Abstract: Using NC-Ⅱdesign , the combining ability of 15 characters of 16 maize inbred lines was analysed. The result showed that there were significant difference or more significant difference in combining abilitys of different inbred lines belong to p1 or p2 group.The order of total combining ability effect of p1 was : Zk01-1>Zk01-2>Zheng 58>9058>248>Zk01-3>Qi 319 .The order of total combining ability effect of p2 is: Chang 7-2>Zk02-2>Zk02-1>Lx9801>Yong 35-2>H21>Zk02-4>Zk02-3>Huangzao4. Zk01-1 and Zk01-2 that were improved from Zheng 58 have better utilization value in maize breeding . Zk02-2 and Zk02-1 that were improved from Chang 7-2 have better utilization value in maize breeding . Kernels per row and kernel length were the key factors of maize production , which should be the prior character in maize breeding .