Abstract: Fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, eco-environmental and economic effect of crop/forage intercropping on sloping arable lands Wang Ligang, Liang Yongchao Institute of agricultural resources and regional planning, Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. Beijing 100081 Abstract: This paper formulated resources and utilized situation of sloping land in China, reviewed fertility improvement and soil and water conservation effects of crop/forage intercropping on sloping arable lands, summarized its important meaning for agricultural structure adjustment and stockbreeding development. The conclusion was drawn that crop/forage intercropping had potentials to gain great economic and social benefit.