Abstract: Abstract: 13 years continual monitoring was conducted in up land in red soil region. The results showed as follows. The fertilizer use efficiency and crops yield were decreased step by step under long term chemical fertilizer applied. Yield of corn increased by 213% and wheat by 96% in average in N treatment compared with control (CK) in the former 5 years. After 10 years, the yield of corn and wheat reduced by 45% and 85% in respectively. The same phenomena were obtained in NP, NK and NPK treatments. The fertilizer use efficiency and yield of corn and wheat were increased calmly and lightly in NPKM and M treatments. Chemical nitrogen fertilizer applied was an absolutely necessarily technical and measure in red soil region for the purpose of improving quality of corm and wheat. The impact of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on quality of corm and wheat was better than that of organic nitrogen fertilizers.