Abstract: Aluminum toxicity is one of the most important problems on the forest and environment to the world. Based on the identification of allelochemicals of Schima superba leaves, the design of the regressive rotation and water cultivate experiment were utilized to analyze the effect of various of pH value, the different concentration of active Al, nutrition and DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic on the NR activity of one-year Chinese fir seeding were done in this paper. The results showed that the different factors had different effect on the NR activity during the different period of active Al stress; The concentration of DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and the pH value had weak linearity, the interaction and coefficient of the each factor had degraded with prolong the period of Al stress;. As the concentration of Al, DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and nutrition in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR increased with the high of pH value along with the active Al stress; As the concentration of active Al, nutrition and pH value in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR was increased obviously with the strength of concentration of DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic; As the concentration of active Al, DL-hydroxy-1,2,3-proanetracarboxylic and pH value in the solution were to a certainty, the activity of NR increased with the concentration of nutrition during the different period of active Al stress.