Current issue

• 2008 Vol.24 No.11 Published:05 November 2008

  畜牧兽医科学

  Isolation and Characterization of transcription elongation factor B (S III) （Tceb2）Alpaca (Lama Pacos) 2008, 24 (11):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 518914KB )   ( 675 ) Abstract: 6 positive clones of transcription elongation factor B (S III) (Tceb2) gene were screened from the cDNA library of alpaca skin with Southern Blotting. After being sequenced and treated, the sizes of the inserted fragments was 472bp with the complete open reading frame. It was encoded 119AA with MW13.2KDa. Analyzing the characteristics, the structure of the sequence and the similarity, we found that the sequenced was the predicted full-length cDNA and it had 100% similarity with that of mouse and rat. So it was named as alpaca Tceb2 (GenBank DQ646397).

  Correlation Analysis between Microsatellite Marks and Growth Traits in Fujian Yellow Rabbit LIU Qing-Hua 2008, 24 (11):  5-10.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   PDF ( 597089KB )   ( 728 ) According to the rabbit linkage map and reports, 8 microsatellite loci were selected to detect the genetic polymorphism in 195 Fujian yellow rabbits．Effective number of alleles，heterozygositry, polymorphism information content，and correlation analysis between microsatellite marks and body weight as well were calculated by least square means. Results were showed as follow: The average heterozygosit(H) was 0.6857,ranging 0.5904 from 0.7267.The average polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.6622,ranging from 0.5723 to 0.7222. Many genotypes of microsatellites were significant correlations with body size and body weight. The allele 209bp of Sol33 had a positive effect on first month’s weight. The allele 125bp of Sat12 and allele 201bp of Sol33 had a strong positive impact on third 1--month-old weight. The allele 213bp of Sol33 may have a negative impact on the 8-month-old weight. If allele 242bp of Sol03 had a positive impact, the allele 240bp had a strong negative impact on the 8-month-old weight. The allele 217bp of Sol44, allele 209bp of Sol33, allele 153bp of Sol30 and allele 236bp of Sol03 had a positive impact on stem length. The allele 209bp of Sol33, allele 170bp of Sol30 and allele 244bp of Sol03 may have a positive impact on chest circumference. The allele 203bp of Sol44 may have a negative impact on chest circumference. The five microsatellites genotypes of Sol33 （209／213)、Sat12（125)、Sol30 170、Sol03（236／244)、Sol44（203／227)had a significant correlation with weight and body size. This will provide a theoretical basis for further QTL.

  Determination and Assessment of Amino acid in the Root Protein of SympHytum pezegrinum Li Feng-Ling 2008, 24 (11):  11-14.  Abstract + ( 1558 )   PDF ( 619478KB )   ( 850 ) A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for determining amino acids in the root protein ,and internationally adopted nutrient value assessment method was applied to the overall assessment of the protein nutrient value .The results showed the crude protein content was 11.81％, amino acids content was 3.45%,and the total essential amino acid accounted for 39.5％ of the total amino acid.Methionine was the first limited amino acid. Chemical score(CS)，amino acid score(AAS)，essential amino acid index(EAAI)，bio1ogical value(BV)，nutritional index(NI)and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid(SRCAA)of its protein were 41.9，42.5，74.3，69.3，8.77 and 55.24 respectively．Compared with two other kinds of root crops，root protein nutrient value of sympHytum pezegrinum was higher than Rhizoma discoreae, and lower than potato. Additionally，the ratio of total delicious aminoacid content to total aminoacid content(DAA／TAA) was 42.03%, showed its good palatability and high application.

  Cloning and Expression of ORF2 gene of Porcine Circovirus TypeⅡ 2008, 24 (11):  15-18.  Abstract + ( 1583 )   PDF ( 510220KB )   ( 878 ) Porcine circovirus typeⅡ(PCV2) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS) in swine. The truncated ORF2 gene of PCV2 was amplified by PCR and the PCR product was cloned into plasmid PGEX-6P-1. the recombinant plasmid was name PGEX-ORF2. The PGEX-ORF2 was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) cells, and induced by IPTG at 37℃ for 4 hours. The recombinant PCV2 Cap protein was expressed efficiently in the form of inclusion body. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis showed that the recombinant fusion protein had a molecular weight of approximate 46 kD, and had immunological reactivity.

  Influence of Copper Supplementation on Nitrogen Metabolism and Volatile Fatty Acid Production of Mixed Ruminal Microbial Growth in Continuous Culture Flow-through Fermentors Wang Maorong,, Mo Fang, Yue Wenbin, Huang Yingxiang, Miao Chaohua,, Wang Feng,, Chen Yao 2008, 24 (11):  19-23.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   PDF ( 620142KB )   ( 733 ) An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary concentrations of copper on nitrogen metabolism, VFA production and fermentation of mixed ruminal microbes grown in continuous culture fermentors. Six fermentors were fed 40 g of diet. The diet consisted of concentrate and rice straw with Cu supplemented as CuSO4. Dietary treatments were 1) control (no supplemental), 6mg, 12mg, 18mg, 24mg and 30mg of supplemental Cu/kg of DM. The ruminal pH was not greatly affected by Cu supplementation. Ruminal fluid ammonia concentration in continuous ruminal cultures were affected by Cu supplementation (p<0.05). However, concentrations of ammonia increased (p<0.05) in response to supplemental Cu. The fermentation of organ matter was increased by the supplemental Cu. The ruminal fluid VFA concentrations were affected by Cu supplementation (p<0.05). The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate increased (p<0.05) in response to supplemental Cu. Molar proportions of acetate, propionate and butyrate were not affected by the addition of supplemental Cu to the basal diet. The results indicate that addition of supplemental Cu to the control diets improved growth of ruminal microbe, and increased ruminal fermentation of organ matter and concentrations of VFA in continuous cultures.

  Mechanism of Rat Primary Cultured Hepatocyte Injury by Acetaminophen Ju Lei,, Wang Baojie, Ma Yuzhong 2008, 24 (11):  24-26.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 446976KB )   ( 886 ) Rat hepatocytes were obtained from SD rats by two step collagenase perfusion, and treated with different concentration of acetaminophen. The hepatocyte viability was measured by MTT, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was analyzed by spectrophotometer, and the expression of CYP 2E1 were measured by western blotting. With induction of acetaminophen, the hepatocyte viability decreased, the activity of LDH increased, the expression of CYP 2E1 increased. It demonstrated that acetaminophen could lead to hepatocyte injury when acetaminophen reached to higher dose.

  Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of Swine FcRn and its alternatively spliced variant Li Haixia, Chen Liying, Liu Tao, Fan Pei, Qian Xin’an, Zhang Zhiqiang, Wang Yueying, Wang Yanling 2008, 24 (11):  27-31.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 556843KB )   ( 952 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To clone and analysis the FcRn gene of pig.【METHOD】Total RNA was extracted from mucosal tissue of duodenum and mRNA sequence of gene were amplified by RT-PCR using two designed primers. The PCR products were ligated into the pMD-19T vector, and then transformed into competent cells of JM109. The sequence was analyzed to identify the recombinant plasmid.【RESULTS】Identity analysis showed that the two FcRn nucleotide sequence shared 99 % 【CONCLUSION】The porcine alternatively spliced variant of FcRn gene was successfully cloned in the present study and the sequence of spliced variant has been submitted to GenBank(Accession. EU852582)

  Development of GC-MS Method for Detecting Clenbuterol Residues and Confirmation of Self-made Strip Performance Deng Ruiguang, Zhang Haitang, Wang Ziliang, Zhong Hua, Zhang Gaiping 2008, 24 (11):  32-37.  Abstract + ( 7041 )   PDF ( 692046KB )   ( 1044 ) GC-MS method of detection for Clenbuterol Hydrochloride (CL) residues in swine urine was established and compared with the method of self-made strip (CL-Strip). The results showed that the detection limits of GC-MS and CL-Strip were 0.5ng/ml and 1.0ng/ml respectively. The detection results of CL added in samples were consistent completely. The detection results of 100 negative swine urine samples and 18 positive swine urine samples by CL-Strip method were agreed with GC/MS method analysis results. It can be concluded that the sensitivity, accuracy and stability of CL-Strip method were about at the same degree as GC-MS method, and CL-Strip method was recommended to be extended for its advantages in convenience, direct-viewing, rapidity, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

  Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of MC1R Gene from Mule Duck and Anas Platyrhynchos Nen-zhu Zheng,anjing wang,hui chen,zhongwei miao,shenglin li,xiaoning dong,guangying wang 2008, 24 (11):  38-43.  Abstract + ( 1963 )   PDF ( 652766KB )   ( 984 ) Plumage color is a important economy trait . Melanocortin 1-receptor(MC1 R)gene is a key gene in melanogenesis in mamma1.A pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the conserved region of MC1R gene of gallus, coturnix japonica, anser caerulescens, and pavo cristatus. PCR amplifications , cloning and sequencing were performed on maxima DNA of mule duck and anas platyrhynchos. The results showed two fragments of 900bp were obtained , whose accession numbers were EU877265 and EU877264 in the GenBank, respectively. The 8 mutaions were found in the two fragments. The mutations in 184（T/A）,229（G/A）,364（A/G）and 385（G/A）led to the amino acid replacement at 62（C/S）,77（E/K）,122（T/A）and 129（V/I）, respectively. The results were the basic information to further study SNPs of MC1R gene associated with plumage color on mule duck. By using the program of Blast on GenBank, the results indicated that duck had homology with 98.4% homology with branta bernicla at nucleotide level of MC1R gene, and 92.8％～98.2% homology with other birds.The results demonstrated that MC1R gene of bird was relatively conserved. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that consanguinity relations between mule duck, anas platyrhynchos and branta bernicla, anser caerulescens, anser canagica were close.The status of them were confirmed on zoologyl by means of molecular method.

  Effects of SU-MIAN-XIN on CYP3A1 and CYP2E1 in Rat Primary Cultured Hepatocytes Xu Lina, Du Jinliang, Ma Yuzhong 2008, 24 (11):  44-47.  Abstract + ( 1625 )   PDF ( 526954KB )   ( 934 ) Rat primary cultured hepatocytes were isolated by two-step collagenase digestion method and treated with gradient concentration of SU-MIAN-XIN and BAO-DING-NING, and the expression of cytochrome P450 3A1 (CYP3A1) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1) were determined by Western blot. The results as follows: 2-4×108 hepatocytes per rat were obtained and the viability was about 95%. The expression of CYP3A1 and CYP 2E1 in rat hepatocytes increased gradually with treatment of SU-MIAN-XIN and BAO-DING-NING. Rat primary cultured hepatocytes can be used for molecular mechanism of SU-MIAN-XIN metabolism, it provides a foundation for its clinical application.

  Cloning and sequence analysis on KIT gene in sheeps Zhang Qiaoling, Song Deguang, Yue Zhanpeng, Zhou Liang, Ma Xue 2008, 24 (11):  48-53.  Abstract + ( 1604 )   PDF ( 534840KB )   ( 966 ) The total RNA from the skin tissure of sheeps was extracted by using Trizol reagent. Primer was designed to amplify the fragments of exon11 to exon19 in sheeps, and the fragment was obtained. It included the partial sequence of exon11 (120bp), exon12 (126bp), exon13 (90bp), exon14 (151bp), exon15 (95bp), exon16 (128bp), exon17 (123bp), exon18 (112bp), exon19 (66bp). And the deduced polypeptide was got by the translation software and it was found that the KIT gene coded 331 amino acids. The multiple sequence alignments revealed that the similarity of sheeps were above 94%. It was confirmed that the sequence obtained in this study was the KIT gene of sheeps.

  农业生物技术科学

  Induction of the calli for the embryos of “Premier” honey peach and their subculture and maintenance Lai Chengchun,, Yu Yabai, Lai Zhongxiong, Xie Honggen, Wang Qi, Chen Yuan 2008, 24 (11):  54-59.  Abstract + ( 1529 )   PDF ( 910216KB )   ( 640 ) The mature embryos of 5 old years?cultivars of 慞remier?honey peach were used as the materials in this paper. The effects of the inoculation method, light treatment and different mediums on the callus induction were studied. The results showed that the friable and well callus were obtained by the cotyledonal embryos without spermoderm on the MS with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D under the dark. The comparisons of the effects of the light treatment, callus type, different mediums and subculturing method on the growth of the honey peach callus were investigated in the process of their subculture and maintenance. The conclusions were summarized as follows, the TN2 and TN3 of the honey peach callus could be maintained for a long time and kept exuberant growth when they were alternately cultured on the MS medium containing with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and the other MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/L KT and 100 mg昄-1 inositol.

  Clone and construcion of recombinant expression vector of Porcine IFNE1 Tai Yulei, Wang Yanling, Wang Weijie, Han Liqiang, Zhang Zhiqiang, Zang Meng,Wang Jing, Yang Guoyu 2008, 24 (11):  60-64.  Abstract + ( 1609 )   PDF ( 620610KB )   ( 715 ) A pair of cloning primers were designed according to the cloning principle of in silico sequence. The whole coding region of interferon epsilon1(IFNE1) extracted from mucosal tissue of porcine stomach was amplified by RT-PCR, and sequence analyzed. Then, a pair of expression primers were designed according to the cloned sequence. A fragment of porcine IFNE1 cDNA containing EcoRI/XhoI were amplified from recombinant vector by PCR. The fragment was to construct a recombinant expression vector. Subsequently, the recombinant vector were transformed into parasitic bacterium. The fusion protein, which was induced was confirmed by SDS-PAGE.The results showed that the cloned sequence contain the open reading frame of 582 bp and encodes 193 amino acids. Identity analysis showed that the porcine IFNE1 nucleotide sequence shared 83.6% and 69.2% homology with that of human, mouse, the predicted amino acid shared 76.2% and 55.2% homology with that of human, mouse. The fusion protein expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) was about 47 kDa and mainly existed as inclusion bodies.

  Isolating of actinomyce strains on iocontrol of stevia leaf spot disease 齐艳春 2008, 24 (11):  65-68.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 465904KB )   ( 684 ) Strains A01 and A64 are two actinomyces isolated from stevia rhizosphere which showed a high growth rate and strong antibiosis activity and these 2 strains kept their high growth rate and stable antibiosis activity. Taxonomy identification suggested that these two isolates are members of Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici. A01 belongs to yellow group, and A64 is an isolate of blue group. Application of biocontrol agents on stevia leaves could effectively suppress the leaf spot disease. The average control effect was 56.3%. Mixture of A01 and A64 showed a significantly enhanced biocontrol effect compared with the individual isolates. The average yield increasing was 18.7%, especially in the mono-cropping area, yield increasing was more distinct.

  Effect of Nd3+ and Burdock oligosaccharide on the Germination Power of Cassia obtusifolia Seeds Yao Jia, Liu Chunyan, Qin Guozheng, Chen Kaoshan 2008, 24 (11):  69-72.  Abstract + ( 1743 )   PDF ( 514302KB )   ( 643 ) To study the effect of Nd3+ and burdock oligosaccharide on the germination power of Cassia obtusifolia seeds.The results showed that low concentration Nd3+ and burdock oligosaccharide promoted obviously the germination of seed and seedling growth, Treatment with Cassia obtusifolia seeds both 3mg/L Nd3+ and 0.5g/LBOS individual and mixture promoted the germination of seed and increased α-amylase and lipase activity respectively. The germination power of seed treatment with mixture of Nd3+ and burdock oligosaccharide was better than treatment individual of those.

  Establishment and Optimization of ISSR-PCR Reaction System for Honeysuckle Wang Xiaoming,,, Li Junbin, Li Yongxin,, Zeng Huijie, 2008, 24 (11):  73-77.  Abstract + ( 1633 )   PDF ( 634614KB )   ( 826 ) Based on the genomic DNA extracted from honeysuckle, the factors influenced ISSR were optimized and the effect of 6 factors such as annealing temperature, Taq DNA polymerase dosage，DNA templates concentration，primer concentration, dNTPs concentration and Mg2+ concentration on ISSR amplification were tested using single factor experiment. A reaction system and amplified procedure suitable for honeysuckle were established, that is 20 μL amplification reactions system containing 1×PCR buffer（Mg2＋free）, 1.5 U Taq DNA polymerase, 0.15mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 0.4 μmol·L-1 primer, 1.5 mmol·L-1 MgCl2, 60 ng template DNA. The optimized annealing temperature is 49.9℃. The optimal amplified procedure was as follows: after a pre-denaturing of 5 min at 94℃, 35 cycles were performed with 30 s for denaturing at 94℃ , annealing of 30 s at 49.9℃, extension of 1.5 min at 72℃ , 7 minutes of extension at 72℃ in the final cycle and hold at 4℃. Using these optimal amplification conditions, 10 stable and repeatable ISSR primers were selected from total 100 primers. The genome DNA of 22 honeysuckle cultivars were amplified with 10 ISSR primers and 108 bands were amplified totally, including 96 polymorphism bands with polymorphism rate of 88.9%. The establishment of the ISSR-PCR reaction system could settle favorable foundation for identification of honeysuckle cultivars ,classification and analysis of the genetic diversity of honeysuckle using ISSR molecular marker techniques．

  Recombinant expression vector with wheat MBD3 gene and its prokaryotic expression Meng Fanrong, Si Zhifei, Liu Haoying, Zhang Wen 2008, 24 (11):  78-80.  Abstract + ( 1577 )   PDF ( 436583KB )   ( 860 ) In this study, a prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-MBD3 for the wheat MBD (Methyl-binding domain protein) gene MBD3 was constructed. Transform it to E. coli. BL21 (DE3), the fusion protein GST-MBD3 with molecular weight of 49.6 kDа was effectively expressed under 1mM IPTG concentrations at 37°C, which provides a foundation for further purification and functional study of the MBD3 protein.

  Gathering Hybidization of More Gall Midge Resistance Material Feng Rui, Qin Xueyi, Tang Jianhuai, Zhu Rucai, Pan Yinghua, Liu Bailong, Wei Sumei, Huang Fengkuan 2008, 24 (11):  81-84.  Abstract + ( 1335 )   PDF ( 479690KB )   ( 894 ) We used the highly gall midge resistant variety of Guangxi, GX-M001,to do resistant/resistant gathering hybridization, that is to cross with another highly gall midge resistant variety Qingzhan which include the resistance gene of GM6,the gall midge resistant variety from overseas, HT1350, and the high yielding fine quality variety Guiruanzhan, by backcrossing and inbred, the resistance gene of GM6 were introgressed into GX-M001，we were successful to incorporate several resistance genes from different genetic background into one genotype and got new material for more resistance.

  Application of in situ Hybridization in Plant Molecular Cytogenetics Research BIE Tong-De,derong gao 2008, 24 (11):  85-92.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 816878KB )   ( 1025 ) In situ hybridization is one of the most important techniques in plant molecular cytogenetics research. In this paper, we briefly introduced the origin and development of in situ hybridization, firstly. Then, application of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) in plant cytogenetics research as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in plant physical mapping and chromosome identification were detailed reviewed. Some new techniques such as fiber-FISH, BAC-FISH, and immuno-FISH were also introduced in this paper. And a prospect about FISH was given out.

  Bioinformation Analyze of a Pepper Putative WRKY gene Wang Yuna,, He Li, Cao Lei, Lai Yan, Mou Shaoliang, He Shuilin 2008, 24 (11):  93-96.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 420868KB )   ( 1128 ) Abstract: A pepper cDNA library was screened to look for the WRKY homologous molecules. Then a novel cDNA was found during the screen and cloned. Bioinformatics analysis was performed in order to study the possible function of this cDNA sequence. Various bioinformatics methods such as blastn, ORF Finder, Wolf Psort and DNAMAN were used to analyze and predict the feature and possible functions of the novel cDNA sequence. The result shows Putative WRKY was the full-length of a novel gene and there was a conserved WRKY domain predicted by NCBI, the homologous analysis shows WRKY was highly identity with other plants and predicted to locate in nuclei. It may function in plant development and play a role during resistance to various environmental. Therefore, the functions of the novel gene are valuable for further investigations.

  Study on the Influence Factors to the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells Zhao Lei, Feng Zesheng, Zhang Jun, Gao Haijun 2008, 24 (11):  97-102.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   PDF ( 728430KB )   ( 782 ) In microbial fuel cells (MFC), redox mediator can promote the transfer of electrons from microbes to the surface of electrode and enhance converting efficiency of energies. Proteus vulgaris to the performance of MFC is superior to E.coli without the mediator. The combinations of microbes and mediators were studied, and the results shown that the polarization curve of microbial fuel cell with combination of proteus vulgaris and thionine was smooth and stable, the maximal output power reached 128.8mW/m2. Otherwise, the interior resistance of MFC decreased from 1724Ω to 200Ω within thionine, the percentage is 88.4%. The performances of MFCs with the combination of thionine and ferric chelates as co-mediators was better than that with single mediator, and the output power reached 169.3mW/m2 under the conditions of 0.25mmol/L ferric chelates and 0.5mmol/L thionine.

  食品科学

  Preliminary Research for the Relationship between Pesticide Resistance and Leaf Morphology, Anatomic Characteristics of Oolong Tea Plant Resources 2008, 24 (11):  103-108.  Abstract + ( 1713 )   PDF ( 562964KB )   ( 811 ) Based on screening germplasm resources of oolong tea plant with low pesticide residue content, the relationship between pesticide resistance and leaf morphology, anatomic characteristics of oolong tea plant resources was studied, and the resistance mechanism of tea plant to pesticide residue was probed into. The result showed that the pesticide resistance of tea plant resouces correlates with leaf tine, ratio of cutin layer/ palisade tissue, ratio of cutin layer/ spongy tissue, ratio of upper epidermis/ cutin layer. The tea plant resources with low pesticide residue content had the characteristics as follows: sharp leaf tine, low ratio of cutin layer to palisade tissue, low ratio of cutin layer to spongy tissue, high ratio of upper epidermis to cutin layer. The tea plant resouces with high pesticide residue content reversed. Key words: Tea plant; Pesticide residue; Resistance mechanism

  Study on Analytical Method of pymetrozine Residue Cheng-peng HE,Feng Tang,Ri-mao Hua,Yong-de Yue 2008, 24 (11):  109-112.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 514360KB )   ( 711 ) High performance liquid chromatography was used to analysis pymetrozine residues in rice and apple.Residues of pymetrozine were extracted from rice with acetonitrile:ammonia(10:1,V:V) and apple with acetonitrile,cleaned up by SPE column,and determined by HPLC equipped with VWD.The average recoveries and coefficient of variations of the method were 75.99%～96.03%, 1.64%～4.74% for rice sample and 74.84%～86.28%, 1.67%～5.43% for apple sample.The minium detectable amount and concentration of pymetrozine were 6×10-10g and 0.02 mg•kg-1.The method of pymetrozine in rice and apple accords with demands of residue analysis of pesticide.

  Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Essential Oil from Garlic and Analysis by GC-MS Jin Xueyuan, Dong Haili, Qin Xia 2008, 24 (11):  113-116.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   PDF ( 437290KB )   ( 622 ) To discussion the extraction technology of garlic essential oil by supercritical fluid and to analysis the compositions of garlic essential oil ,the effect of extraction pressure, temperature, flow rate and time on essential oil yield were studied. Moreover , the components of essential oil were also analysised by GC-MS. The results were as follows: the optimum extraction pressure, temperature ,CO2 flow rate, extraction time for the extraction were 30Mpa, 45℃,10kg/h and 80min, respectively.24 components which most of them were surfur-containing compounds were found in garlic by GC-MS method .

  Studies on the Optimization of the Fermentation Conditions of Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactobacillus casei KL1 from Tibetan Kefir Liu Hui, Xiong Lixia, Han Rui, Chen Mo, Zhang HongXing 2008, 24 (11):  117-121.  Abstract + ( 2052 )   PDF ( 640872KB )   ( 911 ) In this paper, the Lactobacillus casei from Tibetan Kefir was used to screen for improving the environment factors of the yield of exopolysaccharide(EPS). The four factors affecting synthesize of exopolysaccharide of the fermentation conditions were determined by the four factors and three levels orthogonal experiments [L9(3)4]. The result was as follows: fermentation temperature—37℃, fermentation time—12h, origin pH of culture medium—6.5, amount of inoculation—5%. With the optimization conditions，the yield of exopolysaccharide was increased 1.39 times.

  System and Countermeasures for Safety Supervision of Apple and Apple Juice PU Yingyan,Zhenpeng Gao,Yahong Yuan,Yingkuan Wang 2008, 24 (11):  122-126.  Abstract + ( 1420 )   PDF ( 679004KB )   ( 799 ) Safety supervision of apple and apple juice is a systemic and urgent problem. This paper analyzes the relationships between economic agents on the supply chain of apple and apple juice, consumers and those agents, government and those agents. Based on the relationship mentioned above, the paper puts forward a new system and some countermeasures against safety supervision of apple and apple juice.

  Study on the Quality and Postharvest Physiology of different Forcing Culture of Strawberry Fruit Wang Anyuan, Shan Guolei, Ma Rong, Zhao Guanyan, Zhu Shidong 2008, 24 (11):  127-131.  Abstract + ( 1574 )   PDF ( 633830KB )   ( 746 ) Analyse the quality and Postharvest physiology change of different forcing culture of strawberry cultivars，it supplies a theoretical basis for introducing the new strawberry cultivars and prolonging strawberry storage time．The results indicate that Sweet Charlie show best fitness and quality，Its fruit is storable．With the storage increased，The hardness of strawberry fruits gradually declined with the storage days while the decay index increased gradually ,The repiratory rate of every strawberry fruits cultivars augments obviously（P<0.05）after three days storage，Vc content and SOD activity showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，MDA content and the production rate of O2&#8226;- are positively related to decay index，it indicates that fruit decay is closely related with the O2&#8226;- and MDA accumulation．

  农业基础科学

  Influences of Different Magnesium Levels over the Growth Rate for Different Stages of Wheat Seedlings Tong Guanhe, Xiao Jiajun, Sun Kun 2008, 24 (11):  132-138.  Abstract + ( 1728 )   PDF ( 774478KB )   ( 888 ) With the Sand culture method, influences of different magnesium levels (0%、50%、100%、150%、200% and 300%) was explored to the wheat seedlings of different stages. Many targets such as plant height, root length, biomass, content of chlorophyll, activity of root, RGY, RGR and ratio of root to crown of the wheat were mensurated at the time of 7d, 15d and 30d of two leaves stage of wheat seedlings after their endosperms were removed at different magnesium levels.The results showed that different magnesium levels had unlike influences over the wheat seedlings. The growth of whole wheat was suffered seriously influence when magnesium was lacked（0%）; promoting root growth and restraining the other parts growth happened when magnesium was deficient（50%） and there was a little influence when magnesium was excessive（150%、200%）, but with magnesium content addition（300%）, the influence became visible, especially for the roots of wheat. In the different magnesium level treatments, RGR vary with RGY, particularly prominent for the ground parts of wheat, but not for the roots. It showed that the variation rate of biomass was influenced mainly by leaf length for ground parts of the wheat and for the root, influenced not only by the primary root length, but also by the secondary roots. In addition, in the terms of RGR and RGY of 3 stages of wheat seedlings, the result was 15d>7d>30d.

  Determining Volatile Phenols in Tobacco &Cigarette by Continuously Flow Analysis Yu Ruiguo, Cai Mingzhao, Li Rong, Wang Lei 2008, 24 (11):  139-142.  Abstract + ( 1264 )   PDF ( 534485KB )   ( 707 ) Established a new method for determination of volatile phenols in tobacco &cigarette extracts by continuously flow analysis, The sample extracted by water is distillated under the 155℃ condition ,and the distillation medium is 16%(v/v)H3PO4.The volatile phenols reacts with 4-antipryrine and potassium ferricyanide, the pink reactant is measured using Continuously Flow Analysis method. Beer`s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0 mg/l—6 mg/l of phenol, the linear relationship is 0.9996, the detection limit(s/n=3) is 3.9ug/l, the average recovery is 98.5%-101.1%, and the relative standard deviation(RSD)is 1.9%(n=10).

  Analysis of quality test values in Brissica Napus selfing seeds and open pollinating seeds in Sichuan ecological region Zhang Jinfang, Pu Xiaobin, Li Haojie, Liu Pei, Huang Chi, Li Pu, Tang Junhua, Jiang Liangcai 2008, 24 (11):  143-145.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   PDF ( 415122KB )   ( 734 ) Abstract: Rude fat and glucosinolates contents in Brissica Napus L. selfing seeds and open pollinating seeds of 861 Brassica nanpus L. materials in Sichuan ecological region were tested by near-infrared spectroscopy ( NIRS ) on a near-infrared grain analyzer, and the test values of two type seeds were compared. The rude fat test values of open pollinating seeds was higher than the values of selfing seeds at large and the difference in results between two type seeds was at 1 percent significant level. Meanwhile, the difference in results between selfing seeds and open pollinating seeds was not significant when glucosinolates contents were concerned. It indicated that the bags using for self pollinating do some influence on the rude fat content in the rapeseeds, so the test values of open pollinating seeds by near-infrared spectroscopy should be pay more attention than the ones of selfing seeds, and the glucosinolates contents test values of selfing seeds and open pollinating seeds have same importance in Brissica Napus breeding selection. The correlation coefficients of rude fat and glucosinolates contents test values of the two type seeds were at 1 percent significant level; The relationships of rude fat and glucosinolates contents test values could be described with linear regressive formulas respectively.

  advances of research on plant pollen culture Wu Chong,, Tang Shumei, ZhangYong, Zhong Chonglu 2008, 24 (11):  146-149.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 549597KB )   ( 1039 ) In this paper, domestic and oversea study progress on pollen culture was reviewed, significance and influencing factors on pollen culture were systematically introduced, and broad prospects and existing problems of pollen culture were discussed.

  Effect of different extract conditions on quantity of nicotine in tobacco Yin Siya, Wang Jie, Wang Min, 2008, 24 (11):  150-155.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 649595KB )   ( 847 ) This test used tobacco as raw materials, methanol as impregnant, extracted nicotine in tobacco by ultrasonic wave, then determined nicotine by gas chromatography. Studied effect of different concentrations of methanol，ultrasonic time and the ratios of material to liquor on quantity of nicotine in tobacco. The results show that extract nicotine in tobacco by Ultrasonic, this method is very easy and quick .When concentration of methanol was 40%, the quantity of nicotine was 41.52 ±0.28μg/g; when ultrasonic time was 45 min, the quantity of nicotine was 39.92±0.25μg/g; when the ratio of material to liquor was 1∶20, the quantity of nicotine was 42.21±0.16 μg/g .And the also studied relationship of different concentrations of methanol（x1）, ultrasonic time（x2）, the ratios of material to liquor（x3） and the quantity of nicotine（y）by using method of multiple regression orthogonal design. Got the regression equation of extraction quantity of nicotine and different conditions : y＝88.936－6.894x1＋2.086x2－2.439x3－3.164x1x3.

  林业科学

  Applications and prospects of RS，GIS and GPS Technology in Forestry Liu Tao, Gu Jiancai, Chen Fengjuan, Teng Qihe, Li Xiao 2008, 24 (11):  156-159.  Abstract + ( 1995 )   PDF ( 610460KB )   ( 1201 ) Abstract: This paper has discussed the conception，theory, method and character of “3S’”technology. The main purpose was to investigate application situation of forest resource survey and monitoring, forest fire，forest pest and disease monitoring，forest mapping and wildlife resources, etc. The authors put forward some suggestions of the current problems.

  The effects of salicylic acid stress on the leaves nucleic acid and protein synthesis Yang Mei, Lin Sizu, Cao Guangqiu 2008, 24 (11):  160-164.  Abstract + ( 1259 )   PDF ( 516496KB )   ( 748 ) The responses of nucleic acid and protein in leaf were analyzed objecting to two Chinese fir clones with different resistance to salicylic acid stress. The results showed that, in most situations, salicylic acid stress inhabited the DNA synthesis of endurance type clone and promoted its RNA synthesis and the effect characteristics on the sensitivity type was opposite to the endurance type. At the initial period all concentration levels had higher stimulatory effects on the protein content of the sensitivity type than that of endurance type. At the intermediate and later periods, the stimulatory effect on sensitivity type appeared decreasing trend, while the stimulatory effect on endurance type increased continuously with the increasing concentration. Those evidences hinted there were different genetic expression modulations between the two resistance types. The RNA and protein contents of endurance type increased with the increasing stress intensity, which indicated that it aroused more protein to participate in the stress response to enhance its resistance.

  The Quantitative Relation of the Main Tree Population Competition In Baotianman natural Reserve Area Yan Dongfeng, Huang Jiarong 2008, 24 (11):  165-168.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   PDF ( 496441KB )   ( 994 ) Applying 53 Object tree and competitive tree’s survey data, using Hegyi individual tree competition index model, the relation of intra-specific and inter-specific competition in platycarya strobilacea and var.acuteserrata distributed in Baotianman area was quantitatively analyzed. The result shows that inter-specific competition of var.acuteserrata populations is greater than intra-specific competition, and intra-specific competition of platycarya strobilacea is less than inter-specific competition.The calculation of competition intensity from the object within the scope which on wood 2，4，6，8 m shows that the greatest competition intensity of var.acuteserrata and platycarya strobilacea appears in the 0-2 m scope，Object tree competitive strength and size of the diameter between obeying the power function of the form, and reached 20 cm diameter at breast height after the intensity of competition in the rate decreases.

  The effects of thinning intensities on plant species diversity of Chen Fengjuan, Gu Jiancai, Huang Dongmei, Liu Tao, Wu Huixin, Shi Lili, Li Weiwei 2008, 24 (11):  169-173.  Abstract + ( 1567 )   PDF ( 612945KB )   ( 933 ) Abstract: In this paper, we studied the influence of a thinning intensities on the species diversity of understory plants in Larix principis Plantation in Sai Hanba mechanical forest farm of ChengDe.the three different treatment of thinning intensities are 225 trees/hm2，525 trees/hm2 and 735 trees/hm2 。Based on the calculations of diversity such as Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Gleason index，we analyzed the species diversity of understory plants in Pinus Larix principis Plantation. The results showed that thinning had altered the understory light conditions, improved the growth of plant species diversity。There were 1.1－1.4 times species in all of the thinned plantations more than those of in the control plantations. The richness and Diversity of plant species were higher in Larix principis Plantation with different thinning intensities than those in the control area。Thinning improved richness and Diversity of plant species and mid-thinning intensity group was the most obviously。The richness and Diversity plant specie of herb layers were more 10.7-11.5 times and2.3—4.8 times than shrub layers in the three different treatment of thinning intensities of Larix principis Plantation。Coverage and density increased with the increase of thinning intensities of forest, and the community vertical structure became much clearer for the heavy thinning group。

  Progress on Hybridization Breeding of Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Ma Qinghua,, Xu Jiuru, Wang Guixi, Yao Lixin 2008, 24 (11):  174-178.  Abstract + ( 1693 )   PDF ( 647296KB )   ( 1021 ) Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is one of the unique and traditional trees in China. As most of the cultivars have specific limitations, we urgently need to perform hybridization breeding in the future cultivars culture of Chinese jujube at present. Manpower hybridization breeding had many handicaps in Chinese jujube for reasons of their tiny flowers, low ratio of fruit-setting and less seeds in the stones in most cultivars. This review mainly summarized the progress on hybridization breeding of Chinese jujube, which included the florescent characteristices, the germination law of the pollen, the reproductive traits, the cross-fertilizing methods of Chinese jujube and the selection of the male and female parents. Traits separation laws of the natural hybridized seedlings by the “part segregation method”, the importance of hybridization breeding of Chinese jujube and its prospect were also discussed in this review.

  农艺科学

  Review of study on technique of crop nitrogen diagnosis feng wei,yonghua wang,yingxin xie,guozhang kang,yunji zhu,tiancai guo 2008, 24 (11):  179-185.  Abstract + ( 1365 )   PDF ( 941503KB )   ( 1107 ) Nitrogen is one of the necessary nutrient elements for crop growth and yield formation. The paper interpretes the study background and need on technique of crop nitrogen diagnosis in agricultural production, introduces development course and trends of crop nitrogen monitoring and diagnosis in crop production, and summarizes domestic and overseas advances of crop nitrogen diagnosis technique. The non-destructive, rapid and accurate monitoring and diagnosis of crop nitrogen nutrition is of significance, and which improves sustainable development of agricultural production and environment protection．

  Analysis of the main quality traits of wheat varieties big acreage planting at Shandong in last two yers Gao Jurong, Peng Li, Wang Xiuqin, Sun Zhiying, Feng Deshun, Li Xingfeng, Wang Honggang 2008, 24 (11):  186-188.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 334228KB )   ( 700 ) Abstract： the PC，WA，WG，DT and ST of 25 wheat varieties were determinatiied by :near infrared spectroscopy technology in order to provide basic information for use in Shandong wheat character breeding parent partnership.the results showed that, the protein conten and wgluten conten are up to the standard of the strong wgluten wheat of 68.00% and 64.00%. Developmention and development time are up to the standard of the midding wgluten wheat of 72.00%. 10.00% wheat varieties are the strong wgluten wheat 90.00% wheat varieties are the midding wgluten wheat.there is a lack of the feebleness wgluten wheat in 25 wheat varieties.

  Breeding and Application of Excellent Maize Inbred Line 698-3 Tang Hai-Tao 2008, 24 (11):  189-193.  Abstract + ( 3000 )   PDF ( 610597KB )   ( 871 ) 698-3 is an excellent maize inbred line breeding by Crop Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The maize inbred line 698-3 has multiple good characters such as high combining ability, high-yield, high-quality, multiple diseases-resistance and adaptability to high densities et al. The maize hybrids which one of parents as 698-3 have such characters as high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistance, lodging-resistance and special usage. All of these maize hybrids had extensive popularized and come into being remarkable society and economic effects.

  The Research on the Trend of the Development of the Seeds of Cotton in Anhui ［中］马同富 ［英］Ma Tong-Fu 2008, 24 (11):  194-196.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 477506KB )   ( 693 ) At first, it reviewed the generating situation of the seeds of cotton in Fuyang, Anhui, in the past 59 years, and analysised the five phrases of the practice of the products. It researched the recent condition and the features of the work of the seeds of cotton. The main trend is to complete the system of good breeding, to place the varieties properly, to improve the quality of packing, to prompt the common seed and to bring forward the measures and suggestions of practice.

  On the Correlativity Between the Photosynthetic Rate of Morus Australis Poir and the Leads Degree of Air Hole as Well as Tiny Meteorological Phemomena Factors 2008, 24 (11):  197-201.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 543184KB )   ( 874 ) Abstract: The photosynthetic rate of morus australis poir is an important physical indicator of morus. The essay focuses on the analysis and discussion on the physical factor and the tiny meteorological phenomena factor, both of which exert effect on the photosynthetic rate of morus australis poir. With the help of an LI6400 portable photosynthetic determinator, the findings of a 24-hour close observation over the tiny meteorological phenomena factor during the mature period of morus australis poir are as follows: First, the correlativity between the leads degree of air hole and the photosynthetic rate and the transpiration rate of the blade is positive; second, the correlativity between the CO2 density of the morus australis poir and the leads degree of air hole is negative. The CO2 density exerts different effect on the leads degree of air hole at different stages, namely, the higher the density level is, the greater the effect will be; finally, among the tiny meteorological phenomena factors affecting the photosynthetic rate of morus australis poir, the correlativity between the illumination intensity as well as the blade temperature and the photosynthetic rate of morus australis poir blade is positive accordingly, and the photosynthetic rate decreases as the CO2 density of the morus australis poir increases. It is self-evident that the leads degree of air hole of morus australis poir is closely ralated to the photosynthetic rate of the blade and the CO2 density of the morus australis poir, in particular, more closely related to the transpiration rate; as important exterior factors, such meteorological phenomena factors as the illumination intensity, the CO2 density and the blade temperature have an great effect on the photosynthetic rate of the morus australis poir blade.

  Review on Salt Tolerance of Wheat Liu Yanli, Xu Haixia, Liu Guizhen, Jin yan, Chen Ping, Cui Dangqun 2008, 24 (11):  202-207.  Abstract + ( 1448 )   PDF ( 746379KB )   ( 1201 ) This paper summarizes the latest advances in the studies on salt stress of wheat through the effects of germination and emergence of wheat, the responses of agronomic traits of wheat, osmotic adjustment of accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activities, the selectivity of absorption and transportation to K +and Na+ of wheat, the content of polyamine, plasmalemma NADPH oxidase activity and the effects of photoinhibition of wheat under salt stress.

  Studies on Effects on Yield of Erigeron breviscapus under Different Cropping Density Yang Shuyan, Yang Xianghong, Li Yanlan, Zhang Ziwei, Shen Xianghong, Du Yuping 2008, 24 (11):  208-210.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 304171KB )   ( 719 ) Purpose: Through experiment, finding out the best cropping density that reduce cropping cost in order to improve per unit area yield and the economic effect. Method: Adopt the random area group experiment. Result: It is benefit for single plantlet or thicket growing to develop that increase planting space. The cropping density is higher the yield is higher. There are three factors of composing output which are row room, space and single or pair of plants. Among three factors, row room contributes to the most yield, space take the second place, pair of plant contributes less yield than space. The cost of growing seedling and cropping management are composed by three factors: row room > pair of plant > space Conclusion: The best compose of cropping density is 20cm*10cm by row room and space with pair plant.

  Research on the Variety Screening and Safety Production Technology of Chongming Yam 2008, 24 (11):  211-214.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 576442KB )   ( 691 ) Through the variety screening of Chongming yam, applications of fertilizers and diseases and pests control and other critical systems technology, the yam variety with good quality and high yield which adapts to the production in local area and its safety production technology have fundamentally identified. The results of safety production technology of Chongming yam showed that: compared with the conventional demonstration area, in the safety production standardization demonstration area, the yield per 667㎡ increased from 2197 kg to 3081 kg and increased by 40.24%, moreover by using insecticide lamps and rational use of pesticides with highly active and low mammalian toxicity and low residue, the control effects to underground pests increased from 43.6% to 94%, and the damage rate of product decreased from 95.6 % to 1.6 %. A set of operating rules of pollution-free standardization production techniques of Chongming yam was formulated. The 135.3 hm2 demonstration trials showed that the average yield of yam per 667 m2 increased from 2565 kg to 3087 kg, can increase the economic benefit 1058 yuan, and can increase economic benefit 214.7 million yuan in 135.3hm2.

  Preliminary Research on Biological Characteristic and factors of yield Components of Yiyou 99 2008, 24 (11):  215-219.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 634964KB )   ( 679 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The research was made in order to determine the biological characteristic and cultivation techniques of hybrid rice Yiyou 99. 【METHOD】The data of regional trial, production experiment and multiple-point demonstrations of Yiyou 99 in fujian province were analyzed, the biological characteristics were analysed and high-yield cultivation techniques was put forward.【RESULTS】The results of regional trials by two years showed that Yiyou 99 had high-yield、good-quality and high-adaptability. The analysis of correlation and path showed that the effective panicle per area and grain number per panicle had a greater effect on rice yield, but they had indistinctive correlation with yield. seedset also had a greater effect on rice yield,and had apparent postive correlation with yield, 1000-grain weight had a smaller effect on rice yield,and had indistinctive correlation with yield. 【CONCLUSION】Based on suitable rice density,Cultivation strategy for high yield should be taken to accelerate seedset and grain number per panicle, and establish perfect high-yield colony to coordinate ear-kemel structure.

  Combining Ability Analysis and Evaluation on Ga Waxy Corn Inbred Lines Liu Yan Liu 2008, 24 (11):  224-227.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 438355KB )   ( 627 ) Abstract: The NCⅡ design was used to carry out incomplete diallel crosses between three genetic improved Ga waxy inbred lines as paternal and eight waxy inbred lines as maternal. The main agronomic traits were identified in 24 hybrid combinations to analyze combining ability of main agronomic characters in Ga waxy inbred lines. The results showed that the difference of general combining ability (GCA) and special combining ability (SCA) for agronomic traits of paternal and maternal were highly significant. The Ga waxy inbred lines had good combining ability effects. The Ga inbred line CM327 had higher GCA effects and its hybrid combinations had obvious advantages in many traits such as yield, ear height and number of kernels per row. The Ga inbred line CM327 had good potential in heterosis utilization. The breeding and application of Ga waxy inbred lines were in favor of germplasm amplification and heterosis utilization in waxy corn.

  Research of Effects of Fertilization Techniques on Yields of Late Maturity Japonica and Glutinous Rice Cultivar “Wan Dao 68” Wang Xiangping, Feng Heping, Chen Nan, Chen Gang, Huang Yide 2008, 24 (11):  228-230.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 446740KB )   ( 683 ) In this study, plot experiment which included different nitrogen rates, different nitrogen topdressing stages and different ratios of npk was designed to study fertilizer application techniques for high yield, high quality and high benefit of late maturity japonica and glutinous rice cultivar “Wan Dao 68”.The results showed that 300.0～337.5kg/hm2 pure nitrogen were essential in yield production level above 10000 kg/hm2; The nitrogen topdressing stage was from inverse fourth stage to inverse third stage and the fitting time was in the last 10-day period of July while nitrogen fertilizer ratio of basal-tillering and panicle was 7:3; the suitable ratios of npk were 1:0.3:0.3～0.6.

  The Investigation Research of Fertilization about Several Main Characteristic Fruit Trees in Xinjiang Chai Zhongping, Jiang Ping’an, Wang Xuemei, Chen Bolang, Sun Xia 2008, 24 (11):  231-234.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   PDF ( 584090KB )   ( 1045 ) Take several main characteristic fruit trees in Xinjiang （Malus, Pyrus, Jujuba, Regia）as the objects of study, take peasant household as the unit to investigate fruit trees fertilization in Akesu city. The results showed that the basal fertilizer of four kinds of fruit trees is sheep excrement primarily, sometimes supplemented by a small amount of diesel oil. While additional fertilizer is diamidogen, urea and amino acid ammonium mainly; Acre application rate presents Malus > Pyrus > Jujuba > Regia and shows decreasing tendency, N:P2O5:K2O in fertilizer nutrient for the fruitful trees is 1:0.92:0.08, 1:0.94:0.02, 1:0.72:0.03 and 1:1.35:0.06 in turn; The frequency of application and the time of application have the difference because of the local climate and the orchard irrigation time, the frequency of application followed by 3,4,5,3.

  Correlation Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Starch RVA Profiles of Restore lines of hybrid rice in indica Zhu Manshan, Fu Fuhong, Huang Huijun, Wang Feng, Liu Wuge, Liu Zhenrong, Li Jinhua, Huang Dejuan, Liao Yilong, Chen Jianwei 2008, 24 (11):  235-239.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 584461KB )   ( 708 ) In rice quality improvement, starch pasting viscosity tested by Rapid Visco Analyser(RVA) servers as important index in estimating the eating and cooking quality of rice. The objectives of this study were to investigate analyze their correlations and clusters using restore lines of hybrid rice in indica and their check (CK) with different eating and cooking quality. The results showed as follows: (1) Setback (SBV) had largest coefficient of variation, followed by breakdown (BDV), consistence (CSV), paste viscosity (CPV), hot paste viscosity (HPV) and peak viscosity (PKV). (2) The tight relationship among RVA profiles was found. There were very significant（P＜0.01） positive correlations among HPV , CPV, SBV and CSV, between PKV and BDV., significant（P＜0.05） negative correlation between HPV and BDV, very significant negative correlations between BDV and CPV, SBV,CSV respectively. (3) Restore lines of hybrid rice in indica and their CK could be clustered into three types based on starch RVA profiles. Every type had also clustered into two subtypes. There were distinctions in three types based on SBV. The first(Ⅰ) type had highest SBV(37.4RVU～156.8RVU)，the second (Ⅱ) lowest(-141.2RVU～-86.0RVU).The third(Ⅲ) type had SBV in betweenⅠtype and Ⅱtype(-83.6RVU～23.7RVU). There were distinctions in two subtypes of Ⅰtype based on PKV and HPV, two subtypes of Ⅱtype based on PKV . However, There were distinctions in two subtypes of Ⅲ type based on combination of PKV, HPV, BDV, SBV and CSV.

  植物生理科学

  Influence of Sustained Sub-low Temperature on the Physiological and Biochemical Indices of Muskmelon(Cucumismelon L.) Seedings Liu Jing’an, Sun Yuwen, Qi Jiabao, Kou Hongchao, Li Yong 2008, 24 (11):  240-243.  Abstract + ( 1735 )   PDF ( 498887KB )   ( 791 ) Six melon varieties (Jiuhongrui, 2-64, Jiuqingmi, 002, Jiucuimi, Jiuxian), falling into three cultivars, were used as test materials in order to study the effects of sustained sub-low temperature in night(8~15 ℃）and normal in daytime on the physiological and biochemical indexes at seedings stage. The results showed that: during the sustained sub-low temperature treatments, the changes of soluble protein content increase in the beginning and decrease in the later in all varieties. the soluble protein content of Jiuqingmi decrease in the first and increase in the later, others decrease all the time.The change of electrolytic leakage is , the electrolytic leakage of Jiuqingmi and 2-64 decreases, others’ increase. The proline content of Jiuqingmi, Jiuhongrui and Jiuxian decrease first and increase later,others’ decrease all the time. the changes of proline content in Jiuqingmi、002 and Jiuxian decrease in the first and increase in the later, Jiuhongrui and 2-64 decrease all the time, Jiucuimi increase in the first and decrease in the later. The authors kow from the comprehensive analysis , Jiuqingmi and Jiuhongrui have better tolerance of the sustained low temperature and can be used in production.

  Premna microphylla Turcz. by solution culture to induce adventitious roots in winter Fang Jiangyu, Wang Shiqiang, Fang Jianxin, Shi Haibing, Zhou Jie, Gui Yueming 2008, 24 (11):  244-246.  Abstract + ( 1157 )   PDF ( 440413KB )   ( 705 ) Wild plants Premna microphylla Turcz. is of great development value. In order to understand the growth potential and inducing characteristics of the adventitious roots in winter, Premna was cultured via soil culture or solution culture in the room in winter. The results showed that Premna branches in the winter have rooting potential, and the induction of root was greatly decided by the environmental factors. Under the same temperature and light, Premna branches by soil culture sprouted without rooting. Compared to that, Premna by solution culture has not only grown sprouts, 10 percent of the plants induced adventitious root. In solution culture, balanced mineral nutrition can promote root growth and induction. For example, Premna cultured in 1/10 Hoagland nutrient solution was induced roots 6d earlier than that without any mineral elements, and the quantity was more than3.3. By solution culture Premna has the root of stout, very few branches. Premna rooting for auxin-induced effect was not obvious.

  Progress on mechanism of aluminum tolerance in barley WANG Hua,TAO Yuezhi 2008, 24 (11):  247-250.  Abstract + ( 1393 )   PDF ( 448538KB )   ( 676 ) Toxicity of ionic aluminum (Al) to the plant root is a major limiting factor for crop production in acid soils. Barley is the most Al-sensitive species in the poaceae. Variations in Al tolerance were observed in different barley cultivars. A dominant gene (Alp) responsible for Al tolerance in barley was identified on the long arm of chromosome 4 as revealed by genetic analysis. The present review highlights the recent progress made over the past several years on the mechanism of Al tolerance in barley, including cloning and functional analysis of the Al tolerance gene Alp, and functional comparison of the Al tolerance genes in other cereal crops as well.

  Change of carbon metabolism in Transgenic Anti-sense Thioredoxin s Gene Wheat in the process of germination Ren Jiangping, Li Lei, Wang Xinguo, Wang Zhenyun, Yin Jun 2008, 24 (11):  251-254.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 525509KB )   ( 764 ) To clarify the function mechanism of antisense - thioredoxin s (anti-trxs) gene in transgenic wheat with pre-harvest resistant sprouting characteristic, the thioredoxin h and amylase activities, starch and soluble sugar contents in transgenic line and non-transgenic cultivar ‘Yumai 34’ were detected during seed germination stage. The results indicated that the activities of thioredoxin h, α- amylase and β-amylase were lowered significantly and the velocities of starch degradation and soluble sugar production decreased distinctly. During germinating days 1-5d, the activities of thioredoxin h, α- amylase and β-amylase were 24.5%, 40.4% and 23.1% lower than non-transgenic seeds, respectively. The velocities of starch degradation and soluble sugar production decreased by 23.7% and 23%, respectively.

  Primary Study on Growth Regularity (Generational Characteristic) of Transgenic Yu Yu, Zhou Xiaofeng, Li Baocheng, Kong Xianhui, Chen Hong, Wang Xuwen, Liu Li 2008, 24 (11):  255-257.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 393848KB )   ( 618 ) Cotton area of Xinjiang becomes one of three cotton big area of china. It is grievous that more and more bollworms disserve cotton recently. Primarily penman studies on Growth Regularity (generational characteristic) of Transgenic Bollworm-resisting Cotton, for transgenic bollworm-resisting cotton are used and developed in Xinjiang. And the result is as follows: Early-maturing transgenic bollworm-resisting cotton grows slowly in earlier stage and grows quickly in later stage. The boll stage of transgenic bollworm-resisting cotton is long. By comparison with local early-maturing cotton variety, during the course of boll growth early-maturing transgenic bollworm-resisting cotton boll reach the maximum fresh weight 7 days later, lost water slower , increase volume and dried weight the same as it; ginning outturn is lower; in a day the maximum photosynthesis rate appears later, furthermore, the maximum value is lower. The results of study on growth regularity of transgenic bollworm-resisting cotton indicated: It gives priority to provide abundance fertilizer and water to accelerate cotton planting growth in early stage and regulate fertilizer and water to avoid serotinous in later stage.

  土壤肥料科学

  Effects of Application of Different Types of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on the Growth and Quality of the Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves Tang lina, Chen Shunhui 2008, 24 (11):  258-262.  Abstract + ( 1867 )   PDF ( 563353KB )   ( 985 ) In the condition of the same supply of N, P, K, the amount organic-N was 25% of total N, the field experiment was done to investigate the growth and quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves by applying different type of organic fertilizer such as rapeseed cake manure, chicken manure, organic-fertilizerⅠand organic-fertilize Ⅱcombined chemical fertilizer. The results showed that combining application of organic-chemical fertilizers could increase disease resistance, could raise the contents of P ,K and Cl in the flue-cured tobacco leaves, decreased the concentration s of nitrogen and nicotine in the flue-cured tobacco leaves in the four organic fertilizer treatments compared with chemical fertilizer treatment , but the total sugar content of flue-cured tobacco leaves was no significant difference among the treatments. The results also showed that rapeseed cake manure, chicken manure, organic-fertilizerⅠcombined chemical fertilizer could obtain high quality leaves containing the suitable ratio of nicotine and total sugar .The sensory evaluation indicated the high flavor quality of leaves could obtained by the treatment . the leaves in rapeseed cake manure, chicken manure, organic-fertilizerⅠtreatments had the characteristics of good aroma quantity ,full aroma quality, small odor ,suitable irritation. The results showed that the ratio of qualified tobacco leaves was increased ,and output value was increased in rapeseed cake manure, chicken manure, organic-fertilizerⅠtreatments. These indicated that rapeseed cake manure, chicken manure, organic-fertilizerⅠshould be idea organic fertilizers for Fujian tobacco growing areas.

  Effects of Foliar Nutrition of KH2PO4, Zn and Mn for Winter Wheat on Dry Land Zheng Xianfeng, Zhang Yingli, Wang Chunyang, Tuo Xiuli, Zhou Jianbin 2008, 24 (11):  263-266.  Abstract + ( 1704 )   PDF ( 488360KB )   ( 763 ) (College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, shaanxi 712100) Abtract: Better effects can be made by foliage spraying micro-nutrient (Zn + Mn) from jointing stage to booting stage or KH2PO4 at filling stage. Foliage spraying micro-nutrient (Zn + Mn) from jointing to booting stage increase the production of winter wheat remarkable, relatively higher 18.4% than CK. The thousand grain weight can be raised after foliage spraying at booting stage, but the grain protein content of winter wheat isn’t influenced by KH2PO4.

  Effects of Potassium nutrition on Growth of Cotton on Liquid Foster Chen Bolang, Sheng Jiandong, Jiang Ping’an, Ma Deying 2008, 24 (11):  267-271.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   PDF ( 570161KB )   ( 879 ) This experiment is conducted to study effects of potassium nutrition on growth of cotton through water culturing. The main results were as follows:.compared with CK, the growth of cotton was promoted obviously, and stem height , the leaf area were all increased because of boosting of K concentration in nutrient properly. Under this trial conditions, a cotton high growth assumes "S" the shape curve growth is the initial period slow, intermediate stage quick, later period also is slow, until stops growing. The velocity of stem growth assumes the single apex curve variety.The sufficient K nutrition also promoted the cotton root system growth, the activity of roots, the total absorption and active absorption area were increased, but there is discrepancy in difference varieties, low potassium surpasses high potassium and CK about "XinLuzao 13" , "ZhongMian36" is more superior along with the K concentration increasing.The content of Chla, Chlb and Chl were all increased with the improving of K in nutrient,but high potassium was not propitious to the synthesis of chlorophyll, two varieties cottons display consistently, the content of chlorophyll of low potassium is more than that of high potassium,which is more than that of CK in this experiment.

  Characteristics of NPK nutrition and as affected by fertilization for fall-sowing sweet corn Chen Jiansheng, Xu Peizhi, Tang Shuanhu, Zhang Fabao, Xie Kaizhi, Huang Xu 2008, 24 (11):  272-277.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   PDF ( 656074KB )   ( 685 ) Abstract: A field trial indicated that plant P content did not significantly change in all growth stages, while NK contents kept declining and NPK uptake kept increasing from early to late stages. Addition of NK fertilizers obviously plant NK contents and NPK uptake, however, addition of P did not significantly influence plant P content and uptake. Based on the fact that plant NK contents at seedling were about 6 times as those at harvesting, and launching of NK uptake occurred during silking, it is believed that the two stages should be the most sensitive nutrition periods for sweet corn production, thus demanding sufficient nutrition supply from the soil.

  Problem and Solutions of Soil and Fertilizers in Agricultural Sustainable Development Wang Yilun, Zhang Xu, Tan Jinfang, Han Yanlai 2008, 24 (11):  278-281.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   PDF ( 654416KB )   ( 1060 ) In this paper, the idea of sustainable development is introduced, also are the necessary of actualizing agricultural sustainable development and the main content of agricultural sustainable development in China. Then it is discussed that significance of soil and fertilizer in the agricultural sustainable development. Aiming at existent problems, such as soil quality declining, soil polluting, farmland decreasing, fertilizer resources shortage, low utilization ratio of fertilizer and environment pollution caused by unreasonable fertilizer. Some measures are put forward, establishing and perfecting land laws，increasing organic manure and reaching farmland, strengthening fundamental research of soil and fertilizer, developing new fertilizers, improving fertilization technology and carrying out integrated nutrient resources management strategy.

  园艺园林科学

  Absorption and Distribution of Nutrient Element in Lily during Bulblet Swelling Development Jing Yanli,, Zhou Yunwei 2008, 24 (11):  282-286.  Abstract + ( 1616 )   PDF ( 589302KB )   ( 685 ) The characteristic of nutrient absorption and distribution in lily (Longiflrorum and Asiatic hybrids ‘Evening Star’) were investigated during the bulblet swelling development, the circumference of which is 4～6cm. The results indicated that nutrition element stored in bulblet was consumed for new leaves and stem growing before plantlet stage. From plantlet stage to harvest stage, the Nitrogen，Phosphorus and Potassium element was continuously being absorbed in by lily. The period of the most rapid nutrient absorption was from the half-withering stage to the harvest stage last about thirty-seven days, during which the absorption ratio of N. P. and K was 1:0.14:1.09. Before the flower bud appearance, the absorbed nutrient elements mainly allocated to leaves and stem. And the concentration of N. P. and K. reached their peak in every parts of lily plant at plantlet stage. Twenty-two days later after removing flower bud at visible bud stage, more and more uptake nutrient elements deposited to the swelling bulblt. The nutrient elements. Only about ten percent of the nutrient elements in lily was allocated to roots and the daughter bulblets.

  Establishment of fluorescence in situ hybridization in narcissus Wu Jinghua, Zhang Zhizhong, Lv Liuxin 2008, 24 (11):  287-289.  Abstract + ( 1488 )   PDF ( 417461KB )   ( 777 ) Abstract: Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, 45S rDNA as probe, was established in narcissus in the study. It showed that the modified procedures could be further used to identify genetic relationship narcissus cultivars. Flame-drying protocol after enzyme digestion of cell wall was a good method for getting clear and well dispersed narcissus chromosome. With probe DNA labeled by nick translation, and co-denaturation of chromosome DNA and probe for 5 min at 90℃, the rDNA was successfully localizated by FISH method.

  Research on Planning and Design of Agriculture and Tourism Gardens With the Development and Utilization of Mountain Sights With the Development and Utilization of Mountain Sights 2008, 24 (11):  290-293.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   PDF ( 637923KB )   ( 1022 ) There has been appearing lots of agriculture and tourism gardens in China recent years, most of which are constructed on plain or flat ground. With the views of landscape, this paper is trying to talk about how to use the advantage of the mountain areas to contribute special agriculture and tourism gardens which have mountainous sights. By which I hope to help the plan of agriculture and tourism gardens of this kinds to obtain comparatively good economic and social benefits.

  Studies on the hard seed explode methods of Kummerowia stipulacea Sun Yang, Wang Kuiling, Liu Qinghua, Liu Qingchao, Tang Qihe, Zhang Junfang, Liu Tianyu 2008, 24 (11):  294-296.  Abstract + ( 1177 )   PDF ( 419357KB )   ( 678 ) Abstract: Kummerowia stipulacea was good garden ground cover plant,its propagation mode mainly in sowing , but hard rate of its seeds was very high , seriously effected absorption and germination of seeds . In the treatment, the seeds were sooked by H2SO4, simultaneously soaked in hot water and mechanical abrasion with coarse sand . The results showed that the best result was obtained in trial when the concentrated sulfuricacid was used for 6 minutes and the seeds soaked in hot water under 60℃ for 10 min, the germination percentages were recorded at 93.33% and 94.67% .

  Study on Effect of Nutrient Supply of Seedling Substrates on Seedling Growth of Marigold and Petunia Dong Aixiang, Wang Tao, Zhang Huali, Zhang Xixi 2008, 24 (11):  297-301.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 539823KB )   ( 692 ) Effect of adding different concentrations of N, P and K in substrate of its composition with turf: vermiculite = 4: 1 on seedling growth of marigold and petunia were studied by the orthogonal test. The results showed that effects of seedling growth of two kinds of flowers were different among N, P and K with various concentrations ratio. Two kinds of flowers grew rapidly in seedling substrates with low N and middle P and K （0.1 Kg/m3 N、0.4 Kg/m3 P2O5、0.4 Kg/m3 K2O）, and also grew rapidly in seedling substrates with low N and high P and K（0.1 Kg/m3 N、0.8 Kg/m3 P2O5、0.8Kg/m3 K2O）. The effects of these substrates approach or exceed those of imported substrate. Marigold seedling grew most rapidly in seedling substrates with low N , middle P and high K（N 0.2 kg/m3、P2O5 0.4 kg/m3、K2O 0.8 kg/m3）, while petunia seedling grew most rapidly in seedling substrates with middle N and high P and K（N 0.4 kg/m3、P2O5 0.8 kg/m3、K2O 0.8 kg/m3）

  The Study of Relationships Between Canopy Structure and Photosynthesis Wang Jianxin, Niu Zimian 2008, 24 (11):  302-306.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   PDF ( 698580KB )   ( 1450 ) In order to study relativity between different canopy and photosynthesis, provide orientation for agriculture production and theory research. this article analysis the effects of canopy structure: cultivated density and canopy thickness, canopy azimuth angle and gradient, canopy height and interline distance, canopy stretch degree, leaf area coefficient, leaf area density; fruit photosynthesis characteristics: leaf optical characteristics required, changes in law of fruit Pn’s season and day; the internal and external effects of photosynthesis; light interception and distribution, the paper puts forward some exiting problems and provides direction for future research.

  Effects of Enhanced UV- Radiation on Morphological and Physiological Characters of Welsh Onion Xu Jingjing, Li Jing, Feng Xihuan, Liu Weixin 2008, 24 (11):  307-309.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 395294KB )   ( 629 ) In this study，the effects of UV-B radiation on plant height, stem diameter, water content, contents of flavonoid , chlorophyll , V c and soluble solid of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) were studied. The results were as followings: plant height, the content of chlorophyll b and flavonoid content were significantly affected by enhanced UV-B radiation. However, contents of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, water, V c, and soluble solid were not significantly affected.

  Effects of Different Media on Rooting of Night Jusmine Cutting Wang Xuejuan, Zhang Xueping, Han Mei 2008, 24 (11):  310-314.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   PDF ( 606696KB )   ( 644 ) Effects of different media on rooting of the cutting of night jusmine were studied. The results showed that the growth of the rooting in different media is unlike, perlite + vermiculite (1:1) and perlite have better effects; The results also showed that the rooting length, thickness and weight of the night jusmine on different media have great effects. vermiculite + perlite (1:1) has better impacts; According to the determining of the rooting viability, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar and other physiological index, ermiculite + perlite (1:1) and perlite are better. From the above indicators it is easy to know that vermiculite + perlite (1:1) on the night jusmine cutting is more favorable.

  Study in florescence control of Oncidium Zhang Yongbo 2008, 24 (11):  315-318.  Abstract + ( 1558 )   PDF ( 493272KB )   ( 846 ) In this research ,six varieties oncidium (langxi、honeysugar、milliongolds、redcat、paris oncidium and spider oncidium)were tested by using difference illumination、temperature、fertilization proportionment and plant growth regulator, optimum illumination intension for flower buds’s bourgeon is 19000lx, optimum temperature (day temperature～night temperature) 28～17℃，the optimum proportionment of fertileization: N:P:K=10:30:20，hasten blossom in this condition, honey sugar、milliongolds and paris oncidium’s flower rate can achieve 70% above, langxi is 55% and redcat can achieve 66%. The buds’ differentiation of spider oncidium must be treated by low temperature, after 60 days by using the treatment of 25～15℃(day～night),flowerbuds rate can achieve 72.3%. In this paper, 6-BA has no obvious effect on the flowerbuds rate.

  Allozyme Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Pyrus spp. Hu Hongju, Wang Youping, Zhang Jingguo, Tian Rui, Chen Qiliang, Yang Xiaoping 2008, 24 (11):  319-323.  Abstract + ( 1636 )   PDF ( 506115KB )   ( 688 ) Allozymic variation of 286 pear materials were investigated using vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 82 alleles of 19 loci in 8 enzyme systems were detected. All loci are polymorphic. The maxium number of alleles in a locus is 6. The result demonstrated a rich genetic diversity in pear germplasm. some specific alleles were detected in different population. Based on multi-locos genotype fingerprinting cultivars with82 alleles, 286 pear materials were clear identified, suggesting allozyme is a useful marker for peach cultivars identification.

  Loquat fruit breeding target properties represent at hybridism offspring Yu Dong,, Xu Jiahui,, Wei Xiuqing,, Xu Ling, Huang Jinsong, 2008, 24 (11):  324-327.  Abstract + ( 1189 )   PDF ( 434450KB )   ( 528 ) Study on the hybride progenies’ represent of the breeding target characters including single fruit weight(more than 60g), pericarp color(salmon pink), soluble solids content(higher than 12%) and edible rate (higher than 72%) by analyzing the fruits from reciprocal cross between the Huangjinkuai and the Jiefangzhong. The result showed that the rate of the progenies reached the single breeding target character mentioned above were 14.93%, 53.73%, 20.90% and 47.76% respectively in total breeding progenies, only one hybride progeny reached four breeding target characters simultaneous.

  Design and Implementation of Xinjiang Wild Fruit Trees Resources Database System Chen Xu, Liao Kang, Zhang Taihong, Guo Bin 2008, 24 (11):  328-331.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 524534KB )   ( 831 ) Abstract: The species of Xinjiang wild fruit trees is rich and unique, and the origin is also ancient, which provided a wealth of germplasm and material basis for the cultivation of fruit trees. Therefore, The establishment of Xinjiang wild fruit tree resources database is very significant for the protection and research. This paper describes the development principal and methods of the Xinjiang Wild Fruit Trees Resources Database System with Visual Basic 6.0 and the Access2003, in order to developing a computer program which can be widely used in fruit production, scientific research, teaching and social services. The database includes the distribution, botanical characters and agricultural biology characteristics of wild-apple, wild apricot, wild cherry plum, wild European plum, wild walnut, etc. in XinJiang.

  Present Situation, Development Trend and Countermeasures Xu Xiaowan, Li Ying, Wang Hengming 2008, 24 (11):  332-338.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 1031741KB )   ( 1783 ) The pepper industry has become one of the important proponents of Chinese new rural construction. The present situation pepper industry, development trend analysis of Chinese pepper industry, and the problems and countermeasures of Chinese pepper industry were summed in this paper.

  Recent advances in color expression mechanism of colorful leaf plants Xu Xinke,, Yuan Zhaohe, Feng Lijuan, Yin Yanlei, Xu Rong, 2008, 24 (11):  339-345.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 735624KB )   ( 782 ) Colorful leaf plants are very attractive and are used more and more extensive in landscape because of their unique expression of leaf color in recent years. This paper reviewed the recent advances in anthocyanin which was main substance that impacted color expression of colourful leaf plants, related synthesis enzymes, physiology and biochemistry, and molecular mechanisms in order to provide a theoretical basis for leaf color improvement and breeding of landscape trees.

  Induction Effect of Calcium on Salt Tolerance Chen Shufang, Guo Jun 2008, 24 (11):  346-349.  Abstract + ( 1186 )   PDF ( 496506KB )   ( 575 ) Using cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) as experimental material，we studied that the effect of exterior calcium on salt tolerance of cucumber seedling. The result showed that under 100 mmol•L-1NaCl, cucumber seedling biomass declined significantly, chlorophyll content and protective enzymes activities decreased significantly, lipid peroxidation index MDA content increased significantly, which leaded to growth inhibition. Exterior calcium could alleviate salt injury in certain extent, because plant biomass enhanced, chlorophyll content, SOD and POD activities increased significantly, MDA content decreased significantly, at the same time, free proline content rised significantly and osmotic adjustment ability strengthened. The effects were different due to different calcium levels, in which the effect of 40 mmol•L-1 CaCl2 was the best. Basing on the above result, it was indicated that a range of exterior calcium alleviated the inhibition of cucumber seedling under salt stress and induced salt tolerance.

  Primary Studies on the Induction of Radish Anther Callus and the Factors Influence Callus Browning Wang Shaohui, Gao Xiahong, Cheng Jihong, Yang Rui, Zhao Jinfang, Deng Wei 2008, 24 (11):  350-354.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   PDF ( 702036KB )   ( 546 ) Five genotypes of radish were used to study the optimum conditions of anther callus induction. Effects of different concentration of sucrose, different combination of hormone, genotypes as well as temperature and light of pretreatments on culture characteristics of radish anthers in vitro were studied in the experiment. The antioxidant enzymatic activities during anther callus browning were researched. It was optimal to induce the anther callus in MS medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 1.0mg/L 6-BA +2.0 mg/L KT. The delay of browning and the higher antioxidant enzymatic activities of anther callus cultured in this culture medium was observed. Different durations of pretreatments resulted in different induction ratio of callus. When pretreated at 4℃, then pretreated at 30℃ and cultured in darkness at 30℃ for 3 days, the induction ratio of anther callus was higher compared with those pretreated individually. The optimal sucrose concentration for anther callus induction was 6.0 %.

  Cultivation Techniques of Pleurotus 2008, 24 (11):  355-358.  Abstract + ( 1004 )   PDF ( 633907KB )   ( 716 ) Pleurotus (Pleurotuseryngii) because of wild took place under the conditions of the main thorn in the Qin dead plant roots and soil around, it is also known as Pleurotus eryngii. Taxonomy is Basidiomycotina, Agaricales, Section ear, an ear, as the bacteria Pleurotus meat hypertrophy, sturdy stipe, Cuinen texture, and the food has a special flavor of almonds, is an ear of taste One of the best, it is known as the "Mushroom King." Pleurotus fruiting body contains 18 kinds of amino acids and some mineral elements beneficial to the human body, such as nutrients, and the taste was very rich material, particularly after the food did not forget the almond flavor, consumers are blind to increase their green ; Coupled with higher storage and transportation of resistance to the performance and preservation of shelf life, but also by the market one of the important reasons. Therefore, since the new century, there have been merchants in the search for the product, whether fresh, dried or products can be rough, but we did not Pleurotus put in huge efforts to develop and produce a result, customers empty-handed. This shows that the development of Pleurotus commodity and its potential prospects.

  植物保护科学

  Study and application of sex pheromone of click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Song Yang, Huang Qiongyao, Shu Jinping, Wang Haojie 2008, 24 (11):  359-364.  Abstract + ( 1512 )   PDF ( 702651KB )   ( 925 ) Application of sex pheromone of insects for monitoring and controlling is one of the important IPM strategies. Wireworms is a kind of the main soil pests all over the world for its miscellaneous eating habits, hidden hazards and adult stage is its only period to expose on the ground, so applying the sex pheromone of click beetle is an important method to monitor and control the wireworm population. The sex pheromone of click beetle was reviewed from the terms of distilled, isolated and identified, and its application status in this paper, to provide a guidance for the study of it.

  Structure of arthropod community in rape fields and its fuzzy cluster analysis Lu Shen, Jiang Wenjuan, Li Guiting, Huang Qinghua, Tian Yulong, Wang Beibei 2008, 24 (11):  365-370.  Abstract + ( 1204 )   PDF ( 632202KB )   ( 578 ) The results of a systematic field investigation showed that the species of arthropods were rather rich in rape fields during the whole growth and development period of rape .There were 52 species of arthropods belonging to 32 families and 10 orders. The Homoptera had the greatest relative abundance with the relative abundance index of 0.823, and next came the Dipterans with the index of 0.114.The results of fuzzy cluster analysis showed that the arthropod communities in rape fields in time sequence could be classified into 4 types as the dynamic type of community establishment period, the dynamic type of mass arthropod immigration period, the dynamic type of severe aphid occurrence period and the dynamic type of relatively stable period.

  Vacuum Fumigation——A New Way to Control a Pest of Potted Ficus Plants, Gynaikothrips ficorum (Mar-Chal) (Thsanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) Li Jianguang, Wang Wanchun, Guo Jianmin, Liang Xinmiao, Lv Yufeng, Jiang Lihui, Bian Yong 2008, 24 (11):  371-373.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 422097KB )   ( 662 ) Abstract: Potted Ficus plants damaged by Gynaikothrips ficorum (Mar-Chal) was fumigated by methyl bromide at vacuum condition. The results show that G. ficorum can be killed completely at lower dosage of methyl bromide and in short time under vacuum condition. It provides a new method for treatment of pests in flower。However, young leaves of potted plants will be chemical damaged by methyl bromide after high vacuum condition.

  Studies on the preparation technology of enteric microcapsule of insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringensis by orthogonal matrix method Ruan Chuanqing, Liu Yun, Zhang Mingzheng, Zhu Linshan, Liu Bo 2008, 24 (11):  374-378.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 686100KB )   ( 632 ) Enteric microcapsule with insecticidal crystal proteins (ICP) of Bacillus thuringensis as core material and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) as shell material was prepared by double emulsion method. Experiments in orthogonal matrix design [L16(45)] showed that the encapsulation of ICP was influenced by factors such as emulsification rotation speed, concentration of core and shell materials, emulsification agent and hydrocolloids, ranged in a pattern of decreasing importance. In 500 mL aqueous medium for formation of the microcapsule, the optimal condition was 6000 r/min of emulsion rotation, 1 mL solution of 20% IPC, 6 mg of HPMCP dissolved in 50 mL mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:1 v:v), 2 mL castor oil and 2.2-2.5%carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) in aqueous medium, where about 85% ICP was encapsulated. The microcapsule was sphericity figure in diameter of mean 20.7 μm and releaved all protein within 5 min at Ph 8.5 medium.

  Dynamic Prediction of the First-Frost Period in Suzhou City —Based on Multi-model Discrete Cover Sun Huihe, Chao Linhai 2008, 24 (11):  379-383.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 576689KB )   ( 644 ) First-Frost disaster is a key factor of affecting the outcome of the kharif crop in Suzhou city. This paper, according to the mechanism of seasonal event grey prediction and multi-model discrete cover, establishes different zero-start-point catastrophic subsequences and multi-GM(1,1) models and by optimizing the choice of model by grey correlation degree and by means of successive modeling of innovation and gray data, conducts a dynamic prediction of grey target interval of the First-Frost period, thus to ascertain the most possible year of disaster by whitening multi-model discrete cover according to frequency of disaster happening, which is conducive to long-term prediction of the First-Frost period after experiments with significant effects.

  Studies on Occurrence of Jujube-fruit Shrink Disease in Shaanxi province Zhang Feng, Chen Zhijie, Li Yingmei, Zhang Shulian, Wang Qi 2008, 24 (11):  384-387.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 529423KB )   ( 670 ) The development and factors of jujube-fruit shrink disease were studied according to the experiments conducted in 6 jujube gardens in Dali county from 2005-2007. The results show that pathogens started to infect the fruit in the first ten days of May. The disease were begun from the mid ten days of June, and reached the peak from the last ten days of August to the mid ten days of September. The pathogen spreaded mainly by wind or rain, and penetrate down the dot of fruit or fruit depression. The pathogens could overwinter in many organs, such as bark, once branches, fruiting branch, fruits, and deciduous, But the fruits were the most important infection source. The shrink of fruitis closely related with fruit development, fruiting branch location, fruit number, tree vigor, weather factor, stand site, insect attack, management, and variety. Some suggestions for farmers are given.

  Study on the principle and effect of inside and outside fungus fountainheat of winter wheat stripe rust Li Hanyi, Xiang Baoyu, Ma Shu, Zhang Junpeng, Shao Jun, Gou Hongmin, Wang Xiaodong 2008, 24 (11):  388-390.  Abstract + ( 1699 )   PDF ( 422271KB )   ( 590 ) Investigations and studies indicate，in late sick winter wheat field，sick leaves are distribute the upper part of wheat，sick leaves of the same position aren,t serious than early sick wheat field，so the fungus fountainheat quantity formming in itself field are low，this is disadvantage to breakking out wheat stripe rust in the later period，the control effect is obvious to wheat rust。so to early wheat field，we demant choosing control in the early period and control in the middle period；to late sick wheat field ，we demant control in the middle period，controling the settle of outside fungus fountainheat and formming of inside down fungus fountainheat，lightening the degree of wheat rust effectively, in year having illness above ntermediate, in neat ears and florescence of wheat generally prevent and cure sick field.

  Research progress of oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tetriphitidae) Zhang Bin, Liu Yinghong, Zhao Lanlan, Zhou Xu 2008, 24 (11):  391-397.  Abstract + ( 1648 )   PDF ( 928522KB )   ( 955 ) Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel) is one of the dangerous quarantine pests of the world. Its hosts range is very so wide that it can harm more than 250 species fruits and vegetables. With the change of climate, adjustment of plant structure and increase of international trade, the area that has been harmed by oriental fruit fly is increasing. Serious economic lost in the produce of fruits and vegetables have been brought. In recent years, the research about oriental fruit fly is deeper and more, from the basic biology and ecology to molecular biology, the research about oriental fruit fly are gradually emphasizing the applied research. This article assembled the research progress on classification, ecology, biology, risk assessment and suitability analysis, molecular biology, control measures and countermeasures, etc about oriental fruit fly Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel) in recent years.

  Proline and Cold Resistance of Plant (SUMMERY) Wang Xiaohua, Zhuang Nansheng 2008, 24 (11):  398-402.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 573769KB )   ( 1757 ) This paper gives a general statement about that, under the low temperature stress, the change of the content of the proline in plants, the function of free proline, the metabolism adjustment of proline and the application about proline in the plant breeding for cold resistance .

  Dentification of Pratylenchus crenatus parasite on Megranate in Yunnan Zhou Yinli, Hu Xianqi, Lin Lifei, Yuan Shengyong, Li Jianjian, Wang Weijiang, Xue Chunli 2008, 24 (11):  403-405.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 347782KB )   ( 688 ) Megranate disease become increasingly serious in Yunnan recent years, especially root disease, it is often overlooked because the harm is hidden, nematode disease is one of them.This paper makes the first report of one species nematode parasitism on the root of megranate in yunnan: Pratylenchus crenatus, Loof 1960, megranate is a new hostplant for the pest in china.

  Effect of soil treatment on growth and root rot of continuous cropping Panax quinquefolium L. Zhang Xuesong, Hou Shunli, Gao Weiwei, Bi Wu, Peng Dongwen, Du Zhijian, Wei Huaiqiang 2008, 24 (11):  406-409.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 547121KB )   ( 867 ) The aim of this paper was to compare the effect of different pesticides and plant amendments treated replant soil on the growth and root rot of Panax quinquefolium L. Field plot trail of continuous cultivated P. quinquefolium L was conducted by using Dazomet, CS2 and Perilla frutescens root meal treated soil. The rate of seedling emergence and survival ，incidence of rot root and root weight of Panax quinquefolium were investigated in first and second year. The results showed Fumigating soil with 5~15g/m2 Dazomet, 20mL/m2 CS2 improved the percentageof establishment and survival of seedling, increased weight of root and reduced root disease of continuous cropping Panax quinquefolium L. Adding 50g/m2~100g/m2 Perilla frutescens root meal in soil could increase weight of root.But the carbendazim had no effect in compare with control. So fumigating soil or adding suitable botanical amendments in soil are beneficial to solving the replant problem of Panax quinquefolium L.

  为明确阿维菌素对苹果主要害虫的控制作用，为其在生产中的合理使用提供理论依据，以1.8%阿维菌素乳油为代表品种，针对苹果园桃小食心虫、绣线菊蚜、金纹细蛾、二斑叶螨、苹果全爪螨等5种主要害虫开展了田间药效试验。结果表明：阿维菌素可作为防治苹果树桃小食心虫和绣线菊蚜 Qiu Guisheng, Zhang Huaijiang, Yan Wentao, Zhang Ping, Liu Chilin, Zheng Yuncheng 2008, 24 (11):  410-415.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 709017KB )   ( 578 ) To explore the efficiency of abamectin on controlling the main apple pests and provide the rational method for practice, field trail was done with 1.8% abamectin EC on controlling Carposina niponensis, Aphis citricola, Lithocolletis ringoniella, Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi. The result showed that abamectin can be used to control Carposina niponensis and Aphis citricola when the pupluation is not large and togerher with the other insetcide; its effect on trolling Lithocolletis ringoniella was similar with Chlorobenzuron (a commonly used insecticide in practice) and can be spread safely in practice; it had high efficiency to control adult mites but low efficiency to kill the eggs, so it is suitable for using at the initial period. Consequently, abamectin had better control efficacy on various fruit pests, but correct operating techniques should be grasped.

  Susceptibility monitoring of Coccinella Seotempanctala (linn) to common insecticides Liu Yongqi,, Liu Huiping, Han Jucai, Liu Huiqin 2008, 24 (11):  416-419.  Abstract + ( 1855 )   PDF ( 502099KB )   ( 636 ) Abstract:The toxicity of common insecticides used in fields and orchards to different larva of instars and adults of ladybird (coccinella seotempanctala) was tested in the laboratory. The results showed the orders of toxicity of the insecticides to larva of different instars and adults Respectively were deltamethrin >acetamiprid >methomyl > abamectin>imidacloprid>phoxim>omethoate>fenvalerate (the second instars); acetamiprid>phoxim> methomyl> imidacloprid>abamectin>omethoate>fenvalerate(the third instars); eltamethrin>cetamiprid>abamectin> methomy >fenvalerate>phoxim (the forth instars); malathion>omethoate> malathion>omethoate>methomyl>deltamethrin> abamectin>cyfluthrin>acetamiprid>imidacloprid>phoxim>fenvalerate (adult). The toxicity of different insecticides to adults and larva of different instars was different, which indicated different stages and instars had different susceptibility to those common insecticides. The study was to provide basis of reasonably using insecticides for protecting enemies in fields and orchards.

  Bionomics of Herse convolvuli (L.) Xiao Fen, Li Youzhi, Wen Lizhang 2008, 24 (11):  420-423.  Abstract + ( 1178 )   PDF ( 535530KB )   ( 680 ) Bionomics of Herse convolvuli (L.) were studied, including development duration, life cycle, body-color diversity of larva, the effective accumulated temperature, development zero, fecundity of the adult and so on. The results showed that H.convolvuli had four generations per year in Changsha region. H.convolvuli had five stadia altogether. The development zero of H.convolvuli for eggs, the 1st instar larva, the 2nd instar larva, the 3rd instar larva, the 4th instar larva, the 5th instar larva, and pupae were determined respectively as 10.8℃, 20.7℃, 13.6℃, 14.3℃, 13.1℃, 12.9℃, and 7.8℃, while their effective accumulated temperature were 45.1 degree-day, 11.2 degree-day, 32.7 degree-day, 32.8 degree-day, 36.6 degree-day, 111.3 degree-day, and 252.1 degree-day, respectively. The fecundity was from 43 eggs to 665 eggs per female adult with an averge of 276 eggs. The preoviposition period and oviposition period were from 2 d to 5 d and from 2 d to 6 d，respectively. The optimal temperature for the adult to copulate and lay eggs were 23～30℃. Different illumination condition led to body-color diversity of larva.

  生态农业科学

  Advance in Effect of Atrazine on Growth and Development of Animals Zhang Yifan, Ni Sha, Deng Shuangli, Tao Longxing, Shen Bo 2008, 24 (11):  424-427.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   PDF ( 463560KB )   ( 771 ) In this paper, effect of atrazine on growth and development of animals was summarized in morphological development, physiological metabolism and sexual development.

  Study on Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment Li Jingna, Zhang Sichong, Zhou Xiaocong, Xin rui, Wang wei 2008, 24 (11):  428-432.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 535514KB )   ( 720 ) This paper researched on the soils in Daqing city for example.Based on the field survey datas and applying single factor index and the potential ecological risk index introduced by a scholar in Sweden. The results show that steep natural pond area is contaminated slightly, and pastoral area is contaminated lightly; and that industrial district, living area, oil extraction area, the nature reserved all suffer medium contamination. Cd is the main contribution. It has already bad effects on ecological environment of the city.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Effects of enhanced Ultraviolet radiation-B on maize in middle-high elevation and arid regions Zhang Lei,, Wang Lianxi,, Li Fusheng, Che JingJing, Du Hongjuan 2008, 24 (11):  433-437.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 591872KB )   ( 630 ) To estimate the effects of enhanced ultraviolet radiation-B on upgrowth of maize and design answerer plans，the article studied influence of enhanced ultraviolet radiation-B on maize in middle-high elevation and arid regions. Used lift lamp of UV-B，we observed plant height、leaf area、green leaf number and yield structure of maize at different UV-B exposure dose in field condition. Field trail indicated that enhanced UV-B reduced plant height of wheat、leaf area、green leaf number and yield of maize in middle-high elevation and arid regions . The reasons that single leaf area lessen are both leaf length and leaf width decreased. Because yield structure become bad ，yield of maize reduce. More UV-B radiation, lower yield of maize.

  Analysis of Characteristics and its Influencing Facters of Winter Wheat Main Growth Stages Qian Jinxia, Xi Yuxiang 2008, 24 (11):  438-443.  Abstract + ( 1180 )   PDF ( 685287KB )   ( 692 ) To analyze characteristics and its influencing factors of main growth stages of winter wheat, the correlation, integral regression methods were used based on the data of main growth stages in 13 winter wheat agrometeorological observational stations in Shanxi province. The results showed that: 1) Between observational stations, the interval of sowing date was the shortest and it of turning green date was the longest on average.2)In south and middle part of Shanxi province, whether winter wheat could be sowed or not, it depended on when rain would be across these area in autumn. The southeastern Shanxi often enjoyed their rainy weather in autumn, so meet temperature was important for sowing. 3) Other dates of main growth stages, expect sowing date, were related with latitude and altitude. The lower latitude and altitude were, the later date of overwintering came, but it was opposite for the dates of turning green, jointing, heading and maturing. Impact of altitude was more marked than that of latitude.4) The dates of jointing and heading had seen a forward trend, especially heading. This was caused by the warmer and warmer winter and spring. 5) Temperature change in different stages of the whole winter wheat growth season would bring on different impact to dates of jointing and heading. In south, middle, and southeast part of Shanxi, to the date of jointing, the key period was from the first ten-day to the middle ten-day of March, the last ten-day of March to the middle ten-day of April, and the last ten-day of September, respectively. If temperature would rise by 1℃, this would bring the date of jointing forward for 0.6d,0.5-0.8d,and 0.5d, respectively. For the date of heading, it was the first ten-day of April, the last ten-day of April to the middle ten-day of May, and the last ten-day of April to the first ten-day of May, respectively. And the date of heading would be forward for 0.5d, 1-2d and 1d,respectively.

  Study on the character of soil loss and its control during the construction 2008, 24 (11):  444-447.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   PDF ( 585670KB )   ( 884 ) The environment is influenced greatly by highway construction, when we enjoy the great profit carried out by the highway, the negative influence can not be ignored. The paper described in detail the cause, character and its harm of soil loss during highway construction, and summarized the soil and water conservation’s measure in order to serve highway construction well.

  Study on the Determination of the Weight of Index about Synthesis Assessment to Agro-meteorological Disasters Zhang Xing, Zhang Chungui, Wu Juxin 2008, 24 (11):  448-452.  Abstract + ( 1562 )   PDF ( 626295KB )   ( 837 ) Abstract There are too many meteorological disasters in Fujian Province, but the affected level are not same to agriculture, only through figuring the weight scientifically can to assess synthesis agro-meteorological disaster. How to confirm the weight of disasters is the main question issue in the agro-meteorological disaster integrative assess. The article introduce the traditional methods of the subjective and objective weighting method to calculate the main disasters weight including AHP、grey relational analysis and entropy weight method, comparing their reasonability, and a new combination weighting approach is further put forward which not only embodies the statistical information of sample involved，but also exploits the experience of experts. At last, the combinational weight of agro-meteorological disasters was got. The result showed that the weight calculated by combination weighting approach was more rational and reliable than both of the subjective weighting method and objective weighting method.

  Xinyang City Dynamic Analysis and Simulation of the drought monitoring system Zhao Hui, Chen Xianggai, Huang Kelei, Xu Menhui, Zhang Honmei, Shi Sanpeng, Zhao Huiling, Liu Ruixin, Shang Xinli 2008, 24 (11):  453-456.  Abstract + ( 1176 )   PDF ( 554708KB )   ( 719 ) Abstract: Based on Xinyang City, 1971-2000, nearly 30 different years the mean temperature, humidity, precipitation, evaporation, wind speed, sunshine, the development of crops, crop growth of information and soil moisture data statistical analysis to identify different Xinyang City Regions, different seasons of drought indicators, in turn establish a dynamic simulation drought in Xinyang City, in the citys dynamic prediction of drought is playing a positive role

  Theoretical models for circular utilization of cotton stalks 2008, 24 (11):  457-463.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 1034950KB )   ( 1007 ) Abstract: Cotton Stalk is one of the most important crop stalks. Considering the biological, physical and chemical properties of cotton stalks, and comprehensively analysising the domestic and overseas using status of cotton stalks, the article summarizes the theoretical models for circular utilization of cotton stalks, which concentrated in three aspects, the industrial, agricultural and animal husbandry ,and the use of energy. One of emphases should be put on using cotton stalk as energy.

  热带农业科学

  Primary Studied on Planting Technology of Stylosanthes Guianensis cv.Reyan No.5 Tu Xuchuan, Liu Guodao, Bai Changjun, Zhang Xuyuan, Zhu Xinxiang 2008, 24 (11):  464-466.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 393071KB )   ( 859 ) Used three single factor trials which are different cutting frequency, fertilizer condition and plant density, Mensurate fresh grass yield, dry grass yield and the number of branches for found the planting technology of Stylosanthes Guianensis cv.Reyan No.5. The results showed that cutting frequency noticeable effect on the biology yield of Stylosanthes Guianensis cv.Reyan No.5, but plant density and fertilizer is not noticeable.

  Advances on Studies of Chamaecrista rotundifolia Ye Hualan, Li Chunyan, Zheng Xiangli, Xu Guozhong 2008, 24 (11):  467-470.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   PDF ( 540861KB )   ( 951 ) The research’s achievements and advances of origin and taxonomy, accession breeding, biological characteristic, cultivated technique, forages, ecological remedy, soil amended, composts et al in roundleaf cassia are generalized in this paper. And the future investigation is discussed.

  The Mitigative Effects of Exogenous Betaine and Chitosan on Cold Stress in Banana Seedlings LI Mao-Fu,Shao-Peng LI,Xiao-Chao LI 2008, 24 (11):  471-474.  Abstract + ( 1591 )   PDF ( 537849KB )   ( 1007 ) Abstract: In this article, the effects of betaine and chitosan on the cold resistance of banana seedlings were studied with orthogonal experimental design L9（34）. The results indicated that BT and CTS have synergistic effect on enhancing the banana seedlings cold resistance. The best time of spraying was 1~3days before cold stressed with the best scheme of drug 0.3%CTS +5mmol.L-1 BT.

  Advances and prospective of research on physiological in cold resistance of palmae siting Chen,Meili Feng,Liyun Liu,Longxiang Tang,Hongxing Cao 2008, 24 (11):  475-477.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 441352KB )   ( 836 ) This paper reviews the research progress and development on physiological in cold resistance, physiological in anti- freeze, and effects of low temperature stress on photosynthesis in palmea. Research significance and foreground of cold resistant were provided. And believe that relevant research with palmae would become hot topic and has a promising perspective, it would be play an important role for develop tropical economy.

  农业信息科学

  Analysing our country’s broccoli’s application value and production export prospect Wang Xiaomei, Cui Kun, Lu Yanling 2008, 24 (11):  478-480.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   PDF ( 451448KB )   ( 1087 ) This article has analyzed broccolis applicable value, broccolis production situation, market quotation and also put forward the measures which promote broccolis production, management, standard. Thus it provides the reference for quickening the broccolis production with the international trail connections step.

  Food Exempted Substances in Pesticide Management Sun Caixia, Yao Hanjun, Ying Shanting, Dong Guokun, Zhang Qianghua 2008, 24 (11):  481-484.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   PDF ( 562691KB )   ( 632 ) The determination of exempted substances has important meaning to consumers interest protecting, food safety product guiding and fair food trade application. The article has studied the exempted substances listed in Japanese Positive List System, US Code of Federal Regulations, and EU Regulation 149/2008. And compared their types, application scope. It is a good reference to food and agricultural primary product trade.

  The study and Development of the Decision Support System of Rice Precise Cultivation in County Scale：Take Jiangyan City as a Case Yun Wang,Hui Gao,Minhao Xie,Hongcheng Zhang,Qigen Dai 2008, 24 (11):  485-489.  Abstract + ( 1345 )   PDF ( 590350KB )   ( 767 ) The software of Decision Support System of rice precision cultivation in county scale taking Jiangyan city as a case was developed primarily by means of the principle and method of agriculture information technology. It had complete functions, abundant contents, strong practice and high graph productivity. The system covered many contents such as precision quantity of base seedling, precision N application, precision irrigation, precision yield measuring, meteorological database and brainpower learning and so on. It also had base GIS spatial analysis functions such as an e-map guide, overlay analysis and spatial data query and so on. In practice, its functions was useable, dependability, simplification, the users are very satisfied with it.

  Analysis of corn straw fibre Potential Productivity 2008, 24 (11):  490-495.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 586764KB )   ( 848 ) Based on crop potential production on the basis of using GIS to establish corn production of spatial database and attributes database. Through the corn growing period required for effective light and radiation light, temperature, water, soil amendments step by step, calculated corn potential production, according to a biomass energy convert coefficient then converted to corn potential production, Multiplied by the 2006 provinces in China Corn planting area reached the final potential outputof straw fiber.The corn straw fiber potential output in China were in 2447.832-14079.55 kg•hm2.This research can be used for bio-fuel ethanol production of cellulose resources for the study in future.

  水产渔业科学

  Comparison on the functions of nonspecific immunity in different populations of Portunus trituberculatus Chen Ping, Li Jian, Li Jitao, Liu Ping, Gao Baoquan 2008, 24 (11):  496-499.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   PDF ( 549858KB )   ( 816 ) The non-specific immune functions were studied in four populations of Portunus trituberculatus from Haizhou Bay, Dandong, Zhoushan and Laizhou Bay for the immunity enzyme activities in haemolymph, muscle and hepatopancreas tissue of the crabs. Results showed that SOD activities of haemolymph and muscle were not significant different by four populations. However, the hepatopancreas SOD activity of Haizhou Bay population was higher than that of Laizhou Bay population significantly (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among other populations (P>0.05). On the GSH-px activities of the haemolymph and hepatopancreas, Haizhou Bay population was significantly higher than Laizhou Bay population (P<0.05). The MDA content, LSZ and ALP activities in different tissues were similar and there were no significant differences among the four populations. The results of the immunity enzyme activities are quite correlated with those of nonspecific immunity abilities of preventing disease and disease resistance evaluation.

  Influence of LPS from Aeromonas hydrophila on anti-oxidation function and other phichological function of Ophiocephalusargus 2008, 24 (11):  500-504.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 660319KB )   ( 653 ) Abstrect:The effects of LPS of Aeromonas hydrophila on anti-oxidation function immune function digestion funtion of ophiocephalusargus were improved under the LPS of Aeromonas hydrophila; The different density embroiders of LPS to Ophiocephalusargus’s oxidation resistance performance ,the immunologic function and the digestion function enhancement effect existence difference ，The anti-oxidation function of ophiocephalusargus were improved under the treament of 0.8mg/ml LPS of Aeromonas hydrophila .After the 10st day the time in the blood of Ophiocephalusargus, the activities of the CAT enzyme in the blood of Ophiocephalusargus was 0.17U and SOD was 16.56U ,they were higher than the treament of CK. The activities of bacteriolysin vigor in the blood 、 the amylase and the proteinase vigor in the gastro-interstinal tract were improved under 0.6mg/ mL LPS treament , After the 20st day, the activities of bacteriolysin vigor in the blood of ophiocephalusargus was the highest,it was up to 0.399U,After the 10st day, the activities of the amylase was 17.21U and the activities of the proteinase vigor was 0.36U,they were higher than the treament of CK.

  三农问题研究

  The mainland to Taiwan's agricultural products export growth analysis of the impact of factors jiang ying 2008, 24 (11):  505-508.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 524912KB )   ( 1068 ) From the analysis of factors affecting,Determine the impact of the mainland Taiwan agricultural exports-led growth factors,To promote the development of cross-strait trade of agricultural products to provide basis for decision making,To strengthen bilateral cooperation in the field of agricultural trade to provide policy recommendations. Using the FAO database,to Chinese Customs statistics,Use of CMS model analysis,For the mainland to Taiwan agricultural exports growth of the analysis.The results show that:After joining the WTO,The mainland to Taiwan agricultural products export growth mainly due to factors import demand and export competitiveness factors,And the impact of structural factors are insignificant.By analyzing,Draw the following conclusions:Growth in market capacity on the mainland is Taiwan farm produce export growth an important factor,Competitiveness of the decline in export growth led to dwindling.Taiwan,the mainland market have not been effective development,Cross-strait trade of agricultural products there is great potential for growth.

  The sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium analysis of compensation and allocation mode in China——As a case of Danyang city District in Jiangsu province Li Xuerui, Jin Xiaobin, Wei Xiyun, Chen Dali, Huang Yayun 2008, 24 (11):  509-514.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 678358KB )   ( 583 ) This paper in view of the deficiencies in the current land expropriation system, confusion and deviations in the actual operation. As well as the simple resettlement, unclear responsibility, lack of suitable social security system for the landless peasants, their legitimate rights and interests can’t be effectively protected. By using the sub-game perfect Nash Equilibrium Model to elaborating the mechanism of government and farmers involved in the land expropriation, to analysis their cost-benefit in different compensation and allocation mode for optimization of land strategy. By using this model to analysis Zhuji city District in Zhejiang province, suggest the government choosing reasonable resettlement, intensify the implementation of involvement, legal regulating the acts in the process of land acquisition.

  Position and Function in Innovation of Regional Agricultural S&T of Local Agricultural Research Institutes 2008, 24 (11):  520-525.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 783825KB )   ( 818 ) The local agricultural research institutes lie in the end of the network framework of system of agricultural S&T innovation of our country, place oneself in the midst of the agricultural transformation of S&T result of area and front which employs the system again, have important function of forming a connecting link. To the disunion knowing to the social public beneficial position of local agri-scientific research institute at present, indeterminate question of functional demand, from the achievement obtained in the national agricultural system of S&T innovation of local agri-scientific research institute, the new varieties of the crops cultivated are in the leading position for producing of local agriculture, offer for society a large amount of public beneficial intensity high agricultural scientific achievements and S&T serve and to the contribution function on rural social economic development of area, etc. explain position and function in the innovation of regional agricultural S&T of local agri-scientific research institutes.

  Study on the Land Circulation under the Rural Household Responsibility System Xu Zhao-Ji 2008, 24 (11):  526-529.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 495387KB )   ( 638 ) Abstract: Since the implementation of reform and opening up policy, the household responsibility system (HRS) has made undeniable contributions to the stability and development of rural economy in our country. However, as the system was produced in the planned economy age, the congenital deficiency it owns has become increasingly obvious along with the transformation from traditional planned economy system into socialist market economy system; especially its shortcoming in land circulation can not fulfill the demand of the development of the social economy any more. In this case, it is imperative to create the ‘land bank’, construct a new system of land circulation and improve the current land contract system.

  Mechanism of Infrastructure in Agricultural Products Circulation Affecting Agriculture Production 2008, 24 (11):  530-532.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 400165KB )   ( 745 ) The article analyzes the mechanism of infrastructure in agricultural products circulation affecting agriculture production, and takes hold of that infrastructure in agricultural products circulation haves the functions of getting over space and time obstacle with agricultural products transacting, which helps the value of agricultural products achieved successfully. Infrastructure in agricultural products circulation affects the transacting ability of the venders and the buyers, and the transaction efficiency of agricultural products. Lastly, the article brings forward the proposals of how to perfect infrastructure in agricultural products circulation.

  Thinking and Exploring of Training New Farmers During the Construction of New Countries Han qin 2008, 24 (11):  533-536.  Abstract + ( 1156 )   PDF ( 518780KB )   ( 668 )

  Study on the Institutional Defects of Agricultural Standardization from the System of Unified Management Kong Youli, Zhou Jiantao, He Jiajun, Shao Mingcan, Zhen Ruohong, Li Na, Xu Sheng 2008, 24 (11):  537-540.  Abstract + ( 1163 )   PDF ( 605222KB )   ( 896 ) This paper studied the problems that agricultural standardization meets since the lacking of unified management in China rural area. It is very difficult to unify the agricultural inputs and production procedure, to get higher price with higher quality and get certification of quality products under separate management. It is conducive to agricultural standardization that we improve the basic system for rural operations and reinforce unified management tier, improve the system for expanding the use of agricultural technology, strengthen agricultural inputs supervision and develop leading incorporation.