71.4% of materials can improve the efficiency of anther culture to 9.2%.So, we consider that increasing the Fe2+ content in induced medium can increase anther culture efficiency of early japonica in cold region.

  Slash Pine’s Net Photosynthetic Rate and Diurnal Process Variation of different Alternation Tong Fangping 2008, 24 (10):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   PDF ( 549192KB )   ( 807 ) Study on different generations of slash pine net photosynthetic rate and its value to the process of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of the response pattern using the LI - 6400 portable photosynthesis system.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate of seedling had significant differences in the second-generation seed orchard , first-generation seed orchard and seed stands. Through genetic improvement net photosynthetic rate values of seedling from second-generation seed orchard and the first-generation seed orchard were lower than a generation of its increased 51.29% and 9.82 %; Nutrition instead of nitrogen and phosphorus excessive makes the ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase enzyme activity in leaves lower, thus decreased the net photosynthetic rate value of slash pine. However,the proper amount of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition can significantly improve the slash pine net photosynthetic rate value and its net photosynthetic rate higher than the control increase 70.31 %and 68.89 %.The second-generation seeds orchard, first-generation seed orchard and seed stands of pot slash pine net photosynthetic rate responding to the different levels of nitrogen nutrition in diurnal process exhibits a double peak type, first-generation seed orchard and seed stands of pot slash pine net photosynthetic rate responding to the different levels of phosphorus nutrition in the diurnal process exhibits a double peak type,but second-generation seeds orchard of pot slash pine net photosynthetic rate responding to the different levels of phosphorus nutrition in the process exhibits two models.

  农艺科学

  Review and Discussion of Guangxi Hybrid Rice Regional Trial Conducted in 2006 and 2007 Year 2008, 24 (10):  206-210.  Abstract + ( 1296 )   PDF ( 601889KB )   ( 757 ) The process of Guangxi hybrid rice trail conducted in 2006 and 2007 had been reviewed and through the analyzed data，some suggestions for further improvement of Guangxi hybrid rice trail were pointed out by the authors. The two years data of the trail shown that abundance of hybrid combinations were tested and more progresses on quantity, yield and quality of hybrid rice were obtained, but there are still some problems such as resistance to insect and disease , and the integrated traits, which affecting the breakthrough of hybrid rice breeding. So the authors suggested that the genetic bases of new hybrids should be expanded, through strengthening genetic utilization between indica rice and japonica rice, utilization of elite wild rice germplasm and to put resistance breeding of hybrid rice into important position of daily work. And make further improvement on integrated traits and their coordination forward to breeding super high yielding rice hybrids in the future.

  A Simulation Model for Dynamics of Cotton Height and Prediction 2008, 24 (10):  211-216.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 690098KB )   ( 822 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To development of a novel simulation model for dynamics of cotton height and diagnostic indexes and prediction method for cotton high yield production. 【METHOD】 Cotton plants height data collected from six sites of super-high-yield trails in two years were analyzed by date-plant height method, leaf number-plant height method and leaf number-relative plant height method, respectively. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the novel model based on leaf number-relative plant height had a wide applicability and possessed a high precision. And diagnostic indexes based on the new method were applicable and flexible. The new plant height prediction method was simple, practical and reliable. 【CONCLUSION】 leaf number-relative plant height method was not only suitable for cotton plant height prediction and diagnostic indexes determining, also could be tested extensively to other crops.

  Analysis on the Combining Ability and Utilization Potentiality of Maize Inbred Lines 2008, 24 (10):  217-221.  Abstract + ( 1739 )   PDF ( 514435KB )   ( 913 ) Using NC-Ⅱdesign , the combining ability of 15 characters of 16 maize inbred lines was analysed. The result showed that there were significant difference or more significant difference in combining abilitys of different inbred lines belong to p1 or p2 group.The order of total combining ability effect of p1 was : Zk01-1>Zk01-2>Zheng 58>9058>248>Zk01-3>Qi 319 .The order of total combining ability effect of p2 is: Chang 7-2>Zk02-2>Zk02-1>Lx9801>Yong 35-2>H21>Zk02-4>Zk02-3>Huangzao4. Zk01-1 and Zk01-2 that were improved from Zheng 58 have better utilization value in maize breeding . Zk02-2 and Zk02-1 that were improved from Chang 7-2 have better utilization value in maize breeding . Kernels per row and kernel length were the key factors of maize production , which should be the prior character in maize breeding .

  The Evaluation of Germplasms with Resistance to Fusariumwilt and verticillium wilt from Shaanxi cotton section xinghong-yi 2008, 24 (10):  222-227.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 545251KB )   ( 835 ) Abstract: Cotton germplasms from Shaanxi cotton section, with resistance to fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt, and mealtimes with high yield, excellent quality and tolerance for drought, were one of earliest resistant materials in china, After many of them, such as Shaan mian 4, Shaan mian 5, Shaan mian401, Shaan mian5245 and Shaan mian1155 and so on, were used by lots of others breeding units, more sixty famous varieties for example, Jin mian7, Ji mian14, 86-1, chuan mian56, Su mian5, Xin Lu zhong3, zhong17, zhong19, zhong23, zhong35 and zhong41, were bred, Germ plasms from Shaanxi cotton section and some varieties originating from them, which had covered 2×107hm2, had great effort on fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt. There by germplasms from Shaanxi cotton section as resistance materials were of great application value.

  Correlation，regression and path analysis between yield traits and yield of Zhongzheyou 1 Liu Wei-Ming 2008, 24 (10):  232-235.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 403219KB )   ( 828 ) In different yield levels, the constitutions of panicle, grain and grain weight of Zhongzheyou 1, a single cropping late paddy, were analyzed. Methods of correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were used to promote high-yielding and effective cultivation techniques as follows: besides necessary panicle amount, the direction is grain number per panicle and grain weight of one thousand grains.

  Effect of different irrigation methods on yield and quality of the japonica hybrid rice Wanhanyou 1 2008, 24 (10):  236-238.  Abstract + ( 986 )   PDF ( 390178KB )   ( 620 ) Effects of different irrigation style on rice yield and quality were studied, with paddy-upland medium-maturing japonica hybrid rice "wanhanyou1". The experimental results indicate that: Under no water layer irrigation, plant height was short, ear length, number of panicles, total number of grains per panicle and number of filled grains per panicle increased, while 1000-grain weight decreased. The yield respectively increased 14.1% and 8.2% in two test years. Under no water layer irrigation, chalky rice rate and chalkiness decreased, gel consistency improved, brown rice rate and amylose content increased, grain length become length, grain width narrowed, and head milled rice rate slightly decreased. Rice quality was improved under no water layer irrigation.

  Research on Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Four Maize Varieties such as Jindan 35 etc. 2008, 24 (10):  239-242.  Abstract + ( 1247 )   PDF ( 440057KB )   ( 720 ) In this study, data of four maize varieties such as indexes of leaf area, photosynthetic potential，net assimilating rate and accumulation of dry matter were com pared. These four maize varieties were Jindan 35, Hengfeng 1, Nongda 3138 and JIndan 34.The results showed: in the whole breeding periods, change of indexes of leaf area, photosynthetic potential of four varieties possessed the trend that prior rose and then gradually dropped. In different breeding periods, Jindan 35's data such as indexes of leaf area, photosynthetic potential were higher than those of other three varieties; the changes of net assimilating rate of the four varieties were prior decline then rise and then gradual descending. In terms of net assimilating rate, Hengfeng 1's was highest and Jindan35 's lowest. The order of accumulation of dry matter was Hengfeng 1, then Jndan 35, Nongda 3138, the last one was Jindan 34.

  Introduction of Maize Production in USA 2008, 24 (10):  243-247.  Abstract + ( 1335 )   PDF ( 580690KB )   ( 858 ) First creation hybrid maize is American, which is number one country in maize production, economy power, advantage technology, maize plant acreage under cultivation, total production and maize export in the world. The statistics in 1980s indicated that American maize acreage under cultivation is 28.215 million hectares, which accounts for 20 percent of that of the world. Total maize production of American is 22 230.8 thousand tons, which account for 36.7 percent of that of the world. Maize unit yield of American is 7240 kg per hectare, which is more than 1 time of that of the world. It summarized American maize production, including maize plant by division into districts, maize production specialization, utilization of maize heterosis and corn comprehensive control technology of the diseases, insects and harmful weed.

  Efects of Different Density on the Grain Yield and Physiological Parameter for Maize Zhengdan23 Ming-you ZHANG 2008, 24 (10):  248-250.  Abstract + ( 1207 )   PDF ( 365008KB )   ( 856 ) The effects of plant density on the grain yield and quality of zhengdan23 was studied under 30000,37500,45000,52500,60 000,67500,75000 plants／ha．The results showed that the grain yield increased first and then decreased with the increasing density．The grain yield reached supreme 9141.67 kg in 52500 plants/ha.

  农业基础科学

  Study on Comprehensive Evaluation Method of New Crop Varieties in Regional Test Based on Multi-objective Relational Analysis 2008, 24 (10):  251-255.  Abstract + ( 1390 )   PDF ( 538819KB )   ( 784 ) In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation method of new crop varieties in regional test based on multi-objective relational analysis is presented. The method not only estimated the value of crop varieties impersonally, but also debased the difficulty of comprehensive evaluation method on Regional test evidently. This paper provided a means to make a decision scientifically for the department on breeding, research and popularize. The author gave an effective new analysis method for the superior factor analysis of biology system and the comprehensive evaluation of single factor experimentation.

  农艺科学

  Research on Characters of SP1 Generation of Wheat Lines by Space Flight 2008, 24 (10):  256-259.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 506128KB )   ( 759 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The purpose of this paper was analyze the characters of the wheat variety which had experienced the space. 【METHOD】Yan2070, Yannong24, Yannong19, Yannong21, which had sufficient purity and quantity, were used and experienced the space light of “Shi Jian 8”. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the characters of wheat seedling stage appeared the distinct changes. SP1 plants had high germination rate, low emergence rate and seedling survival rate, and occurred albino seedlings. But SP1 plants didn’t show distinct changes in tillering ability and frost resistance. This indicated that space flight may reduce the ability to resist environment condition of wheat at seedling stage. The variation rates of four wheat lines were 2%~3%. The characters of SP1 variation plants at maturity stage also appeared big changes. SP1 variation plants had short growing period, high seed setting rate, loose plant-type and clavated spike-type. There were not consistent change in plant height, the number of spike grain and the weight of 1000 kernel among four lines. 【CONCLUSION】Some variations mutated by space flight could appeared at the present generation. The variation of space flight may advantageous or disadvantageous, and may stochastic or be related with the line genetic characteristics.

  Screening for weak gluten resources from mini-core collections of Chinese wheat varieties 2008, 24 (10):  260-263.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   PDF ( 398687KB )   ( 899 ) Elite germplasm resource is the base of wheat breeding. The protein quality of 261 Chinese mini-core collection germplasms and 54 application-core collection germplasms were identified in 2006 and 2007 in Yangzhou. 19 germplasms with low protein content and 12 germplasms with low SDS-sedimentation value were screened out, 4 of them could be determined as high quality weak gluten germplasms, and be used in weak gluten wheat breeding.

  植物生理科学

  Study on Activities of Phospholipase D in Responding to Cold Stress in Triticum aestivum L. 2008, 24 (10):  264-267.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   PDF ( 531642KB )   ( 803 ) Abstract: The activities of phospholipase D in response to cold stress had been studied using artificial climate chamber in the seedling stage of winter wheat. The experimental data showed that the activities of PLD had been highly expressed in leaves at germinating and seedling stage. In response to cold stress, PLD was transiently induced regardless of wheat cultivars, and the activity change pattern of cold-sensitive winter wheat cultivar was different with cold-resist cultivars. Taken together, our data suggested a role of PLD in cold stress in plants.

  Study on the Changes of Photosynthetic Characters in Flag Leaf after Full Heading Stage of Super Rice 2008, 24 (10):  268-271.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   PDF ( 476097KB )   ( 865 ) The changes of chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and Rubisco activity in flag leaf after full heading stage of five varieties with different yield levels in the first accumulated temperature zone of Hei longjiang province were studied in this experiment. The results show that the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and Rubisco activity in flag leaf of varieties of high yield were higher than the varieties of low yield and had great difference in these varieties. So research the changes of chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and Rubisco activity in flag leaf after full heading stage of different varieties as a measure in breeding of high photosynthetic efficiency and super high yield of rice is useful in cold region.

  Effect of elevated CO2 on yield and metabolism of carbohydrate during grain filling in Rice 2008, 24 (10):  272-275.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 538301KB )   ( 917 ) Abstract: （OBJECTIVE）FACE (free air carbon dioxide enrichment) technology is capable of providing a means by which the environment around growing plants may be modified to realistically simulate future concentrations of atmospheric CO2. The plant growth and yields in plant species can be enhanced under FACE. Identifying the response of metabolism of carbohydrate during grain filling to elevated CO2 will be useful for us to develop higher yield cultivars, adapting to future CO2 enriched at current CO2 concentration （METHOD）The accumulation and transfer of carbohydrate during grain filling and yield of IR24 were studied under FACE. （RESULTS）The results showed carbohydrate conten of stem under FACE was always higher than that under CK during grain filling, but the rate of carbohydrate transfer under FACE was lower than that of CK during 15d~30d. Additionly, FACE significantly increased yield compoments of IR24. （CONCLUSION）The above results showed FACE enhanced yield and the accumulation of carbohydrate in stem of rice, but the transfer rate was different during grain filling.

  Research Progress on Plant Polysaccharide Structure and its Isolition Purification 2008, 24 (10):  276-279.  Abstract + ( 1360 )   PDF ( 515259KB )   ( 1310 ) The plant polysaccharide has widely biological activity, such as immunological regulation, the anti-tumor, anti-fatigue, reducing blood sugar,the anti-virus, anti-oxidation and so on. Also，plant polysaccharides have less vice-effect，high curative effect，etc． This paper reviews the structure and isolition purification of research progress on plant polysaccharides.

  The Research of Cadmium Accumulation and Mechanism in Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. 2008, 24 (10):  280-285.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   PDF ( 733803KB )   ( 685 ) Biomass and contents of Cd in the abovegrounds of Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.. were determined in this experiment proceeded in the pots, as well as some biochemical indicators , including soluble protein, chlorophyll, membrane permeability in leaves, in which the anylsis of the relationship and Cd concentration in solution was also taken in the experiment that was due to provide a scientifically theoretical basis for the phytoremidiation in the soils contamminated by Cd with S. androgynus. The results presented that Cadmium contents in roots, stems and leaves increased gradually with treated concentrations rising in the experiment, and the change of Cadmium content in root was the most insignificant among them, in which the contents of Cd had all been more than the hyperaccumulators critical value, when the concentration 50 mg/kg was in solution. and when 400 mg/kg, contents of Cd in roots, stems and leaves were up to respectively 6566.00、948.46 mg/kg and 20.39 mg/kg, but 800 mg/kg had resulted in the death of S. androgynus. Under the concentrations of CK-T2, A/R and transfer coefficient were both more than 1, but when concentration reached T3-T6, there was a slight decrease in transfer coefficient. the difference among membrane permeability, biomass and chlorophl was no insignificant on the level of 5% , and contents of soluble protein increased from 0 to 50 mg/kg, the content of chlorophl, biomass and soluble protein, while, fell down when concentration in solution was from 100~400mg/kg, but membrane permeability was on the contrary, the results indicated that S. androgynus was a kind of hyperaccumulator in Cd, with critical value of 50 mg/kg, above which would cause poison in S. androgynus, and even dead when it was up to 800mg/kg; transfer coefficient would decrease with the increase in treated concentrations, which show that plant would protest Cd against transferring to above-grounds and causing poison.

  Response of Physiological Characteristics of Photosynthesis of Magnolia denudata to Combined Heavy Metals Stress in Antimony Mine Area Soil Tong Fangping 2008, 24 (10):  286-290.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   PDF ( 576752KB )   ( 854 ) To assess the effect of pollution by compound heavy metals in antimony mine area soil on physiological characteristics of photosynthesis of Magnolia denudate, the pot experiments were conducted for Magnolia denudata seedlings cultivated in heavily polluted soil, slightly polluted soil, and not polluted soil. And the diurnal variation of physiological characteristics of photosynthesis of Magnolia denudate under heavy metals stress were studied with the Li-6400 portable photosynthetic system. The following results were found in the experiments: in pot experiments the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn)of Lianmeng and Duizhao presented a single-peak curve, and the maximum value occurred at about 12:30, the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of Changlongjie was unregular, the photosynthetic capacity of three treatments from high to low was Lianmeng ＞ Duizhao＞ Changlongjie, heavy metals stress had an inhibitory effect on photosynthesis of plant; There was a significant positive correlation between stomatal conductance(Cs) and transpiration rate (Tr) during the diurnal variation(Lianmeng 0.981**, Changlongjie 0.829*, Duizhao 0.87*). The transpiration rate (Tr) was determined by the status of stomatal activity to a great extent. So the controlling factor of photosynthetic rate was non-stomatal limitation. It was also found that the heavier the metal pollution the weaker is the ability of Magnolia denudate to adapt to environmental conditions (Duizhao ＞Lianmeng＞ Changlongjie).

  Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatment on Endogenous Hormones of Postharvest Broccoli 2008, 24 (10):  291-295.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 614004KB )   ( 1219 ) The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on chlorophyll content, ethylene production and endogenous hormones of postharvest broccoli (Brassica olracea L. var. italica) were investigated. Results showed that the degradation of chlorophyll in florets was delayed, and the sensitivity of broccoli to ethylene was reduced by 1-MCP treatments. 1-MCP could also delay the degradation of GA and the accumulation of ABA. The ratio of ABA/GA and ABA/IAA of broccoli after 1-MCP treatment increased slowly.

  土壤肥料科学

  Analyzing on Soil Nutrient and Fertilization Conditions in the north plain of Henan province 2008, 24 (10):  296-299.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 496543KB )   ( 875 ) Utilizing GPS to make an orientation accurately, soil sampling was carried out by the reseau way (20 km×20km) in the north plain of Henan province, Meanwhile, also was investigation of agricultural production condition and peasant fertilization practice. Soil sample assay results showed that: the soil nutrient was middling level in general. Compared with results of the second soil overall survey, the content of soil nutrient has changed obviously. The soil organic matter and Avail P content are improved notably, while the soil Avail N and Avail K content are decreased. The investigation results revealed: more than 90 percent peasant households adopt straws to return the field, and pay attention to apply chemical fertilizers, especially the nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers, but ignore the potassium fertilizers. There exist some problems, such as fertilizer nutrient single, the nutrient proportion no-scientific and the way of fertilization unreasonable. Some scientific and reasonable measures should be carried out: using more organic manure, popularizing straw to soil, reducing phosphorus fertilizer application rates, supplying potassium fertilizers, using compound and slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizers. Government and agricultural science and technology department should pay more attention to propagandize and carry out technique of balanced fertilizers application.

  Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Quality of Tomato SONGDONGTAO SONG 2008, 24 (10):  300-305.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 745695KB )   ( 1109 ) The effect of different organic fertilizers on the growth、nutrient balance and fruit quality of tomato was studied in the organic agriculture field. The fertilizers used in the experiment were farm manure 、commercial organic fertilizer 、biogas residues and which under the same N input condition. and on this basis, included commercial organic fertilizer was designed to three fertilization levels. The results showed that: With limited amounts, all the treatments can advance tomato growth markedly. the plant height、stem diameter、the bud number and Chlorophyll content were better than CK, and which could increase the yield markedly. under the same N input condition, all fertilizers increase yield by 9.2%-14.4%. the balance indexes of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in organic fertilizer,which is ratio of amount of supplied nutrient to amount of absorbed nutrient by plants, were limited between 3.06~3.35、7.77~23.65、1.66~2.88 respectively. Use efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in organic fertilizer were limited between 7.37%~9.51%、1.49%~4.39%、9.10%~15.32% respectively. With increase of organic fertilizer rate, there was no markedly effect in promoted the nutrient absorption. nutrients use efficiency decreased and the balance indexes increased by more fertilizer application. With limited amounts could increased soluble sugar content、the soluble solids、vitamin C and sugar-acidity rate，reduced nitrate content in plant，and increased fruit quality of tomato. The research showed that: Utilization of Organic Waste Resources could increase the yield and improved the quality. Excessive fertilization could not improve the yield and quality,increased risk of environmental pollution oppositely.

  Effects of Long-term Located Fertilization on dynamic changes of total Sulphur in the non-calcareous Fluro-aquic soil LIU Shu-Tang 2008, 24 (10):  306-309.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 445353KB )   ( 644 ) This experiment was done in the 30 years fixed position experiment of non-calcareous fluro-aquic soil in 2007. The effects of long-term located fertilization on dynamic changes of total S were studied. The results indicated that: the contents of soil total Sulphur was improved in the treatment which application of inorganic nitrogen fertilize, organic fertilizer and combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and combined application of of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.But the more organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilize was used, the more contents of soil total Sulphur was increased.The contents of soil total Sulphur in the treatment of the higher organic fertilize and the lower organic fertilize was improved average 39.9% and 20.2% respectively,compares with the CK.It can be increased average 92.2%,115.6%,70.6% and 115.1% respectively in the treatment of combined application of higher organic fertilizer and higher inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and lower inorganic nitrogen fertilizer ,lower organic fertilizer and higher inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and lower inorganic nitrogen fertilizer compares with the CK. The contents of soil total Sulphur was increased 57.8% and 116.8% in the treatment of N2PK, N2P, but the accumulation of the total Sulphur was highest in the treatment of N2P compares with other treatments, it has attained by 883.3 mg.kg-1 and 265.2 mg.kg-1 in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers.

  Study on rubber plantation space-time variation characters of soil fertility quality indices in Hainan province 2008, 24 (10):  310-316.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   PDF ( 670185KB )   ( 708 ) 202 soil 0~20cm mixed samples of present rubber plantations and the second countrywide general soil survey profile data of the natural tropical rain forest and the tropical bush lawn soil corresponding to the present rubber plantations were used to analyze space-time variation characters of soil fertility quality indices, such as soil pH, soil organic matter, soil nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium，and so on. The results show the soil pH value and the content level of the phosphorus/potassium change remarkably, otherwise, coefficient variations of the soil pH value, the organic matter content, the content level of the phosphorus/potassium change differently after planting rubber tree in Hainan different regions.

  Study on the character of nutrition release and influence factors of melamine waste LIANG Ying 2008, 24 (10):  317-321.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 592682KB )   ( 755 ) Based on the laboratory analysis of nutrition in melamine waste, simulation experiment was conducted to study the effects of temperature, moisture and pH on the nutrition release. The result showed that the melamine waste contained 50.01% of nitrogen and it released very slowly, so it could be reuse as the material to produce the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer; With the increase of temperature and water content , total nitrogen, available nitrogen and NH4+-N were all improved ,but the amplitude of NH4+-N and available nitrogen were not remarkable as total nitrogen; In the alkaline soil，it is propitious to the release of nutrition and the total nitrogen improved obviously, but it was not good to the accumulation of NH4+-N.

  Effect of long term fertilizer application on crop yield and fertilizer use efficiency in red soil Wang Bo-Ren 2008, 24 (10):  322-326.  Abstract + ( 1395 )   PDF ( 575724KB )   ( 753 ) Abstract: 13 years continual monitoring was conducted in up land in red soil region. The results showed as follows. The fertilizer use efficiency and crops yield were decreased step by step under long term chemical fertilizer applied. Yield of corn increased by 213% and wheat by 96% in average in N treatment compared with control (CK) in the former 5 years. After 10 years, the yield of corn and wheat reduced by 45% and 85% in respectively. The same phenomena were obtained in NP, NK and NPK treatments. The fertilizer use efficiency and yield of corn and wheat were increased calmly and lightly in NPKM and M treatments. Chemical nitrogen fertilizer applied was an absolutely necessarily technical and measure in red soil region for the purpose of improving quality of corm and wheat. The impact of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on quality of corm and wheat was better than that of organic nitrogen fertilizers.

  Study on nitrogen mineralization and its effects on quality of flue-cured tobacco Hai-hong GU 2008, 24 (10):  327-333.  Abstract + ( 1342 )   PDF ( 921965KB )   ( 1089 ) Among nutrients necessary for plant growth, nitrogen is both the most important and the most sensitive for the yield and the quality of flue-cured tobacco. In tobacco production, the nitrogen maintaining the tobacco plant growth and development not only derives from fertilizer nitrogen, but also from soil mineralization nitrogen which occupies an important position on tobacco nitrogen nutrient. There are many researches on the contribution of soil mineralization nitrogen to vegetables and food crops production, whereas the studies about the effects of mineralization nitrogen on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco are still rare. To address this issue, the paper summarized the influence factors and the experiment methods of soil nitrogen mineralization. Meanwhile, it analyzed the effects of mineralization nitrogen on nitrogen accumulation and distribution and nicotine concentration of flue-cured tobacco. At last, it made some expectations on the research directions.

  Soil Middle-microelements Nutrients in Tobacco-growing Areas of Fujian Province and Solution to Fertilization 2008, 24 (10):  334-337.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   PDF ( 474724KB )   ( 740 ) The middle-microelements nutrients in 557 soil samples collected from 3 regions of tobacco-growing areas in Fujian provinces were analyzed．The results showed that the average content of exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, available sulfur, water-soluble B , water-soluble Cl , available Zn, Cu, Fe were 1059.3±395.3mg/kg、171.2±125.3 mg/kg、34.1±21.7 mg/kg、0.18±0.14mg/kg、23.5±11.8 mg/kg、1.99±1.30mg/kg、2.84±1.56mg/kg , 216.6±98.2mg/kg , respectively。26.2% of soil in tobacco-growing areas were short of Ca , 12.4% of soil in tobacco-growing areas were short of Mg, and Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or MgO should be applied. 42.2% of soil in tobacco-growing areas were short of S, the water-soluble B of soil in tobacco-growing areas was deficiency in general, the water-soluble Cl of soil in tobacco-growing areas was suitable for tobacco growth, available Cu, Fe, Zn of soil in tobacco-growing areas was enrichment . The fertilization suggestion of spraying B was recommended.

  Evaluation of Integrated Soil Fertility of Dark Red Wettish Ferralsol at Rubber Plantation in Hainan Province and Study on Spatial-Temporal Distribution She Guilian 2008, 24 (10):  338-343.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 665562KB )   ( 559 ) This paper evaluates the soil fertility of dark red humid ferralsol for rubber plantation in Hainan province. The evaluating results indicate the soil fertility of dark red humid ferralsol for rubber plantation is low in different tapping years, and the integrated evaluation index is from 0.24 to 0.50. In different tapping years, the integrated evaluation index of soil fertility is 0～10 years（0.26）＞30～years（0.24）＞10～20 years（0.23）＞20～30 years（0.23）, all of these are under 0.4. In different latitude, the integrated evaluation index of soil fertility is Haikou（0.35）＞Lingao（0.25）＞Chengmai（0.24）＞Wenchang（0.23）, and in different longitude is Dingan（0.50）＞Haikou（0.35）＞Qionghai（0.34）＞Wanning（0.23）. The integrated soil fertility in different tapping years and region is inferior.

  园艺园林科学

  The Introduction of rubus idaeus L in HeFei y y 2008, 24 (10):  344-346.  Abstract + ( 1060 )   PDF ( 475158KB )   ( 647 ) Ten species of raspberry (rubus idaeus L) were introduced from Beijing ,Jilin and other places in 2003. Technology of the introduction and cultivation were studied by us. The results showed Black Lines and shun K2 cultivar grow best ,which began to fructify one year after introducted , enter best fruiting period in the third year. They are luxuriant and have a good adaptability, delicious taste, better prospects of the market.

  The light distribution of different tree shapes and light utilization in “Fuji” apple tree 2008, 24 (10):  347-350.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 628476KB )   ( 863 ) In order to get insight into the light distribution and light energy utilization of six types of tree shapes, the distribution of relative light radiation and its effects on photosynthetic rate, specific leaf weight and photosynthetic pigment content were detected and evaluated in different tree shapes of Fuji apple. Results showed that the relative light level and light energy utilization of high stem and open center shape as well as small and sparse canopy shape were better than others tested. Double canopy shape and spindle shape took second place, while big canopy shape and center shape had the lowest light distribution. Light distribution effected distinctly on specific leaf weight and chlorophl content in all tree shapes tested. In six tree shapes, the light distribution intensities of high stem and open center shape as well as small and sparse canopy were suitable for apple production。

  Research on Resistant to Tomato Late Blight Disease 2008, 24 (10):  351-359.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 1171828KB )   ( 1010 ) Tomato late blight disease that infected by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is a worldwide fatal fungal disease.The research progress on tamato late blight was simmarized, including the biological character of phytophthora infestans,races,host resistance and resistance to Phytophthora infestans breeding,some questions and future studies were also discussed.

  The Cornamental Haracteristics of Wild Orchids in Hainan David P’eng 2008, 24 (10):  360-365.  Abstract + ( 1879 )   PDF ( 1027998KB )   ( 1185 ) For providing references to protecting and utilizing wild orchids in Hainan Province, the great mass of wild orchids in Hainan were designed for experimentation in Hainan Province. Systemically observation and assessment on the cornamental haracteristics of wild orchids in Hainan Province. They were classified in 6 types according to enjoyment characteristic, viz. big flowers (23 species), many flowers (23 species), long inflorescence (15 species), even longer inflorescence (8 species), panicle (12 species) and fragrance (21species). Simultaneity, 62 initial species were screening for development and utilization direct. From the gardens enjoyment angle, they can be divided into 4 types: flowering type (15 species), foliage plant (3 species), flowering & foliage plant (27 species) and plant type (17 species).

  Research on regulation florescence controlled by hydroponics of detached peach branch 2008, 24 (10):  366-368.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 425690KB )   ( 868 ) This paper discussed the effect of budburst detached peach branch with different chemicals, different temperature and different grads by hydroponics. The result shows that all different chemicals can bring forward the time of the first bud burst in different degree, and GA3 or CTK can make the budburst rate exceed 50%, this explain these is very availability to break bud dormancy; after the need of cold satisfied, different temperature affect flower budburst rate great, constant temperature cause branch sear and death easily, fluctuating temperature and room temperature is good for flower budburst; different hydroponics gradients has no effect on budburst.

  The manufacturing process and preservation technique of the dried flower 2008, 24 (10):  369-372.  Abstract + ( 2268 )   PDF ( 596413KB )   ( 1903 ) Abstract: Dried flower included the dried flower, leaves, fruits and so on. The flowers materials dried by air, physics or chemical process, which contain the natural shape and colorful, so that the dried flower hold long time preservation and convenient as that of artifical flowers. And more and more people favor it. The flowers can be dried by air drying, pressing, borax, desiccant, glycerine, microwave. It is necessary of dustproof and resistant fading in preservation. The review of the manufacturing process and preservation technique of the dried flower and provide information for produced.

  Study on High Efficient Reproduction System of Kiwifruit in vitro Culture 2008, 24 (10):  373-376.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 484681KB )   ( 704 ) To establish the high regeneration system of Kiwifruit in vitro culture the stem segment and apex explants in Actinidia was studied in this paper. After having gained in vitro plantlet successfully different of hormonal concentration combinations were added in MS and the 1/2 MS medium to study the effect of hormonal combinations with different concentrations on shoot induction and root induction. In initial culture of stem segment the plantlet had been gained successfully and grown well in the medium of MS +1.0 mg•L-1 6-BA +0.1 mg•L-1NAA. In the medium of MS +2.0 mg•L-1 6-BA +0.1 mg•L-1 NAA the rates of induction budding from leaf and petiole were 1.38， 5.13 respectively. The results showed that concentrations of IBA was 0.9 mg•L-1 and 0.6 mg•L-1 added in 1/2 MS in rooting culture medium were effective to shoot in vitro rooting， of which the total root length， the average root length and root number was higher than other treatments. The survive rate of plantlet transplanted into the substrate composed of 30% perlite and 70 % peat-moss was 80%.The result of this study has laid a foundation for rapid propagation in kiwifruit.

  Effect of Liquid Pollination Stabilizers and Nutrition Agents and on Fruit Setting of Pear in Shanxi NIU Zi-Mian 2008, 24 (10):  377-380.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   PDF ( 517872KB )   ( 628 ) In order to improve the fruit setting and fruit quality of pear in Shanxi province, the technology approach of liquid pollination was newly formed in this experience by the selecting of nutrition agents and stabilizers composition. The result showed that: (1) the treatment of stabilizer A2 , composed mainly by rare-earth element, was significantly higher than the treatment A3, and treatment A3 was obviously higher than the treatment A1 , manpower pollination and conventional liquid pollination treatments. (2) The treatment of nutrition agents B1 and B2, composed mainly by amino acid, were significantly higher than that of manpower pollination and formal liquid pollination treatment, increased fruit setting by 22-25%. (3)The setting rate of the multiple treatment of A2B2 was higher than that of other treatments, and it once reached 61.8-70.6% after flowering 10d; The setting rate of A3B1, A2B1 , A3B1 and manpower pollination reached 50% or so, which were higher than that of conventional liquid pollination.(4)After the multiple treatments of nutrition agents and stabilizers, fruit quality was improved in some degree at harvest. The contents of volatile aromas and SSC in fruits increased significantly by the treatment of A2B1 and A3B1; the contents of protein were also significantly higher in 2005, but not in 2004.

  Research Progress on the Flowering and Fruit Set of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge 2008, 24 (10):  381-384.  Abstract + ( 1605 )   PDF ( 550569KB )   ( 1150 ) Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is China own wood oil plant, and it has great economical, environment benefit and synthesis value in use．But the development of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge has enormously affected by the low fruit set rate and unstable yield．This article described the flowering，fruit set habit and analyzed the rules and causes of flower and fruit dropping. This article put forward some techniques and methods to improve flower and fruit set rate, such as management of fruit trees，nutrient and water regimes and chemical technology，etc．In order to provide theory base of improve fruit set rate in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge production.

  Study on Solar Greenhouse Environmental Variation and its Relation with the Matrix of Potted Flowers 2008, 24 (10):  385-389.  Abstract + ( 1437 )   PDF ( 579637KB )   ( 737 ) It is important for the solar greenhouse to study the environment index of greenhouse inside and it will improve the performance of greenhouse and the adaptability of crop on environment. This paper studied the change rule of solar greenhouse environment and its relation with the matrix of potted flowers. The results showed that the temperature, intense of illumination of single or double-layer membrane solar greenhouse elevated differently along with the outdoor temperature and intense of illumination elevating, but the peak of temperature appeared at the same time with the intense of illumination. Change of the temperature and illumination intense of greenhouse would be kept smooth after using artificial management, and wave of the temperature and illumination intense of double-layer membrane solar greenhouse were more calmly than that of single-layer membrane solar greenhouse; The temperature and water content of potted matrix were affected by indoor environment, The speed of temperature rise and drop of double- or single-layer membrane greenhouse were smaller compared with outside. The matrix temperature and the water transpiration rate elevated along with temperature, light elevating indoors, and their transpiration capacity would come to a peak from 12 to 18 o'clock whether plant or potted matrix.

  In vitro Preservation of Germplasm of Oolong Tea Trees (Camellia sinensis) in FujianⅡ—Subculturing Multiplication and Rooting Formation of Aseptic Lines from Adult Stem Nodes 2008, 24 (10):  390-395.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 864535KB )   ( 545 ) In this experiment the ramification from tea adult stem nodes was used as materials for the preliminary study on subculturing multiplication and rooting formation in Camellia sinensis cv Tieguanyin. The obtained results showed that the best medium for subculturing multiplication of tea adult stem nodes was 1/2MS＋1.0 mg/L6-BA＋0.2mg/LIAA＋0.2mg/LGA3 supplemented with 8g/L agarose and 30g/L sucrose, pH5.6. The average multiplication rate was 7.57 and the highest could come up to 13. The optimal medium for rooting formation of aseptic lines from adult stem nodes was 1/2MS＋3mg/LIBA＋30g/L sucrose＋7g/L agarose; further more the rooting rate improved with prolonging subculturing time, while the days of rooting formation shortened.

  The Effect of Cell Membrane Permeability and Two Endogenous Hormones on Fruit Firmness of Crisp Peach before and after Ripening 2008, 24 (10):  396-399.  Abstract + ( 1257 )   PDF ( 504864KB )   ( 816 ) Peach fruits of ‘Shuangjiuhong’ and ‘Kawanakajima Hakuto’ (control) were used to study the effects of MDA、relative conductivity、ABA and GA contents related to fruit firmness during 20 days before & after ripening. The results showed that MDA content、relative conductivity and ABA content of ‘Shuangjiuhong’ were significantly lower than these of ‘Kawanakajima Hakuto’ (P<0.01); however, GA content of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter since the 15th day before ripening (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that it was fearfully marked negative correlation among the fruit firmness, MDA content、relative conductivity and ABA content in two cultivars (P<0.01)；it was fearfully marked positive correlation between the fruit firmness and GA content in ‘Shuangjiuhong’, and marked merely positive correlation between the fruit firmness and GA content in ‘Kawanakajima Hakuto’ (P<0.05).

  Micropropagation of ‘Luo Yang Hong’ Peony in vitro 2008, 24 (10):  400-404.  Abstract + ( 1669 )   PDF ( 648817KB )   ( 900 ) The ‘Luo Yang Hong’ peony cultured in vitro was studied for effect of basic media, combination of plant growth regulators, incubation condition, and anti-browning material on subculture status, rooting ability, and browning. The results showed that DKW medium was a suitable basic medium for ‘Luo Yang Hong’ Peony’s subculture. Supplying of 2.0～3.0mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L IAA or 0.05mg/L NAA could benefit the subculture, but supplying of ZT did not have positive result. The plantlets incubated at 20~25℃ had no significant difference in terms of the number of propagating buds, but the plantlets were aging and dead faster at 30℃. The 1/2MS basic medium supplied with 2.0mg/L NAA or 0.2mg/L IAA and 2.0mg/L IBA could help the inducing of adventitious roots. The supplying of 0.5g/L PVP in media of subculture and rooting could mitigate browning and promote differentiation of subculture plantlets, but had no significant effect on rooting.

  Tissue Culture of hundred year old - Chimonanthus praecox(L.)Link and Transplanting and Cultivating of Tube-plants Hui ZHang,Min Xiao,Lili SHan,Ting He,Yifei Wang,Jianhua Huang,Yunxia CHu,ZHong Liu 2008, 24 (10):  405-408.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   PDF ( 560002KB )   ( 637 ) The purpose of this research is to improve efficiency of tissue culture and transplanting and cultivating of tissue culture derived-plantlets of hundred year old-Chimonanthus praecox(L.)Link. Using annual branch as material, shoot inducing, rapid propagation, rooting and cultivation were studied. The results showed that the 1/2MS(1/2 of macroelements) as basic media was super to Read、WPM、N6, propagation coeifficient was increased and frequency of explants browning was decreased by supplemented with 2.0mg/L 2iP, 0.2mg/L IAA, 0.5 mg/L GA3 and 1.5-5.0mg/L PVP in inducing media, the number of vitreous buds were decreased by reducing hormone concentration, the frequency of rooting was 75% in media containing 0.5mg/L IBA and 0.05mg/L NAA. Transplanting survival rate of tube-plantlets could be improved by hardening plantlets for 1-2 days and maintained humidity for 14 days. The growth of tube-plants was promoted by holding weeds and root-vigor be increased by controlling the level of groundwater.

  The Phylogenetic Relationships of Eight Acer Species Based on Evidences from ITS Sequences 2008, 24 (10):  409-412.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   PDF ( 507989KB )   ( 802 ) In this study, the sequences of nrDNA ITS from eight varieties of Acer species were analyzed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The sequences of PCR products were about 750 bp including the whole ITS 1, 5.8 s, ITS 2 sequence and partial 18 s, 26 s rRNA gene fragment. The length of ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were 221~236bp and 231~237 bp respectively. There were distinct variant sites between the ITS sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of eight varieties of Acer species was carried out on the basis of ITS and the homology relation among them was elucidated from the molecular level, which provide the basis for the selecting of rootstock in the grafting of Acer Platanoides ‘Royal Red’.

  植物保护科学

  Fermentation Conditions for Antagonistic Bacterium CE against Monilinia fruticola 2008, 24 (10):  413-418.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 651785KB )   ( 714 ) The composition of fermented broth and fermentation conditions were optimized by monofactorial and orthogonal experiment. Combination and content of the C and N sources, as well as mental ions, have different effect on the growth and antagonistic effect of bacterium CE. The broth composed of 4.5% corn flour and 0.15% yeast extract is better for both growth and antagonistic effect of CE. Adding of Fe3+ can promote both growth and antagonistic effect. The antagonistic effect of bacterium CE is correlation with growth under the studied conditions in a certain extent, that is, the antagonistic effect is increased with the growth of CE. The most preferable condition is 30℃, pH7, 140r/min, 10% inoculation, and fermented for 60h.

  Introduction of Several Methods to Control Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) 2008, 24 (10):  419-426.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 408723KB )   ( 679 ) Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a worldwide destructive disease of wheat in the warm, semi-humid or humid regions, especially serious in China. The disease not only causes significant losses in yield and reduces grain quanlity, but also induces toxin to contaminated seeds, which is harmful to the healthy of human and livestocks, So it is important to control it. There are several methods to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). Such as using Crop rotation, Soil cultivation and Fertiliser, biological control, Fungicides control, transgenes, resistance to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). All of these methods gain some effect, but also exist their deficiency. Sometimes crop rotation had no significant effect on DON contamination of wheat grain, subsequent reductions in DON contamination were inconsistent when using Soil cultivation and Fertiliser, Unfortunately, under field conditions, the biological control achieved has been shown to be variable and in some tests has failed to give any control, The use of fungicides, however, have not been consistently effective in controlling FHB and in reducing DON formation, transgene-silencing at different generations is a problem to use transgenes, Information on location of QTL for FHB resistance should improve dramatically in the near future on resistance to control Fusarium head blight (FHB). Therefore, it is pressing to improve control methods, especially to DON.

  Advance in the research on Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 2008, 24 (10):  427-433.  Abstract + ( 2157 )   PDF ( 880163KB )   ( 1110 ) Beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) is a kind of agricultural pest that has more and more harm to agriculture recently. So the research to this pest had got more and more notice. This article summarized the research advance about harm, biological characteristics, laboratorial ecology, artificial breeding, suppression action etc. of beet armyworm.

  A New Biologic Pesticide 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Sun Yaoran, Hu Ruisheng, Chen Tao, Guo Ruixia, Mu Wei 2008, 24 (10):  434-436.  Abstract + ( 1479 )   PDF ( 434169KB )   ( 737 ) 5-Aminolevulinic acid is an essential substance, which is mainly applied in agriculture, such as a new photoactivity growth regulator, which has higher selectivity and non-toxicity. The paper generalized the physiological function of 5-aminolevulinic acid, and summarized its application impact in agricultural production. It has been attracted by both re-searchers and industry field and further regarded as board application potential and market exploitive potential. The synthesis route in which the δ-aminolevulinic acid was prepared by different ways is described. This paper will become a base for further application and research.

  The releasing times of controling aphids by using Aphidius gifuensis and its control effect in the field 2008, 24 (10):  437-441.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 506632KB )   ( 452 ) The research on the times of releasing Aphidius gifuensis control aphids has showed that: the successive releasing Aphidius gifuensis can control the growth rate of aphid effectively when the outset aphids is lower. The survey indicate: the control effect of releasing Aphidius gifuensis is significant ,equal employing agricultural chemicals in the field. The survey about employing insecticide in zone of releasing Aphidius gifuensis and convention field show that: Agricultural chemicals employment number of times reduce 1.22 and average employment amount reduced 40%。

  Effects of DDT on Seed Vigor and Germination of Peanut 2008, 24 (10):  442-444.  Abstract + ( 1463 )   PDF ( 331242KB )   ( 758 ) The effects of DDT on seed vigor and germination of peanut were studied by using TTC and hydroponic methods. The results indicated that seed vigor and vigor index were increased remarkably when the peanut seeds were cultured for 5 days in solutions containing 4mg/kg-128mg/kg DDT, and meanwhile, no significant effects on germination rate and germination index were found. Further researches on stimulation induced by DDT and its mechanism are needed.

  Induced Resistance to Gray Mould in Cucumber by Siderophore-Producing Bacterium ZJH-10 LIANG Jian-Gen 2008, 24 (10):  445-449.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 689271KB )   ( 737 ) In order to explore the mechanism of the resistance to gray mould induced by siderophore-producing bacterium ZJH-10, the physiological and biochemical methods were employed to study the changes in activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catase(CAT), polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) in cucumber roots and leaves pretreated with siderophore-producing bacterium ZJH-10 and infected by Botrytis Cinerea. The results showed that the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, PPO and PAL in the roots treated by ZJH10 increased higher than those of other treatments to some extent and reached their maximum on 5th, 3rd, 5th,3rd and 3rd in roots, respectively, the activities of these protective enzymes in leaves were accorded with those of enzymes in roots. The experimental results suggested that the increased activities of SOD、POD、CAT、PPO、and PAL induced by ZJH-10 against Botrytis Cinerea are most likely to be associated with the development of ISR in cucumber.

  Polygonum hydropiper L.——an pesticide plant of Polygonaceae 2008, 24 (10):  450-452.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 421589KB )   ( 846 ) Abstract: In this paper, it introduces Polygonum hydropiper L.——an pesticide plant of Polygonaceae, its distribution, characteristic of biology, its toxicity, medical effect, Chemical ingredients and bioactivity against pest insects. Moreover, the prospects of botanical pesticides with Polygonum hydropiper L. and some problems in researches were discussed as well.

  Comparison between the Detection Methods of Dimethoate by HPLC and GC 2008, 24 (10):  453-456.  Abstract + ( 1476 )   PDF ( 523908KB )   ( 823 ) Abstract: 【OBJECT】Comparison between parameters in Dimethoates detection tests by using HPLC and GC was conducted, in order to supply reference for selection of Dimethoates detection method. 【METHOD】 The detection conditions of Dimethoates by using HPLC and GC were optimized respectively, and then the sensitivity, linear relevancy, stability and adding recovery rate of these two method were compared. 【RESULTS】Comparing with the lowest detection limit of 0.1mg/L for Dimethoates by GC, higher sensitivity of HPLC with 0.01mg/L was recorded. Also, HPLC had better linear relevancy than GC. When the concentration of Dimethoates lower than 1.0mg/L, better stability was found by HPLC than GC; but the similar stabilities were observed while the concentration higher than 0.1mg/L. 【CONCLUSION】HPLC was better than GC as the macro- and micro-detections for Dimethoates, which could achieve the requirement of Pesticide Register Residue Test Rule in China.

  Soil Rehabilitation of Greenhouse Tomato Contaminated by Root-knot Nematodes- the Selection of Effective Dilution Times of Soil Amendment 2008, 24 (10):  457-461.  Abstract + ( 1269 )   PDF ( 574979KB )   ( 798 ) For determing the effectivity of different dilution times of soil amendment developed in author laboratory to rehabilitate soil in greenhouse tomato contaminated by root-knot nematodes（Meloidogyn incognita), the study was carried out with salver method to isolate, identify and record the amount of nematodes in soil and the ratio of root-knots on tomato roots of different treatments and tap water control. The results shown that among the 5 selections, the soil amendment with 125 times dilution, 500ml·plant-1 volume could control the root knot nematode effectively. With the dilution, the density of root-knot nematodes could be controlled down to 30 individuals·100ml-1soil and the root knot rate on tomato roots could be reduced down to 40%. Simultaneity, the population of beneficial nematodes, Rhabditis (Oscheius) spp. was raised up（388 indi. ·100ml-1 soil）. The result also shown that 25days is an effective interval of applying soil amendment for rehabiliting the contaminated soil in greenhouse tomato.

  生态农业科学

  Effects of nitrogen rate applied on nitrogen use efficiency and lint yield of cotton Xiao-Ping Xue 2008, 24 (10):  462-466.  Abstract + ( 1276 )   PDF ( 540712KB )   ( 814 ) In order to studying the effects of nitrogen (N) level on nitrogen use efficiency and lint yield of cotton, Several field experiments with different levels of N application were carried out in Nanjing and Anyang, standing for the ecological conditions in the middle lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley and Yellow River Valley in China, respectively. The results indicate that the dynamic developments of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) with time during plant-growing period presented with S curve. The NUE and momentary NUE registered their highest value at the nitrogen application level of 360kg·ha-1 in Anyang and 240kg·ha-1 in Nanjing. The lint yield increased with the increasing N rate of supply, and registered its highest value at 360 kg·ha-1 and 240 kg·ha-1 for Anyang and Nanjing, respectively. The weight per boll and boll number per plant were the most important contributors to yield, and received theirs highest values with 240 kg·ha-1 and 360 kg·ha-1 N rate of application respectively.

  Nutrient Accumulation,Distribution and Biological Cycling in Rubber Plantation Ecosystem 2008, 24 (10):  467-470.  Abstract + ( 1168 )   PDF ( 530802KB )   ( 743 ) rubber plantation; nutrient accumulation and distribution; biological cycling

  Analysis on the Construction of Fruit Circular Economy Ecological Cultivation System Bo-qi WENG 2008, 24 (10):  477-481.  Abstract + ( 1470 )   PDF ( 727994KB )   ( 912 ) Developing ecological agriculture and achieving sustainable development are the main directions of Chinese future agriculture. In this paper, according to the main issues in current situation of fruit production , the construction idea and feasibility of fruit circular economy ecological cultivation system were proposed, basing on the national conditions, the construction and link of circular economy and fruit ecological cultivation system were researched and analyzed, it also put forward taking fruit industry as the head and forage (market) as a key link, combining the processing engineering technology and utilization of waste resources into mode construction of circulatory system of fruit industry by extending industrial chain. At last, the economical, ecological and social benefits of application of fruit circular economy ecological cultivation system were discussed.

  Fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, eco-environmental and economic effect of crop/forage intercropping on sloping arable lands 2008, 24 (10):  482-486.  Abstract + ( 1474 )   PDF ( 714264KB )   ( 822 ) Fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, eco-environmental and economic effect of crop/forage intercropping on sloping arable lands Wang Ligang, Liang Yongchao Institute of agricultural resources and regional planning, Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. Beijing 100081 Abstract: This paper formulated resources and utilized situation of sloping land in China, reviewed fertility improvement and soil and water conservation effects of crop/forage intercropping on sloping arable lands, summarized its important meaning for agricultural structure adjustment and stockbreeding development. The conclusion was drawn that crop/forage intercropping had potentials to gain great economic and social benefit.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Study on Heavy Metals Residues in Chinese Traditional Medicine Materials Sold in Hefei 2008, 24 (10):  487-490.  Abstract + ( 1410 )   PDF ( 509505KB )   ( 781 ) The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in Chinese traditional medicine materials sold in Hefei were investigated. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in different kinds of Chinese traditional medicine materials were different. The content order of cadmium was kind of animals> kind of plants> kind of minerals. The average cadmium content in kind of animals were 3 folds than that in kind of plants, while the average cadmium content in plants were 4 folds than that in kind of minerals. The content order of copper was kind of animals> kind of minerals > kind of plants. The average copper content in kind of animals were 4 folds than that in kind of minerals which was close to kind of plants. The content order of lead was kind of minerals > kind of plants > kind of animals. The average lead content in kind of minerals were 3 folds than that in kind of plants which was 2 folds than that in kind of animals. Heavy metals contents in different Chinese traditional medicine materials which belong to same kind varied significantly. The pollution assessment showed that cadmium content in 25.4% of investigated samples exceeded the sanitary standard, while lead content in 7.9% of investigated samples exceeded the sanitary standard.

  The Advance of Soil Quality Information Monitoring By Hyperspectral Remote Sensing 2008, 24 (10):  491-496.  Abstract + ( 1571 )   PDF ( 711483KB )   ( 1183 ) Hyperspectral remote sensing is characterized in multi and continuous spectrum, which can be used in the monitoring of soil quality information. The hyperspectral remote sensing data can be used to do the quantitative analysis of soil characteristics. This paper summarizes the mode and characteristic of extraction of soil quality information based on hyperspectral remote sensing technology, analyses the main factors that influenced the soil spectral reflection characteristic, reviews the studies of quantitative extraction of soil quality information based on hyperspectral remote sensing in domestic and abroad. Finally, analyses the problems and draws the prospect in the related areas.

  Effect of Different Crab-Cultivated Mode on Hygrophyte Diversity in Nanyi Lake 2008, 24 (10):  497-503.  Abstract + ( 1175 )   PDF ( 885628KB )   ( 675 ) There were 346 species belonged to 100 families by the investigation on plants in different crab-raising areas in Nanyi Lake, of which 49 species aquatic vascular plants accounted for 35.2% of aquatic vascular plants in Anhui Province and 25 families accounted for 69%.The diversity was distinct lower. The plant associations were also obvious unlike in different cultivated areas. The association was single, where Vallisineria spiralis L. and Hydrilla verticillata (L.F.) Royle exist in pen crab-farming zone and the companion species were distinctly more simple than ones in other zones. There were exotic species Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub and Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Grisb in pen aquaculture aera, which affect ecological development. The results showed the diversity of aquatic vascular plants in pen crab-farming zone was beyond 0.5; the crab-farming zone without nets was 0.6-0.7 and the non-aquaculture zone was above 0.8.

  Study on Management Integration Thought of Land Use Planning Tian Shui-Song 2008, 24 (10):  504-508.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 571532KB )   ( 676 ) The purpose of the paper is to provide theoretical basis for draw up scientifically land use planning, and to take reference for studies similar to it. Methods of documentation, theoretical study and case study were employed. The connotation and its characteristics & dialectical relation of management integration thought of land use planning are pointed out. Thought of management integration in land use planning is an important thought to direct land use planning in village scale.

  Investigation of the Chrysanthemum Resources and its′Developing Foreground in Hainan 2008, 24 (10):  509-511.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 483998KB )   ( 1047 ) The Chrysanthemum resources in Hainan province were investigated and studied with consulting literature material and field investigation.The results showed:1.the Chrysanthemum resources in Haikou were abundant,while species in other counties were in singularity,and had a concentrative distribution.2.the colour of the more Chrysanthemum species was yellow(46.81%), the number of others was less,and could be conserved as the rare and excellent variety. In conclusion, The Chrysanthemum has the great developing potential in Hainan province.

  Functions of artificial wetland on water environment protection weili zhang,huaizhi zhang 2008, 24 (10):  512-514.  Abstract + ( 1249 )   PDF ( 432593KB )   ( 1102 ) This article systematically introduce the concept of wetland worldwide, the change of china’s wetland area, and its function on water pollution. Some misunderstanding of wetland usage is noted. Functions of artificial wetland especially for rice fields should be more regarded, and the rice field area should be prevented.

  Effects of Various Factors on the Photocatalyic Degradation of DDT on Surface Layer of Soil Pan Shu Ying 2008, 24 (10):  515-520.  Abstract + ( 1674 )   PDF ( 832533KB )   ( 778 ) In order to get the optimum conditions for photodegradation experiment, the effects of various factors, including soil pH, Dissolved Organic Matter（DOM）, water content, soil depth, exogenous components and husbandry on the degradation performance of 2,2-bis(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane （DDT） were studied by choosing the brown soil samples spiked with DDT and exposed to the UV-light irradiation. The results indicated that the degradation rate increases with the increasing of the water content of the soil, but when it exceeds over 50%, the degradation rate decreases. The photocatalytic degradation rate of DDT increases with the rising of the concentration of DOM, however, when the concentration of DOM exceeds over 1.0%, the degradation rate reduces slightly. Acidic or alkaline environment is more effective for the photodegradation than the neutral environment.Fe and TiO2 greatly accelerate the photodegradation of DDT in soil, DOM, Fe2O3 and all element fertilizer+DOM slightly positively influence the photodegradation, while the all element fertilizer scarcely provides contributions. The degradation rate of DDT decreases with the rise of the soil depth; regular husbandry can enhance the degradation capacity of DDT effectively.

  热带农业科学

  A Study on Evaluation of Graminaceous Grass Adaptability under Eucalyptus baichangjun,chenzhiquan 2008, 24 (10):  521-527.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 688704KB )   ( 971 ) Most of grass variety can grow well under eucalyptus through the evaluation of adaptability, of which the yield of Brachiaria dictyoneura (Fig.&De Not.)Stapf belongs to Brachiaria genus is significantly higher than other varieties, reaching to 943.9㎏/hm2 . The tiller number , survival rate and disease and pest resistance all show the production potential ，Comprehensive assessment was the best.The grass belongs to Panicum genus with the aspect of、survival rate growth vigor 、plant height、 dry matter yield all show the good adaptability .The grass belongs to Setaria is just common except Penisetum purpureum。The grass subordinateto Paspalum genus show comparatively bad, except Paspalum atratum cv. Reyan No.11。

  Effect of intercropping of watermelon and papaya in orchard of young coconut on coconut growing and economic incoming 2008, 24 (10):  528-532.  Abstract + ( 1717 )   PDF ( 561738KB )   ( 785 ) After intercropping watermelon and papaya in orchard of young coconut, it is remarkable that the intercropping may promote growth of coconut, improve the nutrient of leaf of coconut, increase soil nutrient and economic incoming in orchard of young coconut. The effects of the model of Intercropping Papaya Before Intercropping Watermelon was the best in the three models of intercropping, secondly was the model of Intercropping Papaya, third was the model of Intercropping Watermelon.

  Primary Studied on Planting Technology of Pennisrtum purpureumxp typhoidevm cv.Reyan NO.4 Xu-chuan Tu 2008, 24 (10):  533-535.  Abstract + ( 1196 )   PDF ( 421145KB )   ( 707 ) Used three single factor trials which are different cutting frequency, fertilizer condition and plant density, Mensurate fresh grass yield, dry grass yield and the number of tillers for found the planting technology of Pennisrtum purpureumxp typhoidevm cv.Reyan NO.4. The results showed that cutting frequency noticeable effect on the biology yield of Pennisrtum purpureumxp typhoidevm cv.Reyan NO.4, but plant density and fertilizer is not noticeable.

  农业信息科学

  Geometry Modelling and Visualization of the Apple Fruit 2008, 24 (10):  536-541.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 743868KB )   ( 961 ) A method for modeling geometry of apple fruit is proposed . It uses Bézier curves to fit the fruit outline, and control prism of the fruit surface by introducing a noise function which conforms to the variety characteristic. The model uses a few of parameters with significant biology meaning and is easy to integrate with agricultural knowledge. It proposes face color random filling method based color table to solve the characteristic of numerous types of apple fruit and rich colors of apple face except uses texture mapping to render apple face. The results show this method can simulate various types of apple fruit and has better realistic effect.

  Game Analysis of the Rural Informatization Products in the Rural Informatization progress under Asymmetric Information 2008, 24 (10):  542-545.  Abstract + ( 1350 )   PDF ( 531914KB )   ( 607 ) Rural informatization is a complex and systemic engineering, which deals with a lot of participation roles. In this article we suggest three main roles（the government, enterprise and the peasant household） in rural informatization product market, and on this basis we mainly study two kinds of roles: the enterprise and the peasant household, and we mainly analysis the games between the enterprise and the peasant household in order to get some results from the analysis. We think that the key factor is to reduce the information asymmetry in rural informatization market, from which we can make the price of informatization products at a reasonable level.

  农业工程科学

  The Analysis on Waterlogging Disaster in the Region of Jianghuai HUANG Xiao-Yan 2008, 24 (10):  546-548.  Abstract + ( 1233 )   PDF ( 420174KB )   ( 848 ) Abstract: The waterlogging disaster is one of the main agro-meteorological disasters during crops growth period in the region of Jianghuai. Waterlogging disaster occurred frequently, endangered many crops and affected extensive range, which causes the huge difficulty and loss to the production construction and the people lives and restricts seriously the sustainable development of agriculture and economy in this region. In this paper, the characteristics and causes of waterlogging disaster have been analysised in the region of Jianghuai, and the corresponding prevention measure of waterlogging disaster has been proposed, which have importance significance to strengthen the ability of agriculture to resist disasters, guarantee the agricultural high yield, the prevention plan of flood and the develop of regional economies and so on.

  The numerical simulation of mixing ozone-water in jet aerator and throat pipe optimization Duo-wu Xu,宋卫堂 Song Wei-tang 2008, 24 (10):  549-553.  Abstract + ( 1148 )   PDF ( 690520KB )   ( 1082 ) Gas-liquid two-phase flow model was applied to simulate mixing process of ozone-water in jet aerator. A comprehensive parameter distribution was obtained, which revealed the mixing mechanism of jet aerator to mix ozone-water. These provided a method for optimizing structural parameters of jet aerator and performance forecast. Relationship between optimal length of throat pipe and area ratio was analyzed. The results showed that the bigger area ratio, the longer throat pipe length, and the optimal length of throat pipe should be 5.84～7.47d1 when area ratio was 2.25～6.25.

  水产渔业科学

  STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY OF MACROBRACHIUM NIPPONENSE OF DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC POPULATIONS 2008, 24 (10):  554-558.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was applied to investigate the genetic diversity of six geographic populations of Macrobrachium nipponense, which were collected from the Weishan Lake(WL), Hongze Lake(HzL), Taihu Lake(TL), Longgan Lake(LL), Honghu Lake (HL) and Pearl River(PR). Under optimal conditions, 18 random primers from OPI, OPM, OPP, OPX, were chosen to analyze their genomic DNA (30 individuals of each population). A total of 201 RAPD fragments ranged 100bp~2000bp were obtained, 141 of which were polymorphic (70.15%). For different populations, the proportions of polymorphic loci were 21.13%～55.93%, mean expected heterozygosity varied from 0.1132 to 0.2071, and the Shannon index (I) varied from 0.1695 to 0.2950. Index of genetic diversity Gst ranged from 0.2116to 0.4442 for different populations, and index of genetic diversity Gst0 was 0.4461. Nm ranged from 0.6257 to 1.8628. Results indicated that notable genetic divergence emerged between populations. Clustering of the stocks was analyzed by UPGMA, the results showed that Hongze Lake and Weishan Lake populations, Honghu Lake and Longgan Lake population clustered first respectively, then they clustered with Taihu Lake population, the last did Pearl River population.

  Study on Pharmacokinetic and Eliminate of Oxytetracycline in Turbot 2008, 24 (10):  559-563.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 618406KB )   ( 603 ) Abstract: This article is the first to study on pharmacokinetic and eliminate of OTC in turbot after oral administration. The residue of OTC in turbot which was exposured to 80 mg/kg b.w. OTC solution was monitored continually by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the concentration-time course of the drug conformed to the characteritics of the two compartment open model with the first order absorption and a lagtime for the blood and the muscle, and the one compartment open model with first order absorption and a lagtime for the liver. OTC was slowly eliminated in turbot. The concerntration of OTC in the muscle was below LOD after 28d , and the concerntration of OTC in the liver was below LOD after 10d.

  Different of water quality factors between super-intensive indoor and semi-intensive outdoor shrimp farms and analysis of water treatment system haiyan zhang 2008, 24 (10):  564-569.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 678659KB )   ( 748 )

  三农问题研究

  The Status and Consummate Countermeasures of Rural Financial System 2008, 24 (10):  570-574.  Abstract + ( 1233 )   PDF ( 685683KB )   ( 880 ) Despite years of reform, rural financial system still has a large number of problems, along with the excessive intervention in rural finance from Governments, which have seriously hindered the rural economic and social development. On analyzing the current status of the rural financial system , we point out all the existent problems and their causes, then put forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions on how to consummate the rural financial system correspondingly.

  Present Situation and Developing Strategies of Coarse Cereals Industrialization in Shanxi 2008, 24 (10):  575-578.  Abstract + ( 1108 )   PDF ( 581361KB )   ( 1030 ) Coarse cereals cultivation has a long history in Shanxi province , It has many species, high quality, rich nutrient, and greatly welcome in domestic and foreign market. After years of development, coarse cereals have become a major competitive industrial in Shanxi agriculture, but it also has many problems such as species degradation, low production, low level in deep processing and many other issues, therefore, on the issue of the coarse cereals industrial development in Shanxi province, we must establish strategic plan, strengthen the coordination between the government, work out supporting measures , strengthen scientific and technological forces, establish high-quality base, development of leading enterprises in order to enhance the market competitiveness, make it become a major aspect of agriculture and an important way to increase income in Shanxi agricultural economy.

  The influence of leading enterprises of agriculture onthe income increment of peasant--examplified nanjing city Xuguang Kuai 2008, 24 (10):  579-582.  Abstract + ( 1588 )   PDF ( 483709KB )   ( 620 ) The most important link in the chain of agricultural industrialization is its operation entities, i.e. leading enterprises of agriculture which connect markets and peasants. Mechanism of this connection is impacting the division of income between enterprises and peasants, and then the industrialization of agriculture as well as the income increase of peasants. Objects of this study are agricultural enterprises in Nanjing, and the study is made on the connection mechanism between leading agricultural enterprises and peasants, especially on what impact it is making on peasants and how can it increase income of peasants. Theoretical and practical basis are supposed to be provided to relevant government departments on policy decision of pushing leading agricultural enterprises to increase income of peasants.

  STUDY OF CROPLAND CHANGE AND GRAIN SECURITY IN WUQI COUNTY 2008, 24 (10):  583-588.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   PDF ( 700636KB )   ( 743 ) The object of study is Wuqi County, which is biggest area of the conversion of cropland to forest or grassland of China. Analyzed the character of cropland changing and grain security from 1997 to 2006. Basing on all of these study, using minimum cropland average per capita and cropland pressure index model as a means to analyze 10 years’ changing characteristic of this two variant . Therefore, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to ensure cropland dynamic stable and the grain security.