Current issue

• 2008 Vol.24 No.8 Published:08 August 2008

  畜牧兽医科学

  Genetic Diversity and Classification of Fujian Yellow Rabbit Liu Qinghua, Huang Liuying, Liang Xuewu 2008, 24 (8):  6-10.  Abstract + ( 1532 )   PDF ( 538433KB )   ( 923 ) The genetic diversity of eight microsatellite sites was studied by PCR, and the allele frequency, polymorphism information content (PIC), heterozygosity (H) and effective number of alleles (Ne) in different rabbit populations were analyzed with statistics method. At the same time, the cluster of these rabbits has also been studied. The results were showed as follow that (1) The eight microsatellite sites were high polymorphism in six rabbit populations. The average PIC in each site was 0.6622 (0.5723-0.7222). The difference of average PIC among these populations was not significant. The average heterozygosity in all populations was 0.6857 (0.5904-0.7267). These results indicated that there was a good compatibility between PIC and H in different six rabbit populations. It also showed that there was rich in genetic polymorphism of microsatellite sites within Fujian yellow rabbit. (2) According to the Neis standard genetic distance, the UPGMA dendrogram indicated that there were little genetic difference among six populations. There was rich in genetic polymorphism of microsatellite sites within Fujian yellow rabbit. This cluster result showed that these populations clustered into the same breed.

  Isolation，Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of E. coli from Diarrhoetic Sika Deer in Changchun Mei Mei, Fan Junwen, Deng Xuming, Deng Yanhong, Sun Zhiyong, Wang Chunyu, Guo Na, Wang Quankai , Yu Lu 2008, 24 (8):  11-15.  Abstract + ( 1692 )   PDF ( 574672KB )   ( 953 ) To investigate the serotype and drug resistance of the Escherechia coli (E.coli) isolates from diarrheic sika deer in peripheral areas (Yushu, Nongan, Jiutai, Shuangyang, Dehui) of Changchun City, Jilin Province. After isolation, cultivation and biochemistry response, a total of 127 strains were isolated; the serotypes of which were definited by slide agglutination, and the susceptibility to 15 antibacterials was determined by plate diffusion and broth microdilution test; 9 drug resistance genes were detected by PCR. 84 strains were determined to be 36 different O serotypes, among which 47 strains distributed in 11 O serotypes: O2, O7, O9, O21, O26, O87, O126, O128, O138, O142 and O154; drug resistance to 15 antibacterials appeared in different degree; strB、strA、aadA、tetA and sul2 were the most prevalent. The drug resistance to sulfanilamide and tetracycline was severe, and the most strains were multidrug resistant; whereas the sensitivity to amoxicillin and kanamycin had the guidance significance for clinical medication.

  Review on Classification and Representative Species of Hemolysin Chen Xi, Suo Zhanwei, Xu Jianqin, Mu Xiang 2008, 24 (8):  16-22.  Abstract + ( 2799 )   PDF ( 574672KB )   ( 861 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Hemolysin as a Protein toxins, are prominent virulence factors of many pathogenic bacteria.But we have seldom found the reports about it in China; 【METHOD】So writer summarized some literature more than twenty years; 【RESULTS】name,classification and family of hemolysin have been written, especially three of representative species: α-toxin, Streptolysin O and HlyA; 【CONCLUSION】Nowaday, A relationship between the hemolysin and pathopoiesis of bacterium is obvious. For this reason, a distinct way may be found to treat the disease cause by bacterium, not to use antibiotic.

  Research on Selection of Representative Traits for Reproductive Performance in Pigs by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis Zhang Li, Xiao Tianfang 2008, 24 (8):  28-31.  Abstract + ( 1725 )   PDF ( 452468KB )   ( 950 ) Eleven reproductive traits of Landrace sow were studied. The phenotypic parameter of these traits and the coefficients of correlation among them were computed. The author employed the hierarchical principal component analysis and cluster analysis to select the representative traits or reproductive performance in landrace sows. The results indicated that eleven reproductive traits could be simplified 4 principal components. These 4 principal components could account for 88.312% variance. According to the same results from the two mathematics methods, least four traits including the weaning weight of litter, the survival rate at weaning, the newborn body weight, the number of nipples 4 properties should be considered. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis will provide the reference for selection of reproductive traits for Landrace sows.

  Cultivation and Utilization of Iris lactea pall. var. chinenehsis Koidz in Qinghai Province Shi Yinshan, Li Shujuan, Han Bing 2008, 24 (8):  32-35.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 575656KB )   ( 913 ) Iris lactea pall. var. chinenehsis Koidz is a wild ground cover plant widespread in china, Which are cultivated in different localities in Qinghai province. Domestication and observation revealed that it blossoms in May with 3~4 weeks and fresh white flowers. As its seeds are very stiff and difficult to sprout, so it must be disposed before seed. It mainly germinated by storage in snow，dip in warm water and chemical reagent. The first method was the most effective. The life history of Iris lactea pall.var. chinenehsis Koidz in different localities were 229~269 days. Different regions had different environmental conditions, including the climate, soil, vegetation etc., The life history of Iris lactea pall.var. chinenehsis Koidz varied greatly, and the life history of the plant decreased with elevation. The plant was drowning tolerant, drought and tread tolerant and could be used as a promising material in garden landscape.

  Effects on Piglet’s Production Performance of Pig’s Serum IgG Wang Yongfen, Xi Lei, Bian Chuanzhou, Wu Xuejun 2008, 24 (8):  36-38.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 442257KB )   ( 1150 ) In order to examine the effects of the exogenous IgG on piglet’s performance, piglets of different groups were added the IgG orally by 0.5g, 0.8g and 1.0g respectively, in the 24 hours after born. The piglet’s incidence of a disease and daily body weight gains were observed in 14 day. The results showed that the piglets were added 0.8g IgG could gain more higher daily body weight in 14 day, and of added 1.0g IgG had lower diarrhoea ratio than others’.

  Research of Cowside Tests for the Detection of Subclinical Ketosis in Cows during Early Lactation Period Zhang Zhigang, Liu Guowen, Li Xiaobing, Sun Guoquan, , Wang Zhe, Guo Changming, Gao Ruifeng 2008, 24 (8):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 2437 )   PDF ( 450724KB )   ( 1113 ) Ketosis is a common nutrition metabolic disease of dairy cows. Using ketone powder, urine analysis strip, milk analysis strip, kit detected the ketone concentration in milk and serum of dairy cows respectively, serum β-hydroxybutyrate 1200μmol/L as the threshold for normal cows and subclinical ketosis. Urine analysis strip and milk analysis strip diagnosis standard were 200μmol/L and 5mg/dl respectively. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose concentration of healthy cows were 726±43μmol/L, 3.42±0.05mmol/L respectively, subclinical ketosis cows were 2563±238μmol/L, 2.78±0.07mmol/L, difference was significant（P<0.05）. Sensitivity and specificity of milk analysis strip were 67% and 92%, urine analysis strip were 57% and 85%，ketone powder were 60% and 94% respectively. It was an effectual method that cowside test diagnose the dairy cows subclinical ketosis with milk analysis strip.

  农业生物技术科学

  Selection of Fruit Transformation Techniques and the Screening and Identification of Transformed Plants Liu Yanhong, Fang Jinggui, Tao Jianmin, Zhang Zhen 2008, 24 (8):  43-49.  Abstract + ( 1478 )   PDF ( 926660KB )   ( 1059 ) Plant genetic engineering, as a new strategy for fruit crop breeding, is very important in the genetic improvement of horticultural traits. Fruit transformation is a complicated technique with several main steps including analysis of gene function, construction of high-efficient expression vectors, gene transformation, and screening and identification of the transformed plants, of which each step is of a series of specific techniques. There have been a lot of reports about the construction of re-generation systems of quite a number of fruit crops. Here in this paper, we talk mainly on selection of fruit transformation techniques and the identification of transformed plants, which come out from our research and some related papers. All the information presented can be some important help to fruit crop genetic transformation researchers.

  Study on Esteras Isozymes of Five Kudingcha Species in Aquifoliaceae Zhang Guihe,, Zheng Daojun,, Liu Guomin,, Li Liya 2008, 24 (8):  50-56.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 878809KB )   ( 899 ) The band differences of esterase isoenzymes of 25 Kudingcha germplasm materials in Aquifoliaceae, which involved 5 species, i.e. Ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng, I. latifalia Thunb., I. cornuta Lindl., I. pentagona S. K. Chen, Y. X. Feng et C. F. Liang and I. houshanensis Y. H. He, were analysed via polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis. The similarity coefficients of the test materials, were calculated, and cluster dendrogoam for 25 germplasm materials was drawn by using UPGMA. The experimental results showed that there were 18 bands of esterase isoenzyme observed in all test materials. Of all bands, some of them were the common bands for the all test materials, some for all materials of the same species, and the others showed the genetic differences between different materials. Based on the band differences of the esterase isoenzymes, the 25 test germplasm materials from 5 species in Aquifoliaceae could be obviously distinguished on the species level. The bands of esterase isoenzyme of the test germplasm materials from the same species in Aquifoliaceae showed both abundant polymorphism and relatively obvious similarity. The similarity coefficient of the 25 test germplasm materials, based on the bands of esterase isoenzymes, ranged from 0.1333 to 1.0000. In the cluster analysis dendrogram, the 5 Kudingcha species in Aquifoliaceae could be clearly distinguished, which showed the relationships among the 5 species. The different germplasm materials from the same species were clustered according to their origins basically, which also showed the obvious relation relative to the morphological characteristics. The analysis results of the esterase isoenzyme could be considered as the significant reference bases for the classification of the germplasm materials of Kudingcha species in Aquifoliaceae on the species level, and could be used for determining the origination region, genetic difference, relationships of the germplasm materials of Kudingcha species in Aquifoliaceae.

  Progress on the Research of Pyramiding Resistant Genes in Rice Zhang Qijun, Lv Chuangen, Yu Derong, Dai Jian 2008, 24 (8):  57-62.  Abstract + ( 1880 )   PDF ( 694066KB )   ( 1412 ) In recently years, more and more rice new genes have been found, located and cloned, and with the continuing developing of modern molecular bio-technologies, the study of rice molecular breeding has also made a great progress. In this paper, the main progress on the research of pyramiding resistant genes in rice blast, bacterial blight, sheath blight and stripe disease were reviewed. Advances on the study of multiple transgenes for resistance to rice have also been surveyed.

  Advance in the Research of Molecular Characterization, Expression and Regulation of a Gene Encoding the Polygalacturonase-inhibiting Protein (PGIP) of Plant Jiang Hao, Tang Haoru 2008, 24 (8):  63-68.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 872190KB )   ( 1095 ) At present, Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) gene has become one of the hottest research spots of plant anti-fungal genetic engineering. To March 1, 2008, 239 nucleotide sequences marked with ‘pgip’ were registered in GenBank of NCBI. We review the properties, molecular aspects of their expression and regulation and their possible application to the development of disease-resistant breeding.

  SRAP Molecular Marker and its Applications to Vegetable Crops Zhao Guangwei, Xu Zhihong, Xu Yongyang 2008, 24 (8):  69-73.  Abstract + ( 1554 )   PDF ( 568341KB )   ( 1240 ) SRAP(Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism)is a new molecular marker based on PCR technique,which combines simplicity,reliability,moderate throughput ratio and facile sequencing of selected bands. ORFs was amplified through the special primer set. The forward primers of 17 bp and reverse primers of 18bp amplified extrons and introns respectively.Polymorphism was produced since the varible introns,promoters and spacers among different individuals.The paper summarized SRAP molecular marker and its applications to genetic-map constructions,genetic diversity analysis, comparative genomic research , molecular marker and gene location of vegetable crops.

  Analysis of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Hexaploid Triticale Gao Jurong, Feng Deshun, Li Xingfeng, Wang Honggang 2008, 24 (8):  74-79.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 465081KB )   ( 766 ) The composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in 175 hexaploid Triticale from CIMMYT were analyzed using SDS-PAGE method in this experiment. The result showed that the HMW-GS composition of 175 lines were extremely abundant, 3 ,4 and 7 different HMW-GS types were found in the loci of Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-Rx respectively . The frequency of subunit Null was the highest（49.14%） at Glu-A1 locus, and the second are 1 (30.29%) and 2* (20.57%) .（13+16）was the highest (45.71%) at Glu-B1. The subunits coded by rye chromosome were mainly 21* and 22*. 27 HMW-GS composition types were found ,and among them the frequency of（N，21*，13+16，）（10.29%）、（N，21*，14+15，.22*）（9.14%）、（1，21*，13+16，22*）（8.57%）、（N，21*，7+8）（6.29%）和（1，21*，13+16）（5.71%）was higher.

  The breeding of Kenaf male sterility and ISSR maker of male sterile gene Li Hui, Li Defang, Chen Anguo, Tang Huijuan, Li Jianjun, Huo Guang 2008, 24 (8):  80-83.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   PDF ( 473376KB )   ( 882 ) Kenaf male sterility breeding gave a new method for the use of kenaf heterosis. The maker of genic-male sterility genes in kenaf is used in the chosen of good sterile line or maintainer line. Using per-plant back crossing to choose sterile line and using BSA to screen ISSR primer. Using plant AT-1found by kenaf breeding research group of institute of bast fiber crops Chinese academy of agricultural sciences in Sanya of Hainan province were used as female parent in crossing with 15-4, 04K1 and then backcrossed four times with male parent in order to select two high sterile male sterility. The DNA of every plant was extracted by CTAB to constitute the gene pool by BSA. Applying the ISSR technique we analysised the two gene pool. Finally we found a primer which can show the difference between the sterile gene pool and fertile gene pool. The ISSR primer is U859. The result showed the male sterility is cytoplasmic nuclear interaction male sterile, male sterility steady, and the ISSR primer U859 is linked with genic-male sterility.

  Mapping of SH1, A Dominant Gene Controlling Seed Shattering Using SSR Markers in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Zhu Wenyin, Zhu Zhen, Yang Dewei, Lin Jing, Zhao Ling, Zhang Yadong, Chen Tao, Wang Cailin 2008, 24 (8):  84-87.  Abstract + ( 1715 )   PDF ( 499927KB )   ( 1342 ) In the paper, with an indica variety 93-11 as recipient and a japonica variety Nipponbare as donor, high generation backcross segregation populations were constructed. Using 104 SSR markers which display polymorphism bands between 93-11 and Nipponbare, the genetic background of BC4F2 and seed shattering of BC4F3 mapping population were analyzed. The results showed that in BC4F2 population, the genetic background analysis detected 6 markers, which distributed on rice chromosomal 1, 2 and chromosomal 5 derived from donar Nipponbare; In BC4F3 mapping population, non-shattering plants and easy shattering plants segregated in a ratio of 169:52, fitting the expected ratio of 3:1, suggesting that the seed shattering in the population was controlled by a dominant gene, named SH1; Linkage analyses suggested that the gene SH1 was linked with SSR marker RM5389, RM1068 and RM1387, the genetic distance between these markers and SH1 were 0.7cM, 5.5cM and 13.1cM, respectively. The mapping of the gene SH1 would be useful for its molecular marker-assisted selection.

  The Research Advances on Indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) Catabolism Related Enzymes: IAA oxidase（IAAO）, Peroxidase（POD） Yuan Mudan, Hou Zhixia, Zhai Mingpu, Su Yan 2008, 24 (8):  88-92.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 579762KB )   ( 1267 ) Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is one of the auxins that regulate plant growth and development as a plant hormone. The IAA oxidase and peroxidase have been suggested to play a crucial role in auxin metabolism. Evidently the function of two enzymes is to regulate the growth of the plant by adjust the hormonal level of IAA. Advances in research on IAA oxidase and peroxidase were reviewed, which focus on the relationship between these two enzymes and their role in auxin catabolism on biochemical and molecular biology.

  Progress in the Molecular Technology and Gene of Rubus L Yang Yanlin, Tang Kaixue, He Jiawei, Zhu Ying´an, He Zhijiao, Yang Zhengsong 2008, 24 (8):  93-98.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 644261KB )   ( 808 ) China has rich resources of Rubus L. In recent years, a deep research of Rubus L. abroad has reached good result due to the development and improvement of research methods in the field of molecular biology; while in our country there are only very few or shallow reports on the research of Rubus L. using molecular biological methods. By referring to relative materials, this paper summarized the application of Molecular markers of Rubus L., its main research field and the newest research progress in construction of genetic maps as well as gene identification of Rubus L. Besides, the applying future of its research was also discussed. It pointed out that the molecular methodologies were applied widely in many fields of biology of Rubus L. and good result has been reached, but most of the methodologies were still used with limitations. Therefore, for the success of the research it was the key to choose different and suitable methodologies according to research aims; and selecting appropriate means of molecular biology in its extensive and deep research is going to play an inestimable role in the production application and the protection of biodiversity of Rubus L.

  Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of 25 Citrus Resources and Its Sports Strains by RAPD Technique LUO Jing, ZHOU Xinzhi, ZHANG Yungui 2008, 24 (8):  99-104.  Abstract + ( 1683 )   PDF ( 582058KB )   ( 858 ) The genetic diversity and identification of citrus germplasm resources and its mutants was evaluated by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA（RAPD）technique. Ten of seventy random primer and several mixed primers could produce 142 bands, 72 of which were polymorphic. 6.8 polymorphic bands were displayed by every single primer and 1.3 polymorphic bands by every mixed primer. Cluster analysis showed that similarity coefficient between 0.834 and 0.960 of these 25 genotypes by UPGMA（un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic）analysis. And based on those data, the dendrogram of these genotypes was constructed. The results revealed RAPD marker is suitable for identify sports from its original strains, 25 citrus resources indicate 25 genotypes. The high similarity coefficient showed that there is narrow genetic background among citrus resources in the experiment.

  Comparison of Protein Extraction Methods for Two-dimensional Electrophoresis in Apple Leaf Zeng Guangjuan, , Li Chunmin, Zhang Xinzhong, Teng Yunlong, Dong Wenxuan 2008, 24 (8):  105-109.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   PDF ( 515981KB )   ( 1108 ) In order to develop an efficient protein extraction method suitable for apple proteome analysis, three protocols for total protein extraction in apple leaf, trichloroacetic acid/acetone precipitation (TCA), phenol extraction methanol/ammonium acetate precipitation and Tris-HCl extraction were compared. The extracts were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by silver staining. The results showed that 450, 374 and 1032 protein spots were detected respectively on 2-DE gels. The Tris-HCl extraction was the most appropriate for apple leaf proteome analysis on account of the highest resolution and more informative 2-DE gels.

  Observation of Glandular Hairs Morphology on Tobacco Leaves by Scanning Electron Microscopy Cai Liuti, Jiang Guanghua, Zheng Shaoqing, Hu Zhongyi 2008, 24 (8):  110-113.  Abstract + ( 1974 )   PDF ( 388145KB )   ( 1232 ) In order to supply some information to the study about relations between the morphology and functions of glandular hairs on tobacco leaves, the micro-morphology of glandular hairs on the surface of leaves of the tobacco cultivar Nicotiana tabacum K346 were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The long stalk glandulars on the surface of tobacco leaves commonly have several cylindrical nodes on the parts of stalk, the short stalk glandulars have thicker stalk with one short cylindrical nodes; the head of glandulars, the main of the secretive function parts, which has complex structure with larger than its stalk, especially the head of the short stalk glandular, wrinkly around with obviously convex and concave; The morphlogy of glandular hairs on tobacco leaves have relations with its secretive functions, the information of glandular hairs micro-morphology may benefit to the study on the relation between the function and morphology.

  Mapping of Fertility-Restoring Gene f3R for Wild-abortive Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice Qi Fangli, , Jiang Mingsong, Yuan Shoujiang, Yao Fangyin, Gao Jie, Li Guangxian 2008, 24 (8):  114-117.  Abstract + ( 1886 )   PDF ( 489132KB )   ( 1236 ) SSR marker-based gene mapping of Rf3 for fertility-restoration of rice wild-cytoplasmic male sterility was conducted using an F2 population derived from the cross Zhenshan 97A / Minghui 63. The mapping was performed using the recessive class consisting of 119 extreme sterile individuals. Parental polymorphism survey was conducted using 37 SSRs located in the probable region for Rf3 on the short arm of rice chromosome 1. Of the 16 polymorphic SSRs detected, nine were selected to test the extreme sterile individuals. RM10353, RM1195 and RM3746 which were located consecutively in the segmental map each showed eight single crossover with Rf3, and this number was the lowest among the numbers of recombinant observed between the nine SSRs and Rf3. This result indicates that Rf3 was located in the genomic region covered by interval RM10353-RM1195-RM3746 and its flanking markers. Thus, the Rf3 locus was mapped between RM10338 and RM10376 that have a physical distance of 679.9 kb.

  Studies on Browning Reaction of Chinese Yam in Tissue Culture Cai Jianrong 2008, 24 (8):  118-120.  Abstract + ( 1720 )   PDF ( 405380KB )   ( 1179 ) The different explants of Chinese yam, different antioxidants in medium and culture method were tested in this study. The results showed that different explants’ degree of browning were different, the browning degree of stem was the lightest; Adding 150mg/L PVP to MS medium could prevent browning effectively, Using the method of liquid medium in rapid propagation could reduce the degree of browning and improve the survival rate of plants obviously.

  Cloning and Alignment of the CYP79D2 Gene Encoding the Committed Enzyme in the Synthesis of Cyanogenic Glucoside in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Zhou Weijian, Chen Zhongzheng , Rong Xianchu, Li jieyu 2008, 24 (8):  121-125.  Abstract + ( 1864 )   PDF ( 594811KB )   ( 997 ) Cassava was the main crop rich in starch, but with high content of the toxic cyanogenic glucosides linamarin and lotaustralin in all tissues, and cytochrome P450 gene catalyzing the biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucoside. In this study, the complete coding sequence (CDS) of N-hydroxylating cytochrome P450 (CYP79D2) gene, which catalyzing the committed enzyme in the first step in the biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucoside, was cloned by RT-PCR from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Analysis showed the cloned gene coding 541 deduced amino acids, and shared 99% homology both in nucleotide acid sequence and in amino acid sequence compared with other CYP79D2 isolated from cassava, and the gene include conserve domain in accordance with other members of the CYP79D2 gene family.

  Studies on Shoot-tip Culture and Tube Propagation of Pseudostellaria heterophylla Ma Xuemei, Wu Chaofeng, Lin Yanquan 2008, 24 (8):  126-130.  Abstract + ( 1822 )   PDF ( 601185KB )   ( 936 ) The experiment has solved basically some key problems of the technology of the clonal propagation and the factory culture seedling of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Several new media which suited different growth stage have got through the experiment. The medium used for shoot-tip culture is MS+NAA 0.5mg/kg+BA 0.5mg/kg. The planting formation ratio is 86.7%. The media for subculture are MS+NAA0.5mg/kg+BA0.5mg/kg and MS+NAA1.0mg/kg+BA0.5 mg/kg. The medium of growing root is 1/2MS+IAA1.0mg/kg, the ratio of rooting is 76.7%. The concentration of sucrose of every medium is 3%. The living ratio of the transplantation of shoot-tip cultured plantings is 85.2%. The living ratio of the field plantings is 100%. A simple, quick and practical production process of factory culture seedling of Pseudostellaria heterophylla has been successfully established.

  Preliminary Study on Callus Induction of Tender Stem of Euonymus Japonicus Cao Bin, Sun Zhanyu , Zhang Decang 2008, 24 (8):  131-135.  Abstract + ( 1677 )   PDF ( 548348KB )   ( 773 ) With young stem segment of Euonymus japonicus as explants, callus induction were studied on MS basal medium supplemented with different hormone combinations including BA and NAA、IBA 、2,4-D. The result indicated that (1) The effect sequence of auxin was 2,4-D > NAA >IBA from the callus induction. (2) Callus were induced on medium of different hormone combinations，and MS+BA1.0~2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5~1.5 mg/L、 MS+BA1.5~2.0 mg/L+ IBA1.0~1.5mg/L、 MS+BA0.5~1.0 mg/L+2,4-D 0.5~1.5mg/L etc. was the best one for callus induction，and the rate of induction was respectively 74.3%、65.3%、81.1%. So through scientific preparation，callus induction of young stem can be induced effectively，on MS medium with different hormone combinations.

  Developing of Plant Regeneration System from Leaf Explants of Date Plum (Diospyros oleifera Cheng) Xie Qixin, , Zhuang Donghong, 2008, 24 (8):  136-139.  Abstract + ( 1495 )   PDF ( 490080KB )   ( 923 ) In order to developing a plant regeneration system of Diospyros oleifera Cheng thereby establish a foundation for transformation, shoot regeneration and rooting from leaf explants were studied. The result showed that modified Murashige and Skoog (MS)[MS(1/2N)] containing 0.1 mg/L indole butyric acidand 3.0 mg/L zeatin was the most optimum for shoot regeneration when a 3 weeks previous dark treatment was added. The shoot percentage and average shoots number per explant were 80.5% and (4.1±0.8) respectively. As for regenerated shoots rooting, the modified Murashige and Skoog containing 0.5 mg/L both indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid was most effective, in which rooting percentage reached up to 92% after 4 weeks. The plant regeneration system of Diospyros oleifera Cheng has been developed successfully.

  食品科学

  Study on Blood Lipid-Depressing Function of Fermented Pu’er Tea and its Physiologically Active Part Zhao Tingting, Zhou Binxing, Kong Lingbo 2008, 24 (8):  140-144.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   PDF ( 590712KB )   ( 875 ) To probe into the effect of fermented pu’er tea in reducing blood lipids and its physiologically active part. The model of metabolic disturbance of lipid—preventive tested sample was adopted. Using systematic solvents (chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol) extract the fermented pu’er tea. Observe the effects of different extracts on reducing the serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, which were established through high-fat-diet. The results showed that fermented pu’er tea can obviously reduce blood lipid and ethyl acetate extracts was the active part.

  Determination of Capsaicin in Spicy Hot Chafing Dish by HPLC Tu Dawei, Li Yanfei 2008, 24 (8):  145-148.  Abstract + ( 1742 )   PDF ( 434851KB )   ( 1054 ) The paper studied the method of determination of Capsaicin in Spicy Hot Chafing Dish to define the consumed degree of capsaicin and guarantee the quality of Spicy Hot Chafing Dish. The method was established to determine capsaicin in spicy hot chafing dish by HPLC. ODS column was used, with mixtures of acetonitrile and water as mobile phase in a gradient mode. The wavelength of measurement was at 280nm. The results showed that the contents of capsaicin in samples were 0.068mg/g and 0.077mg/g, the recoveries were 101.85% and 102.69% for the samples respectively.

  农业基础科学

  Anatomical Observation of Soybean Petiole Abscission Zone at Different Abscission Stages Yan Min, , Zhao Yaning, Wang Xiaofeng 2008, 24 (8):  149-151.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   PDF ( 336811KB )   ( 966 ) An experiment was conducted to study the anatomical structure of abscission zone of soybean petiole at different abscission stages, which made into normal paraffin slice. Results show that the abscission zone locates at the base of the petiole, containing 20~25 layer cells, about 2mm thick, distinguished from the adjacent cells. No markable morphological change of the abscission zone was observed during abscission with light microscope.

  闫长春 Yan Changchun 2008, 24 (8):  152-155.  Abstract + ( 1690 )   PDF ( 430031KB )   ( 877 ) A mapping population consisting of F2 individuals derived from resiting Verticillium wilt was used in this study. The 89 SSR Polymorphic Loci was filtrated in 2000 SSR Primers with Xinluzhong 10 and Xinluzao 7, 74 codominant markers and 15 dominant markers were checked. The linkage groups were constructed in 89 molecular markers with Mapmaker/EXP（version 3.0b）,and 65 marker loci were distributed on 19 different linkage groups, 24 marker loci were not distributed on linkage groups. The total length of 19 linkage groups was 962.2cm, and the rate of covering was 17.49%.

  林业科学

  Application of Community Structure-Diversity Index(CSDI)in Forest Health Assessment in Beijing Badaling Area Zhuang Jianrong, Zhang Zhixiang 2008, 24 (8):  156-161.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 770980KB )   ( 1535 ) Forest health assessment has been the urgent task of forestry research. Community Structure-Diversity Index Model was first put forward through studies of 16 fixed plots in forest health experimental area, Badaling Forest Center, and forest health rating was drawn up on community structure and species diversity level （CSDI）: >15.0(healthy), 10.1~15.0 (sub-healthy), 6.1~10.0(unhealthy), <6.0 (extremely unhealthy). The results showed that, in the 16 plots, there are: 4 healthy communities（P10, P11, P12 and P16）, 5 sub-healthy communities（P3, P5, P7, P9 and P14）, 5 unhealthy communities(P6, P8, P13 and P15), 3 extremely unhealthy communities(P1, P2 and P4). Based on the practical effect, it can be concluded that Community Structure-Diversity Index is scientific, feasible and it can provide references for Beijing forest health assessment.

  The Variation of Inner Physiological and Biochemical Characters Under Flooding Stress of Populus deltoides Clones Tang Yuxi, , Liu Youquan, Wu Min, Tang Jie, Li Yongjin 2008, 24 (8):  162-166.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   PDF ( 587094KB )   ( 843 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The seasonal flooding stress was the main restriction factor for afforestation of Populus deltoides in beach land,the evaluation of flooding-tolerance ability through reliable properties was very important.【METHOD】The response of inner physiological characters,correlation among different characters and their genetic variation under flooding stress were studied objecting to Populus deltoides clones XL-75，XL-77，XL-90 and ck( I-69，Salix×jiangsuensis ‘J172’).【RESULT】Contents of chlorophyll, Soluble Protein and CAT activity of all clones under waterlogging stress were decreased totally compared to contrast. Content of MDA in I-69 was increased significantly compared with the contrast，Content of MDA in XL-75，XL-77，XL-90，J-172 in earlier time of waterlogging were decreased slightly compared with contrast and increased with sustain inundation. The SOD activity decreased obviously than CK in earlier time of waterlogging stress，but the POD activity rised obviously. With the waterlogging stress deepened，the SOD activity was rising one by one and the POD activity was declining one by one，both had obviously compensation on anti-oxygenation mechanism. Flooding within 30d，the ADH activity increased more obviously than CK. When flooding on 45d，the ADH activity of I-69 decreased 56.9% compared with CK，but the ADH activity of XL-75，XL-77，XL-90，J172 respectively increased 970.4%，279.1%，555.2% and 461.5% compared with CK.【CONCLUSION】The relative value of Chl，SOD，CAT had very remarkably positive correlation with the total biomass，and the heritabilities of Chl，SOD，CAT ranged from 0.5967 to 0.7743.It indicated that the variations of 3 traits were moderately or intensively inherited，and they could be used to evaluate the flooding-tolerance of populus deltoides clones.

  Studies of Blooming Biology and Pollen Sprouting Characteristics of Different Chinese Jujube Cultivars Han Binn, Li Jingrui, Xu Zhibo, Peng Jianying 2008, 24 (8):  167-170.  Abstract + ( 2061 )   PDF ( 481858KB )   ( 1046 ) The blooming type of 22 Chinese jujube cultivars, pollen germination percentage of 12 Chinese jujube cultivars, pollen germinating developments of 5 Chinese jujube cultivars, pollen storage of 9 Chinese jujube cultivars and self-fertility percentage of 10 Chinese jujube cultivars were studied. The results were shown as follows:Cuizao, Lajiaozao, Huluzao, Fuzao, Bianhesuan, Junzao, Zanhuangdazao, Hongyan, Wudeng, Jishanyuanzao, Jinzao, Mianzao, Jianzao, Linyilizao, Changhong and Suzao were day blooming type, and Hunanjidanzao, Dongzao, Shulutangzao, Yuechu, Jiantouhui and Tuntunzao were night blooming type. There were great disparity in the pollen germination percentage of 12 jujube cultivars, which were from 1.52% to 74.95%, and the average of which was 34.28%, and the variant coefficient of which was 14.74%. Dongzao was the lowest, however Lajiaozao was the highest. The method of -12℃ dry storage in which the pollen germination percentage was 88.04% of fresh pollen in 6th day and 59.88% of fresh pollen in 10th day was better than that of 2℃ or room temperature. The curves of pollen germination and growth of pollen tube in Chinese jujube were single “S” type. After having been cultivated for 5.5 hours, the pollen germination percentage was not changed, and after 7.5 hours the pollen tube did not grow. It was also found that the percentage of the self-fertility was near the zero in this test.

  Study on the Rule of Diurnal Variation of Net Photosynthetic Rate of Slash Pine’s Half-sib Yang Meiying, Li Wendong, Tong Fanngping, Song Qingan, Yi Aiqin, Ligui 2008, 24 (8):  171-176.  Abstract + ( 1597 )   PDF ( 627289KB )   ( 882 ) The rule of diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of the fine half-sib families of slash pine were studied by Licor-6400 portable photosynthesis system in order to adjust planting measurement. The results indicated that the diurnal variation of the photosynthetic rate (Pn)of the half-sib families of slash pine exhibited double-range cur in typital days of March to August in a year. Others were single-range cur such as January, February, September, October, November, December. The photosynthetic rate(Pn) of one-year old needles is obviously higher than two-year old needles. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) is the lowest in the evenfall of a day. The photosynthetic rate(Pn)of fine half-sib families of slash pine is obviously higher than the general. It is indicated that the photosynthetic ability of slash pine is improved by genetic improvement. Thus the yield and the growth increment are improved of the fine families of slash pine.

  Evaluation of the Forestry Investment Environment in Fujian Jiang Xiaohong, Chen Qin, Chen Ling 2008, 24 (8):  177-181.  Abstract + ( 1661 )   PDF ( 542115KB )   ( 819 ) Assessment outcome of the forestry investment environment can provide useful reference for forestry investors and local government. Author concluded five key factors, F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5 ,that effect the forestry investment environment by using factor analysis. Being compared with five provinces of Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei, Fujian province ranked first, fifth, second, first, forth and first in F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and the overall assessment. Author found out the poor factors which affect the forestry investment environment in Fujian province by assessment, and provided tactics to improve the forestry investment environment for these defects in Fujian province.

  Discussion of the Guangdong Forest Data Center Construction Li Dafeng 2008, 24 (8):  182-184.  Abstract + ( 1555 )   PDF ( 400530KB )   ( 958 ) With the forestry information construction, more and more data are collected by the forest department. At present, 5TB data accumulated must be realized standardization management for further research and application. This paper presents that it is necessary to set up the Guangdong forest data center. Moreover, objective, principle, software and hardware construction of this center are analyzed, and then some problems during construction are discussed. Finally, the meaning of the Guangdong Forest Data center construction is summarized.

  Preliminary Discussion on Electronic Technology of Chinese Fir Log Volume Xu Lilai, Fu Shien 2008, 24 (8):  185-187.  Abstract + ( 1488 )   PDF ( 357392KB )   ( 859 ) According to actual needs of calculating volume, the paper introduces the use principles and related application of the function in Excel software, and preparing the worksheet for Chinese fir log volume in Excel, and especially illustrates the methods preparing Excel function formula to auto-input and auto-sum up volume data of Chinese fir log. The result indicates that this methods increase the efficiency and accuracy of the volume’s calculation compared with the traditional methods.

  农艺科学

  Breeding of New Variety Changnong 35 in Foxtail Millet Guo Erhu, Fan Huiping, Wang Xiuqing, Cheng Liping, Wang Jun, Guo Hongliang, Wang Qiulan 2008, 24 (8):  188-191.  Abstract + ( 2282 )   PDF ( 444732KB )   ( 3825 ) Changnong 35 is a new variety developed by the millet research institute of Shanxi academy of agricultural sciences. It has passed examinations by the Shanxi provincial crop variety appraisal committees in January 2004, and by the state in May 2005. Changnong 35 is a variety of fine quality, high yield, disease resistant, green-leaf maturing, good agronomic characters and wide adaptability. It has been apprised as gradeⅠmillet due to its rich nutrition, golden color and good commercial character. It is suitable to grow in areas of above 150 days of frost-free in Loess Plateau in northern China and in areas of spring-sowing medium-late maturing. The results of our pilot and extension work show that Changnong 35 will have a promising market and application future.

  The Influence of the Continuous Cropping to the Physical Properties of Cotton Soil Chai Zhongping, Liang Zhi, Wang Xuemei, Jia Hongtao 2008, 24 (8):  192-195.  Abstract + ( 1662 )   PDF ( 489125KB )   ( 792 ) Taking the cotton soil which have been planted cotton five years, 10, 15, 20 years in the 50 Mission in South Xingjian region as a target, we respectively measured the proportion of cotton soil, density, porosity and the reunion of the structure and mechanical components and other physical properties with the different continuous cropping years. The results showed that: The continuous cropping with cotton have a great influence on various physical properties. The proportion and density of cotton soil has an upward trend with years of growth. And the porosity of the contrary. The micro-aggregates which is less than 0.25 mm in the soil aggregate a larger proportion. The good proportion of the aggregate has a declining trend with years of growth, while micro-aggregates the contrary; the sand of the soil mechanical components have a larger proportion; but not gravel, the sand content showed an upward trend with years of growth, but the downward trend of silt, and clay showed no fluctuations in-law.

  The Relationship between Ecological Environment and Aroma Quality of flue-cured Tobacco in Yunnan Province Xu Zhaoli 2008, 24 (8):  196-200.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 489125KB )   ( 766 ) The relationship was analyzed between ecological environment and the main aroma matter including pigment aroma components, cuticular components and phenolic components. The result showed that, the special plateau ecological environment in flue-cured tobacco growing areas of Yunnan Province, which include high altitude, sun light and so on, and is benefit to form its special aroma style of flue-cured tobacco.

  Quantitative Analysis on Biomass and Net Primary Productivity of Aboveground Parts in Rice Wang Shangming, Zhang Chonghua, Hu Fengxi, Zeng Kai, Zhang Wenhong, Wang Wenjin 2008, 24 (8):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 2006 )   PDF ( 573042KB )   ( 1335 ) There are few quantificational reports about the net primary productivity（NPP）and biomass in rice so far. As the uppermost food supplies crop, it is very necessary to know the net primary productivity and biomass of rice. The results according to the datum of early rice agrometeorological oberservation of 1996-2005 show that the order NPP during different rice growth period is 3.65±1.36g/m2·d at sowing to third leaf seedling stage, 14.34±15.18g/m2·d at third leaf seedling to transplanting stage, 2.98±1.79g/m2·d at transplanting to tillering, 12.11±4.37g/m2·d at tillering to elongation stage, 19.35±4.66g/m2·d at elongation to heading stage, 29.89±13.71g/m2·d at heading to milky ripening stage, 8.81±11.51g/m2·d at milky ripening to ripening stage. The NPP of rice is higher than most other plants. The biomass of rice is 75.14±31.49g/m2 at third leaf seedling stage, 156.84±48.99g/m2 at transplanting stage, 5.48±2.50g/m2 after transplanting stage, 45.53±29.39g/m2 at tillering stage, 213.11±54.78g/m2 at elongation stage, 567.83±117.87g/m2 at heading stage, 889.70±173.99g/m2 at milky ripening stage, 1018.00±147.60g/m2 at ripening stage. The biomass gradually increases with the growth of rice. The significant linear correlation exists the NPP and leaf area index.

  Study of The Effect of Control Irrigation on The Growth of Rice Root Wang Qiuju, Li Mingxian, Zhao Hongliang, Chi Liyong 2008, 24 (8):  206-208.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 417361KB )   ( 873 ) This test uses a single-factor repeat tests, explore the effect of different ways of controlling water irrigation on root growth of rice. The results show that different irrigation ways has different impact on rice roots, the appropriate control of irrigation water can increase the length of rice root, number, root volume and the weight of dry matter, and can enhance rice root activity; controlling water irrigation to save water 2625 m3/hm2, raise Rice Yield 580.35 kg/hm2.

  Analysis on the Characteristic and Exploitable Prospects of National Authorized Wheat Varity Zhengmai 004 Analysis on the Characteristic and Exploitable Prospects of National Authorized Wheat Varity Zhengmai 00 2008, 24 (8):  209-212.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 420810KB )   ( 904 ) Tests in many places for two years showed that Zhengmai 004 is a high and steady yield, wide adaptability wheat variety. Its average yield is 2.96 percent more than that of contrast Yumai49. It has many good characters such as more tillers, more harvested ears, proportional three elements of yield, good quality, good resistance against disadvantage circumstance and so on. It can be widely planted in the southern area of Huanghuai wheat zone and Henan province.

  Researching Advance in Plant Breeding with salt-tolerance Yang Xiaoling, Hou Zhengfang, Ji Jing 2008, 24 (8):  213-216.  Abstract + ( 1548 )   PDF ( 597121KB )   ( 1579 ) Production in Agriculture was destroyed by salt in the soil. It is important to develop the plant with salt-tolerance. Breeding method, identifying to mutant with salt-tolerance and its developing was reviewed. Some suggestion was proposed to enlarge variety resource and short the time of plant breeding with salt-tolerance.

  A Study of Fertility of Revers Genic Sterile Rice Wang Huifeng ,Yang Yanling, Huang Qunce 2008, 24 (8):  217-219.  Abstract + ( 1568 )   PDF ( 397144KB )   ( 743 ) FHS of special fertility is got from the offsprings of the rice 99-02 which has been irradiated by low energy ion beam. In order to reserch the fertility and fertility trasition Conditions, the fertility characteristic of FHS is studyed through different planting time and under different temperature. The results suggest that the fertility of FHS Is steady from the last ten days of July to the first ten days of August,which is it’s fertility period; the middle ten days of August to the last ten days of August is it’s fertility trasition period, during which it is partly fertile period；The days from the last ten days of August is it’s completely sterile period.Consulting on the weather datum and the temperature trasacting the rice with which, the coclusion shows that the fertile critical temperature of FHS is 27~28℃, the sterile temperature is 23~24℃.

  植物生理科学

  Daily Change of Anti-ageing Enzymes Activities of Different Peanut Cultivars Jiao Yanlin, Yin Yan, Yan Meiling, Zhao Jian, Han Qixiu 2008, 24 (8):  220-224.  Abstract + ( 1395 )   PDF ( 499947KB )   ( 934 ) The effects of drought at seedling stage on anti-ageing enzymes acivities in peanut were studied under water control condition. The results shouwed that daily change of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catlase (CAT) activity of Luhua 11 was a double peak curve respectively, and reach the first peak at 11:30 and came to the second peak at 15:30. SOD activity of Nongda 818 came to the peak at 13:30, but daily change of POD and CAT activity was a double peak curve respectively, and reached the first peak at 11:30 and the second peak at 15:30. SOD、POD activity of Nongda 818 was much higher than that of Luhua 11. Dought in during seedling stage enhanced anti-ageing enzyme activity in two peanut cultivars, and anti-ageing enzyme activity in Nongda 818 leaves was higher than that in Luhua 11 leaves.

  Effects of Ethylene Inhibitor and Promoter on Growth, Protective Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation of Maize under Water Stress and Rewatering Conditions Liu Jianfeng, Cheng Yunqing, Chen Zhiwen 2008, 24 (8):  225-229.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 591892KB )   ( 819 ) A systematic study was conducted to determine the effects of ethylene inhibitor and pomoter on growth, protective enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of maize under water stress and rewatering conditions. The results showed that, ethephon treatments were profitable to control plant height, and promote root weight and biomass under light drought stress, while biomass of AgNO3 treatments decreased compared with control under light drought and heavy drought stress conditions. Ethephon treatments could depress MDA synthesis and relative electric conductivity, reduced soluble protein content, and the effects of AgNO3 on MDA synthesis, relative electric conductivity and soluble protein content was contrast to that of ethephon treatments. Ethephon treatments could promote superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peoxidase (POD) activities, while AgNO3 could depress SOD, CAT and POD activities.

  Effects of Nano-TiO2 Photosemiconductor on Photosynthesis of Cucumber Plants Zhang Ping, Cui Haixin, Zhang Zhijuan, Zhong Rugang 2008, 24 (8):  230-233.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 511245KB )   ( 968 ) The mechanism of TiO2 semiconductor photocatalysis had similarity with artificial photosynthesis. The effects of nano-TiO2 photosemiconductor sol on the photosynthesis of cucumber plants had been firstly reported in this paper. Anatase TiO2 semiconductor used in the experiment was synthesized by sol-gel methods, and its effects on photosynthesis, activities of root systems and contents of leaf cell malondialdehyde had been studies after spray different concentration of nano-TiO2 sol on cucumber leaves in culturing experiments. The experimental results showed that nano-TiO2 sol could form perfectly adhesive, transparent, continuing and stable films on the surfaces of leaves by which net photosynthetic rates and activities of root system had been significantly promoted. These results provided some scientific and technical references for application of nanomaterials which using TiO2 as effective ingredients in agricultural research.

  Shoot Apex Regulates Growth, Endogenous Hormone and Potassium and Nitrogen Accumulation in Flue-cured Tobacco Dai Xiaoyan, , Su Yirong, Chen Fenglei, Long Wen, Chen Xiangbi, Fan Yekuan 2008, 24 (8):  234-240.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 786415KB )   ( 628 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Effects of decapitation and plant growth regulator on plant growth, endogenous hormones and N, K accumulation were examined within 2 weeks.【METHOD】The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was employed to determine the contents of indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3) and Zeatin(ZR) under pot culture. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the content of endogenous hormone IAA, ABA, GA3 and ZR decreased in leaves and increased in roots of decapitated plants compared to no decapitated plants. The content of IAA in leaves of decapitated plants was 2-fold lower than that of no decapitated plants at 1h, and it represented a 140.70% and 110.77% rise in roots compared to that of no decapitated and IAA-treated plants at 14d. The GA3 content in roots of decapitated plant was 124.18% and 106.66% higher than that of no decapitated plants at 5h and 24h, respectively. In decapitated and IAA-treated plants, the net increases in dry matter and nitrogen accumulation were allocated into the middle and upper leaves, stems and roots, and potassium accumulation increased in middle, upper leaves and roots, but the potassium accumulation in whole plant and stems were lower than that of no decapitated plants.【CONCLUSION】The shoot apex can regulate the accumulation of dry matter, endogenous hormone, potassium and nitrogen among different organs of tobacco. Applications of plant exogenous growth regulator after removel of the shoot apex can partly replace the role of the shoot apex.

  Stalk Position Character of Chemical Composition of Tobacco in Main Producing Areas in Yunnan Zhao Lihong 2008, 24 (8):  241-246.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 557525KB )   ( 823 ) A preliminary analysis of principle chemical component of different tobacco leaf position was carried out under diversified entironment in Yunnan province. It present distinct different oftotal sugar among the tobacco leaf positions in Simao area; as well as nicotine and total nitrogen in Dali area; potassium and chloride in Baoshan area; the ratio of sugar to nicotine in Yuxi area; the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine in Qujing area.

  The Impact of De-ethylene on Yangmei’s Post-harvest Physiology and Preservation Kuang Xiaodong, Wang Congtian, Xiang Min, Deng Ling, Deng Yuqiong 2008, 24 (8):  247-251.  Abstract + ( 1661 )   PDF ( 588328KB )   ( 856 ) 【OBJECTIVE】This research is to provide a new method for Yangmei’s preservation by eliminating the maturing effect caused by ethylene which is produced by Yangmei itself, slowing Yangmei’ decomposed metamorphic process and extending the period of preservation. 【METHOD】 Soak a piece of 32 cm length, 16 cm width, 1cm thick sponge (as a carrier) into KMnO4 saturated solution. Then dry the sponge and put it on the plastic basket which contained Yangmei and seal all of them.【RESULTS】The processed fruit can be preserved 13 days while the unprocessed fruit can be preserved 11 days below 0 ℃. Both processed fruit and unprocessed fruit can be preserved 4 days below 20 ℃. The research shows that the method of de-ethylene has obvious inhibiting effect on the late respiratory strength, relative conductivity and MDA of the fruit which are preserved below 0 ℃ and the fruit’s depraved rate is reduced. This method also has obvious inhibiting effect on the respiratory strength, relative conductivity and MDA of the fruit which are preserved below 20 ℃.【CONCLUSION】Yangmei can be preserved 13 days below 0 ℃ by using the method of de-ethylene. This method is simple, low cost, and has a good preservation effect.

  Effect of the Growth Characteristics in Seedling of Different Rice Varieties under Saline-alkali Stress Li Xia , Cao Kun, , Yan Lina, , Wang Chao, , Sun Zhiwei, , Zhou Yuelan 2008, 24 (8):  252-256.  Abstract + ( 1982 )   PDF ( 584551KB )   ( 1027 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to elucidated the mechanism on tolerance to saline-alkali stress and develop a method to identify the rice varieties under saline-alkali stress in Jiangsu Province, 【METHOD】 The main growth characteristics of 18 rice varieties such as plant height, livability at bud stage,dry weight of seedling,length of stem ,length of root and the number of lateral root, et al. were studied under saline-alkali stress (pH 9.8);【RESULTS】 The results indicated that the heavier saline-alkali stress was, the more rice bud livability,plant height dropped. As compared with japonica rice plant, indica rice plants were sensitive to saline-alkali stress,exhibiting lower bud livability ,lighter dry weight of plant,smaller height of main root and less number of lateral root. While the saline-alkali tolerance of the hybrid rice exhibited a bit different among the varieties. Hybrid Shanyou 63 and Liangyoupeijiu were tolerant to saline-alkali at middle degree, lying between japonica and indica while that of hybrid Yueyou 938 was similar to indica rice plant;【CONCLUSION】Bud livability and the number of lateral root between Ck and saline-alkali were significant at 0.01 and 0.05 level ,respectively, which can be the important indexes identifying to saline-alkali stress at seedling stage of rice.

  A Study on the Photosynthetic Specialty about Mulberry in Xinjiang Desert Yin Gong, Xu Li, Mai Mai Ti Yiming, , Xia Qingyou, Wu Lili, Mi Ri Guli Yin Yuping, Yan Hailong, Zeng Fanjiang 2008, 24 (8):  257-261.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 560530KB )   ( 736 ) The diurnal variation of photosynthesis for leaves of mulberry in desert had been studied under the natural conditions. The results were as follow: when it is strong photic, hyperthermal and droughty, the curves of diurnal variations of net photo-synthetic rate（Po） had two peaks. Po and stomatal conductance（Cs）are a little low. Po had a significant correlation with Cs. It was known that the photosynthesis in leaves was influenced by activity of stomatal factors, transpiration rates, external air temperature and relative humidity and so on.

  Effects of Various Trace Element on the Photosynthesis and Stachydrine Contents of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. Jiang Zhaoxing, Zhang Yan 2008, 24 (8):  262-265.  Abstract + ( 1540 )   PDF ( 535857KB )   ( 842 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To find out the effects of different trace element on the photosynthesis and secondary metabolites of Leonurus japonicus Houtt.;【METHOD】Pot experiments were carried out, different trace element were sprayed on the leaf during the developmental stage of medicines, and the leaf photosynthesis characteristids and contents of stachydrine of Leonurus japonicus Houtt.in different fertilization treatment were calculated and compared;【RESULTS】The result indicate that trace element of different concentration could facilitate the photosynthesis and stachydrine contents of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. in various degree. Among them, the effect of normal concentration of Mn,Zn and Fe were more distinguished, they elevate the stachydrine contents 96%，62%and 57%more than the control group. And stachydrine content were significant correlated with the max-photosynthesis;【CONCLUSION】It illustrate that trace element can impact the content of the end product by regulating the metabolism of physiology and the precursor and kinase of the secondary metabolite.

  Studies on the Radiation Sensitivity of Different Crops Treated by 60Co γ Rays Zhang Ruixun, Feng Shuiying, Qi Yongbin, Lu Yanting, Ye Shenghai, Zhang Xiaoming 2008, 24 (8):  266-269.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   PDF ( 543456KB )   ( 681 ) For understanding the radiation sensitivity of different crops to 60Co γ radiation, 7 crop varietals dry seeds, cotton, rice, barley, rape, soybean, glutinous corn and sweet corn, has been exposed in the 0~1500Gy 60Co γ radiation. The germination rates, with the exposure time in the γ ray increased, present following 4 kinds of type. the results showed that rape, insensitive; (2) rice and soybean, the germination rate gradually decrease; (3) cotton and barley, germination rate "decrease - increase - decrease again", but the highest germination rate does not surpassed the control; and (4) glutinous corn and sweet corn, the germination rate "increase-decrease", germination rates reach maximum when the exposure is 300Gy. The exposure sensitivity is ranked in: rice > soybean > cotton > glutinous corn, sweet corn> barley > rape. Therefore, authors suggested the crops exposure sensitive difference in 60Co γ rays was mainly decided by the crop genomic size and seed fullness besides rape contains the chemical Component called allyl mustard oil which resistant to radiation.

  土壤肥料科学

  The effect of the concentration of clay organic carbon on particle-size composition in the hill region of the suitable inhabitancy Shi Kun, Chen Zhuo 2008, 24 (8):  274-278.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 568663KB )   ( 873 ) The relations between the concentration of clay organic carbon and soil particle-size were studied in Pine forest and Maize field of different land-uses in the Jinzhou region of Dalian. Soil samples were collected according to profile layers, and soil organic carbon concentration, soil particle-size composition were measured and analyzed statistically. Results showed that vertical distribution of soil organic carbon content varies with soil depth and land use type, and the order of soil organic carbon mean concentrations were: Pine forest (7.619g/kg) > Maize field (5.971g/kg). The relation between the concentration of clay organic carbon and soil particle-size was highly significant (P<0.01). The correlation between the content of pine forest silt and the mean content of soil organic carbon was the biggest (R2=0.8822) so as to that of sand grain of maize field (R2=0.9786), while the correlation between the content of clay and the mean content of soil organic carbon both pine forest and maize field was the least (respectively=0.8186, 0.6145). The percentage of silt content was the highest(＞32%) in each soil layers. And the correlation with the content of silt was higher than that of clay, so the content of silt could be an important index of soil organic carbon so that use it to estimate the concentrations of soil organic carbon.

  Study on Soil Retention Characteristics of Different Position of Slope of Soil under Different Land Uses in Liudaogou Basin Lǚ Dianqing, , Pan Yun 2008, 24 (8):  279-282.  Abstract + ( 1568 )   PDF ( 480643KB )   ( 780 ) In order to conduct ecological environment restoration in Liudaogou basin located in water-wind erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau, the soils in different position of slope under different land uses were sampled in Liudaogou basin and soil water characteristics curves were measured by centrifugal method. Soil retention characteristics and water validity were reviewed based on data. The results showed that indexes of A, S(C(θ)=10-2) and A*B were suit of evaluating soil water retention ability in Liudaogou basin. At the top part of the slope land, the soil water retention ability and soil moisture validity of farmland, Caragana korshinskii Kom and Artmisa arenaria land were better than that of the Poplar field; at the middle of the slope of land, the soil water retention ability and the soil moisture validity of farmland were the best, which of the Poplar field were the worst; at the bottom of the slope of the land, the soil water characteristics and the soil moisture validity of the Caragana korshinskii Kom were better than that of the other soil under different land uses. So shrub plants with high retention capacity and water validity such as Caragana korshinskii Kom and Artmisa arenaria, should be chosen to use for vegetation Restoration in Liudaogou basin.

  Application of Controlled-release Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Japonica Rice Qin Daozhu, Huang Pingna, Xu Minggang, Li Dongchu, Park Hungwe 2008, 24 (8):  283-286.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 506953KB )   ( 767 ) Under the Controlled-release fertilizer (LCU) paddy research of Unbongbyeo, a Japonica variety, in the red soil hilly fields of southern Hunan for two consecutive years, with a systemic field observation combined with real time analysis.The result is: the tiller rice seedlings, Controlled-release Fertilizer LCU70≥NPK＞LCU50＞PK; while the rice panicle rates of controlled-release fertilizer LCU70 and LCU50 are 6.3% and 4.5% higher than those of urea treatment respectively.The increases of dry matters in leaves, stem and root are higher under the application of controlled release fertilizer than other treatments. Ranking by treatment, it will be: LCU70＞NPK＞LCU50＞PK. The controlled release fertilizer LCU70 also has the highest Leaf area index (LAI) 6.50, which 1.04 and 1.51 higher than NPK and LCU50 respectively.The yield of Unbongbyeo is: While the amount of nitrogen used in Controlled-release fertilizer is 70% of its in conventional fertilization (NPK), the rice yield is 6.72% higher than that of conventional fertilization, the yield difference is significant; While the amount of nitrogen used in Controlled-release fertilizer is 50% of its in conventional fertilization (NPK), the yields equivalent, the yield difference is not significant. It shows that the application of controlled release fertilizer can reduce the usage amount of nitrogen by 30%~50%.

  Primary Study of Spores Germination of AM Fungi and the Dual Culture with Clover Roots Shao Jufang, , Zhu Hongwei, , Yang Xiaohong, Sun Zhonghai 2008, 24 (8):  287-291.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 625825KB )   ( 865 ) The germination ratio of spores was compared after stored different time in cool temperature and with different progenitive form. The dual culture of Gigaspora margarita spores and clover roots was done as well. The results showed: (1) The native spores stored at 4℃ for 10-50 days significantly gained higher germination ratio. The highest ratio was 30.34% in the track of 20 days store. (2) Different progenitive form had different germination ratio. In this experiment, the order was Gl. sp sporacarps＞Gi. margarita＞Gl. mosseae＞Gl. sp spores;(3) In dual culture, the effect of host plant roots on spore’s germination was not significant, but obviously promoted branch of hypha. The groveling infection was observed. Under runner hypha which have stopped growing branched separated ones, and further developed branched absorbing structure. After one month, there were （45.76±5） spores per millimeter root. The hypha growth direction was not influenced by roots.

  Effects of Seed Coating Fertilizer on Seedling Growth and Biochemistry of Direct-Seeded Early Rice Zhu Hongfu, Xiong Yuanfu, Zou Yingbin, Wen Zhuyou, Xiong Hairong, Jiang Lihua, Chen Yi 2008, 24 (8):  292-294.  Abstract + ( 1578 )   PDF ( 419328KB )   ( 695 ) Effects of seed coating fertilizer on seedling growth and biochemic indicator of direct-seeded early rice were firstly studied by means of experiment of field direct-seeding with rice seed coated by seed coating fertilizer. The results show that the seedling growth and the indicators of biochemistry of the rice seed was coated by seed coating fertilizer with the coating rate of 1:50, 1:70, 1:90 were superior to those of CK, except germination rate is slightly lower. The seedling rate, seedling height, number of total roots, number of white roots, dry weight, unit dry weight, root activity, free proline content and Chlorophy ll content of coated seed with the coating rate of 1:70, increased by 8.4%, 2.1%, 18.8%, 4.4%, 19.3%, 10.8%, 44.9%, 32.9%, 14.6% compared with CK, respectively, which were better than those of the other coating rates.

  Research Advance and Developing Tendency of Turfgrass Soilless Culture Wu Liang, Bian Xiuju, Xu Qiuming, Gu Jialin 2008, 24 (8):  295-299.  Abstract + ( 1665 )   PDF ( 665895KB )   ( 1187 ) The author introduces the latest research achievements and application methods of soilless culture at home and abroad. It presents the research measures on soilless culture substrate of turfgrass from three aspects: the selection of soilless culture substrates, the physicochemical and biological characters of substrate and the research measure on substrates. The latest research directions and future research tendency on soilless culture substrates for turfgrass in China are discussed, including the research on structure of substrate, the production process of substrate, the rhizosphere nutrition management of substrate.

  园艺园林科学

  Analyze of Influence Factors of Seed Yield in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Ao Yan 2008, 24 (8):  300-304.  Abstract + ( 1478 )   PDF ( 517349KB )   ( 962 ) As woody energy plant, Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge’s seed yield is the main factor restricts its exploiture. 26 characters about plant shape, leaves, fruits, seeds, yield and oil content of 357 Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge plants were analyzed by using correlation, multiple regression and path analysis. The main factors restrict seed yield were found. The result showed that seed yield was significantly positively correlated with basal diameter, crown width, leaf length, leaf area, fruit length, fruit width, seed number per fruit, fruit weight and fruit number. It was positively correlated with pericarp thickness, carpel number, seed length, seed width and weight of 100 fruits, and was negatively correlated with height below the first tress. Fruit weight, seed ratio, number of fruit, seed number per fruit and seed width were the main traits affected plant seed yield. Fruit weight, fruit number and seed ratio had more contribution to seed yield, and these characters were the main characters to considerate when choose high seed yield plant.

  Countermeasure Research on Rural Landscape Instruction Dong Xiaojing, Chen Dongtian, Gao Wang, Xu Xuedong, Zhang Xiaohong 2008, 24 (8):  305-308.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 563988KB )   ( 1627 ) The rural landscape has been present a series of problems, such as “the new enclosure movement” and so on. The facts were resulted from the incomplete plan statues, the wrong view on performance and conservative plan methods. To solve these problems, six governing countermeasures are offered: firstly, establish the right estimation standards; secondly, follow the new plan regulations; thirdly, explore underground space and organize rural landscape construction rationally through planning; fourthly, insist on right view on performance; fifthly, insist on sustainable income index; lastly, inculcate and propagandize the rural landscape instruction.

  The Preliminary Study Report of the Introduced Plants and Plant Choice in the Exhibition Greenhouse of Xi ’an Botanical Garden Li Yan , Li Sifeng, Dong Changgen, Li Lianmei ,Zou Fengying 2008, 24 (8):  309-314.  Abstract + ( 1488 )   PDF ( 771788KB )   ( 744 ) To carry out in plant diversity conservation effectively and promote the greenhouse scenery .609 species (120 families ,233 genera)tropical and sub-tropical plants were cultivated in the exhibition greenhouse of Xi’an Botanical Garden. Among the plants, there are Orchidaceae (25 genera ,60 species),Palmae (14 genera ,29 species), tropical fruit plants (10 familes ,19 species) , and over 100 species are succulent plants（16 families,44 genera）. 22 species belongs to rare and endangered plants.8 plant areas are distributed as below by the plant morphology 、ornamental characteristics、application and the greenhouse character: succulent plant area; palm plant area; flower plant area;fruit plant area;epiphyte area:shade plant area;ornamental plant area;overhanging plant area. The greenhouse should enhance the introduction of rare and endangered plants and the specialized plants.To utilize the space of the greenhouse more effectively, herbaceous plants, overhanging plants and epiphytes should also be collected.

  On Tree Species of Hibiscus Linn and their Application in Landscape Architecture Liu Xiaodong, Jiang Weibing, Weng Mangling 2008, 24 (8):  315-320.  Abstract + ( 1360 )   PDF ( 906119KB )   ( 681 ) Hibiscus tree species, which have been used prevalently as an ornamental plant since Jin dynasty, has a long history of cultivation and planting in China. This essay is to summarize the rich resource of Hibiscus. Then, it puts emphasis on the cultural meaning, the value of exploiture and the main forms used in gardening of three main native species-Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Hibiscus mutabilis Linn., and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn..

  The Research of Development of Tea --The Advantage Characteristic Industry of Guangxi Province Liu Yufang, Lin Chaoci, Chen Chunfeng 2008, 24 (8):  321-326.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   PDF ( 800915KB )   ( 774 ) Guangxi province is the one of the most appropriate areas for tea-growth. Tea industry is one of the advantage characteristic industries in Guangxi province. How to speed up the development of tea industry in Guangxi province is very important for increasing the farmers’ income and developing Guangxi economy. By analyzing the internal and external tea markets and the problems existing in the Guangxi tea development and the advantages of the Guangxi tea development, the Guangxi tea development plan was made. Being accorded great importance to and being provided strong support by the Gov. and full use the advantages to well breed tea, large-scale management, scientific management, production mechanization and attach great importance to building brand and develop tea technology and tea cultural, we can believe that the development of tea in Guangxi will be faster and better and the early spring-tea of Guangxi will be well known in China.

  Study on Drought Resistance of Two Plants of Urban Green Land: Hemerocallis fulva and Zoysia japonica Zhang Wenting, Liu Fuqiang, Wang Huatian, Chen Caiye, Yu Wensheng, Tang Zhaojian, Song Li, Jiang Chengping 2008, 24 (8):  327-331.  Abstract + ( 1766 )   PDF ( 723731KB )   ( 731 ) Under water-controlling treatment, drought resistance physiological characteristics of 2-year-old potted herbs of Hemerocallis fulva and Zoysia japonica under natural soil drought stress were measured and assessed by using membership function method. Results showed that: During the water-controlling course as the drought stress strengthened, the photosynthesis, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll content, soil water potential and leaf water potential of those plants all decreased while cytopermeability increased. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of H. fulva was in a "N" shape, and that of Z. japonica increased constantly. Soluble protein content of those two herbs first decreased and then increased. The change tendency of proline content of H. fulva first increased and then decreased, and that of Z. japonica was in a "V" shape. Comprehensive assessment of the two herbs showed that: Under drought stress, the performance of H. fulva was more excellent than Z. japonica.

  Study on Biological Characteristics of Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) New Strain “Texuan-815” and its Fruit Storability Chen Jie, Jia Bing, Shan Jing, Zhu Liwu 2008, 24 (8):  332-335.  Abstract + ( 1951 )   PDF ( 501843KB )   ( 636 ) “Texuan-815” was a kiwifruit new strain which belongs to Actinidia chinensis bred by Anhui Agricultural University. To ascertain its biological characteristics the phenological period, growth and fruiting habit and economical character were observed and recorded, and the ratio of ripen fruit, lost weight, whole fruit, and the change of soluble solid content, soluble sugar, titratable acid, vitamin C in post-harvest fruit of “Texuan-815” were investigated under storage at room temperature by contrast with Actinidia deliciosa cv Hayward. The result indicated that the phenological period of “Texuan-815” were 3-6 days earlier than that of Hayward from budding to flowering phenology. The short fruiting shoot accounted for 50%, fruit mean weight was 133 grams, fruit growth period was about 180 days, and fruitful yield was 42000 kilograms per hectare in “Texuan-815”. The new strain had green-yellow pulp, low acidity, and good flavor. The post-harvest fruit of “Texuan-815” ripened slower in prophase and faster after 30 days, and had lower weight loss in ten days and higher whole fruit ratio after 45 days under storage at room temperature. It was proved that the economical character of the new strain “Texuan-815” were superior to that of Hayward and had nice future in coming kiwifruit production.

  The Alteration of Tea’s Northern Cultivation Boundary in China Based on the Temperature Increasing Yang Shuyun, Jiang Changjun 2008, 24 (8):  336-339.  Abstract + ( 1739 )   PDF ( 451390KB )   ( 786 ) The change of tea northern cultivation boundary in China was studied based on the temperature rise in the future. The average tea northern boundary is Qingling Mountain-Huaihe River in the history, and the border had a slight change with the fluctuation of temperature in the history. And the tea culture sector can be divided into two sections: the eastern and the western section. The western section boundary, Qinling Mountain, is stable in the history with the role of tall terrain and will be stable in the future. The eastern is plains area, and the cultivation region is changeable with the exchange of climate. As a result of temperature rising the eastern section will shift the north: the boundary would be northward over 153~251km in 2050, 290~477km in 2090.

  The Relationship between Tea Production and Climatic Conditions in the Southeast of Shandong Zhu Xiuhong, Ma Pinyin, Cheng Zhaojin, Yao Wenjun 2008, 24 (8):  340-343.  Abstract + ( 1452 )   PDF ( 460962KB )   ( 791 ) The tea production increased in recent years in the southeast of Shandong Province, but the single yield volatile. Research on the relationship between climatic condition and tea production is necessary. Using the meteorological data of three stations in 1992-2005 in Rizhao, and linear regression, find out the temperature, precipitation, sunshine, frozen soil and other 12 meteorological factors were significantly related to tea production. The production forecast model of tea is established after gradually return. It’s a multiple regression equation,Y=-972.12+191.39X1-219.92X2-37.06X3+8.06X4-66.26X5+3.83X6+5.07X7+8.56X8-0.29X9-0.05X10+9.71X11+1.68X12, r equal to 0.999987. The average deviation is 5.02% by testing, it shows that’s accurate prediction model.

  Review of Studies on Urban Landscape-plants Eco-adaptability Zhang Caifeng 2008, 24 (8):  344-349.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 890564KB )   ( 1421 ) Urban Landscape-plants are the main urban greening materials, whether the used Landscape-plants have great ecological adaptability is directly related to urban greening success or not. At present, the researches in this area have made a lot of achievements. A review about recent study of domestic and foreign scholars on the urban plants such as shade-tolerance, cold-hardiness, the Saline-alkali-tolerance, drought-resistance,anti-pollution, wind-resistane was made, And addressed the Further research topics.

  Changes in Fruit Development and Contents of Sugar and Acid of Four Mid-Maturity Sand Pears in Protected Cultivation Wang Tao, , Lin Mei, Wang Haiqin, Fang Jinggui, Chen Danxia, Zhang Zhen 2008, 24 (8):  350-354.  Abstract + ( 1239 )   PDF ( 578444KB )   ( 570 ) The law of fruit development and changes in contents of sugar and acid of four mid-maturity sand pears in protected cultivation was studied. It was showed that Akibae, Kousui and Xueqing all matured in the first ten days of July, among of them, Akibae matured at first and Wonwhang matured in the middle ten days of July. The dynamic changes of sugar of four mid-maturity cultivars basically accorded with each other; there was evident difference between the changes of the contents of total acid of Wonwhang and other three cultivars during fruit development. The ratio of sugar and acid of Kousui picked on June 27 was 77.96 and the biggest of the four cultivars. As a result, Wonwhang, Kousui and Akibae are good mid-maturity cultivars, fitting to be grown in greenhouse and may be extended and applied widely.

  Constitute of Regeneration System of Spring Onion Via Cotyledon and Judge of Tetraploid Plantlets Mu Chunhua, Liu Xia, Yu Yuanjie, Wang Jinhui 2008, 24 (8):  355-359.  Abstract + ( 1619 )   PDF ( 634965KB )   ( 700 ) Zhangqiu spring onion was used as experimental materials. We studied the optimum medium and hormone combination of callus induction from cotyledons, subculture of callus, shoot regeneration from callus, shoot-extension induction, root induction and identified the chromosome number of the plantlet. The results showed that: MS+2,4-D 2.0mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L, MS＋2,4-D 2.5mg/L＋KT 0.5mg/L, MS+2,4-D 0+KT 1.0mg/L, MS+KT 0.5 mg/L and basal MS medium. One plantlet among twenty two was determined as a tetraploidy based on the plant morphology, observation of the leaf stoma and chromosome number of the root, other two plantlets represented morphological variation.

  The Value of Green Space Vegetation Quantity in Afforest Planning and Design Zhu Jin 2008, 24 (8):  360-363.  Abstract + ( 1292 )   PDF ( 504255KB )   ( 984 ) The text of the Green volume, capacity, quality of landscape architecture (depending in environment), frequency of use (resistance riding rate), Green evaluation index, the study of plant community (population) spatial distribution, structural characteristics and the relationship between the ecological effects on the ecological effects of the regional context priority, the priority of human space theoretical and practical problems in the hope that through the green of the exploration and search for optimization of plant design, Green played the largest comprehensive efficiency of the way.

  Preliminary Report on the Effect of Spraying Yuhualing on Leaf in Watermelon Yuan Jingzhou, Li Wenxin, Lu Xiaomei, Lin Ren gong, Luo Shengfang, Huang Xingqin 2008, 24 (8):  364-367.  Abstract + ( 1976 )   PDF ( 519010KB )   ( 846 ) In watermelon growing period(vine-extending stage, flowering and fruit setting stage, fruit expanding stage), spray on the leaf blade with bio-type organic nutrition agent Yu Hua Ling , promote plant growth stronger , make leaves dark green with thick shape ,enhance the ability of leaves, photosynthesis .In the vine-extending stage and fruit expanding stage, spray on the leaf blade with yuhualing no.1, can promote bind growth and supplementary nutrient and postpone agine. In flowering and fruit setting stage, spray on the leaf blade with yuhualing no.3, can regulating vegetative and reproductive growth, increase output of fruit .The result show that, can bring a growth of 25.4% for fruit-beaing number per plant, and 12.22% for per fruit weight and 40.72% for yield. And preliminarily studied at the nutrition content of leaf and resistance.

  植物保护科学

  Genetics and Molecular Markers of Resistance to Five Diseases in Cucumber Feng Jianming, , Zhang Haiying, Chen Nianlai, Wang Yongjian 2008, 24 (8):  368-372.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 592849KB )   ( 1094 ) Disease resistance is one of the most important agricultural traits in the cucumber, this paper reviews the inheritance of resistance to fusarium wilt, powdery mildew and three viruse disease, and their relatively molecular markers. We also discuss the problems of molecular markers in cucumber breeding and priorities in future.

  Effect of Fungicides Control Cucumber Root Rot in the Solar Greenhouse Chen Zhijie, Li Yingmei, Li Zekuan, Zhang Shulian, Zhang Feng, Wang Qi, Chen Zhenfeng 2008, 24 (8):  373-376.  Abstract + ( 1521 )   PDF ( 481816KB )   ( 668 ) Three fungicides (25% AONING, 70% Mancozeb, 55% sodiump (dimethylamino) benzenediazo sulfonate) toxicity on cucumber root rot were tested by hypha growth speed of Northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong region solar greenhouse, carry out fungicides treatment soil and irrigate root experiment .The result showed that three fungicides have obviously repress function on hypha growth in two pathogens. The best effect was 25% AONING WP, the followed was 55% sodiump (dimethylamino) benzenediazosulfonate WP, the worst is 70% Mancozeb WP. Guanzhong Region Pathogens EC50 separately was 0.3754, 219.5887, 105.5966. Northern Shaanxi Pathogens EC50 separately were 0.2771, 160.5462, 89.5241. Economics effective amount used in the field is 200g, 2000g, 2000g. The result of irrigate root are not remarkable, and not suitable promoted in the production.

  Research Progess of Botanical Acaricides Ma Lina, , Hu Junhua, Lei Huide 2008, 24 (8):  377-380.  Abstract + ( 1477 )   PDF ( 575166KB )   ( 738 ) Botanical Acaricides are a hot spot in the research of pesticide at present. The screening of acaricidal plant is one of the main factors, and it has practical and academic importance. Acaricidal plant included medicinal plants, non-medicine natural plants. The significant differences in the acaricidal activity on the different plant species were not surprising since the plants come from different families. However, It was found that effect and acaricidal route of action also vary. It is possible that the observed differences could be due to the special physiology of acarid. At the same time ,this particularity also increase the wokload and difficulty of screening of acaricidal plants. The progress in research and development of the screening of botannical acaricide, including acting pathways and action mechanism of the acaricidal plants against mites have been introduced. New research field of botanical acaricides are discussed, alomg with the prospects of botanical acaicides.

  The Initial Research at Rice Synthetic Resistance to Pests and Diseases Ji Renhuan, Lan Qihe, Liu Chanyuan, Guo Li, Ling Yuansheng 2008, 24 (8):  381-386.  Abstract + ( 1775 )   PDF ( 663144KB )   ( 958 ) Via the experiments at 13 main rice varieties(combinations) introduced and extended in Liujiang County in recent years, such as Zhongyou663, etc, to have synthetic evaluation by using the method of [0，1]Multiple Goal Decision. According to the ability of resistance to rice plant hopper, rice case worm, paddy borer and sheath blight, these 13 rice varieties(combinations) are sorted like the following. YouⅠ602, JinYou602, LingYou6602, FengLiangYou1, JinLiangYou2, YouⅠ402, T You 259, Jinyou 463, Zhongyou71, Zhongyou 663, Zhongyou 207, Jinyou 207, Jinyou 616. Among these varieties(combinations), the first five ones are medium resistance, and the rests are all medium Susceptible，none of them is high resistant variety(combination),this means that there are still a lot of work to do with rice breeding for varieties(combinations) which have synthetic resistance to pests and diseases. Via the Analysis to the Genetic relationship, it is found that the close genetic rice varieties(combinations) have similar resistance. To analyse the resistance of the five varieties(combinations) which are medium resistant, and to have reasonable arrangement for different varieties in different ecological environment accordingly.

  Research on Epidemic Diffusion Model of Citrus Huanglongbing in Citrus Orchard Yu Jihua, Wang Enguo 2008, 24 (8):  387-391.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   The occurrence of Citrus Huanglongbing were investigated to reveal the epidemic diffusion in citrus orchards. Based on the three types of treatment: natural conditions without artificial control, simple pest control and disease prevention and the integrated control methods, we established the epidemic diffusion model of Citrus Huanglongbing by the dynamic inspection of onset and dispersion in Huangyan District from2002 to 2007, with the help of the epidemic census data: P1=12.9690N1-18.10（n=6，r=0.9945**）or P1=0.2293N12+11.135N1-14.89（n=6，r=0.9948**），P2=7.8857N2-10.2667（n=6，r=0.9675**） or P2=1.4107N22-1.9893N2+2.90（n=7，r=0.9996**） and P3=-0.1398xN32+1.1248N3-1.141(n=6,r=0.8396*). The results show that it takes nine years from the onset to complete destruction in natural conditions without artificial control by the models. Simple pest control and disease prevention measures also were difficult to achieve the sustainable control effect. The integrated control methods’s an effective approach to control Citrus Huanglongbing sustainably and safeguard the smooth development of dominant citrus industry.

  Fatty-acid Identification of Ralstonia solanacearum on Solanacae Crops Zhu Yujing, Xiao Rongfeng, Wang Qiuhong, Chen Lu, Liu Bo 2008, 24 (8):  392-395.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 532176KB )   ( 934 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Fatty-acid identification technology was used to identify the Ralstonia solanacearum on solanacae crops, in order to supply a technology for prevention and control of bacterial wilt disease.【METHOD】The pathogenies of bacterial wilt disease on eggplant, tomato and pepper plants were isolated and purified by using selective culture technology, and then identified by fatty-acid identification technology.【RESULTS】Among the 36 isolated pathogenies of bacterial wilt diseases of solanacae crops, 33 strains were identified as typical strains of R. solanacearum (91.67%). The ratios of the pathogenies identified as R. solanacearum were 100.0%, 90.0% and 89.5% on eggplant, tomato and pepper, respectively.【CONCLUSION】The fatty-acid identified technology was rapid and accurate, and the classification could be datalization and automatization. It might have a broad application on the detection of solanacae crop bacterial wilt.

  Screen Test for Resources with Resistant to Rice Bacterial Blight and Blast Disease Shi Yumin, Xie Liping, Wei Shanfu, Wang Weihao, Zhou Hang, Song Zhiping, Mao Changxiang, Li Zhaoan 2008, 24 (8):  396-398.  Abstract + ( 1371 )   PDF ( 407775KB )   ( 878 ) Sixty rice varieties and germplasm resources introduced from IRRI and fifty from China were researched and evaluated to rice bacterial blight, blast disease and main agronomic traits in 2006~2007 in Guangxi. The result showed that there were twenty-three varieties with high to moderately resistant to bacterial than the others. Accounting for 20.91% of the total evaluated varieties; and eighteen varieties with resistant to blast, accounting for 16.36% of the total evaluated varieties. At the last, seven varieties were selected with resistant to bacterial blight and blast disease, and their main agronomic traits had a great discrepant. It was indicated that there were diversified hereditary for these resources. So, it is very high value in using them to breeding new varieties (combinations) with high yield and disease resistant.

  Studies on the Occurrence Rule of Bean Sclerotinia Rot in Greenhouse Liu Chunyan, Hao Yongjuan, Wang Yong, Wang Wanli 2008, 24 (8):  399-401.  Abstract + ( 1283 )   PDF ( 409120KB )   ( 765 ) The aim of this study is to explicit the occurrence regularity of bean sclerotinia rot in greenhouse in order to provide the basis for scientific prevention and treatment. The bean sclerotinia rot and the correlation with meteorological factors was studied in different seasons through the field investigation and experiment analysis with correlation analysis; The Results showed that flowers with a higher carrier rate in autumn than in spring.The Incidence is higher of been stem and pod in autumn than in spring. The peak age incidence was October. There was a positive correlation between rainy days with the incidence. The equation may be written such that Y＝-7.5425+1.7153X，the correlation coefficient is 0.8516;The Sclerotioum sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary.can safe pass winter under soil; Low temperature and rainness in autumn was beneficial to the occurrence and epidemic dynamics of bean sclerotinia rot,There was a positive correlation between rainy days with the incidence.

  The Application of Biological Pesticides and Industrial Development Measures Xu Yuzhu 2008, 24 (8):  402-404.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 451112KB )   ( 1153 ) Biological pesticide is the necessary option for human beings to reduce the contamination and come back to the nature. Compared with chemical pesticide, biological pesticide has the unique superiority .In the aspect of preventing the blight and offloading the weed, the prospects of the application of biological pesticide is good. The development of biological pesticides is the need of agriculture sustainable development and environmental protection, the concept and scope of pesticide、the emergence of bio-pesticide and application status is summarized in this text , the biological pesticide industry development advantages and the problems is discussed in this paper, and this text proposed biological pesticides development

  生态农业科学

  Review and Prospect of Chinese Efficient Eco-agriculture Liu Yuxiao, Liang Fenglian 2008, 24 (8):  405-408.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 483866KB )   ( 900 ) With the deepening of rural reformatory and fast development of socialist market economy in China, agriculture is seriously conditioned by resource, environment, market and so on. To develop the rural economy faces the new task. The emergence and development of Chinese efficient eco-agriculture not only scientifically treated the relationship among human, agriculture, environment and resource, but also realized the synchronized and sustainable development of rural economy, ecology and society. The emergence and development of Chinese efficient eco-agriculture were reviewed, and the successful model and existed problems in the development of efficient eco-agriculture were expatiated. At last, the development direction of Chinese efficient eco-agriculture was prospected.

  Impact of Climate Change upon Winter Wheat Sowing and Countermeasures Zhang Cuiying, Wang Chuanxi , Zhang Ting, Hou Yanli 2008, 24 (8):  409-412.  Abstract + ( 1810 )   PDF ( 465313KB )   ( 746 ) In this paper, the author analyzes the impaction of climate change to the wheat yield in Heze district using the data information collected from 1970 to 2006. Using Correlation analysis and synthesis analysis, the author find out that climate change has great impact on winter wheat growth before winter, and it greatly reduced the wheat yield the next year. It is very important to enhance wheat yield by doing research on the correlation between winter wheat yield and the average temperature during sowing- seedlings emergence time, and find the appropriate winter wheat sowing time in local area.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Evaluation of Wetlands Ecosystem Services Value of the Yangtse River Region in Anhui Province Cao Zhihong, Xu Xinwang,, , Wang Yanlin 2008, 24 (8):  413-419.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   PDF ( 878201KB )   ( 806 ) The wetlands of the Yangtze Region in Anhui Province are very important marshes,which located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This Area is also a distribution of concentrated water network with lots of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. 【OBJECTIVE】Through estimating wetlands ecosystem services value of this region,expect to provide scientific reference for the relevant sector regional planning and rational using of wetland resource;【METHOD】Based on the investigation and data collection, reference 17 items of valuating parameters and methods proposed by Costanza and others (1997), evaluated 9 items of ecosystem services value of the wetlands of the Yangtze Region in Anhui using the market value approach, assets value method, shadow project method and travel cost method and so on. 【RESULTS】The results show that the annual value of the wetlands ecosystem service is about 106.12 billion Yuan RMB, which the carbon storage value is the highest with 43.42 billion RMB; secondly is the hydrological conditioning value, material production value and cleaning up the environment value, respectively reached 22.08 billion RMB, 16.35 billon RMB and 10.81 billon RMB; and thirdly is the release oxygen value, water supply value and leisure tourism value; the last is cultural value and habitat value; the wetland direct value is about 21.48 billon RMB and indirect value is about 84.64 billon RMB, which indirect value is far more than direct value. 【CONCLUSION】At the last present that wetland carbon sequestration has great effect to the global climate warming, human should develop rationally and protect wetland resource.

  The Application Actuality and Methods of Meliorated Soil with Crop Stalks Jiang Jie, Chen Hong, , Zhao Xiulan, 2008, 24 (8):  420-423.  Abstract + ( 1898 )   PDF ( 505829KB )   ( 1401 ) Crop stalks is rich in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon etc, it also contains a lot of organic matter such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and protein, crop stalk is a kind of solid waste that can be utilized as resource. Straw residue returned can improve soil, it`s concrete features are that: important source of soil nitrogen; enhance soil retention and buffer capacity; mend physical property of soil; improve the ploughed quality of soil; eliminate pesticide residue and heavy metal pollutions. Further more, the returning can also improve crop quality, protect rural ecological environment, promote the development of ecological agriculture.

  Land Use and Environmental Change Research in Taipei Water Source Domain Yang Jian, Chen Meixin, Zhao Zhongming, Liu Zhiheng 2008, 24 (8):  424-431.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 1198232KB )   ( 756 ) Taipei Water Source Domain is the first specific district of water quality and quantity protection area designated by urban planning, which is the main water source of Taipei . To Prevent water quality and quantity from being polluted, the land resource management are very important. Using of SPOT5 satellite images and Aerial images, we have analyzed the land use changing and environment changing of the source domain by Gaussian Maximum Likelihood Classifier and category changing detection, and accomplished the data of Vegetation, terrain, topography, land use and environment changing in the source domain successfully. The project result shows that the overall classification accuracy is up to 95.60 percentage and the change detection result indicates the two regions which have gone through the largest change.

  Stadies on the Resources of Medicinal Plants Ban Fenghe Zhang Ying, Yun Zhe, Niu Bei, Lin Qisheng, Wang Ying 2008, 24 (8):  432-434.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   Medicinal plants Ban Fenghe includes more than six plants with the same morphological characters and clinical effect. The roots, stems, branches, leaves, bast and nectar of medicinal plants Ban Fenghe have the special affection of dehumidification, invigorating blood circulation and detumescence. It has become one of the new medical resouces. In this paper, botanical characters, geographical distribution, economic value, research advance and protection of medicinal plants Ban Fenghe are reported. Furthermore some protective measures are introduced.

  The Characteristic of Planting Drought Disaster and Assessment of Risk in Tangshan Area Gong Yu, , Hua Jiajia, Chen Yu, Wang Pu 2008, 24 (8):  435-438.  Abstract + ( 1514 )   PDF ( 496014KB )   ( 674 ) Using data of planting drought disaster in 11 district of Tangshan from 1991 to 2005, the index of crop drought disaster was statistically analyzed. Adopting fuzzy math method based on information diffusion theory, the case of planting drought disaster at different county was studied. The risk level and change characteristic of planting drought disaster are quantitative and timely gained in Tangshan region.

  热带农业科学

  Study on Establishment of DUS Testing Guidelines for Hevea Brasilensis Gao Xinsheng, Li Weiguo, Huang Huasun, Chen Yanli 2008, 24 (8):  439-442.  Abstract + ( 1596 )   PDF ( 563325KB )   ( 890 ) DUS testing guidelines of Hevea Brasilensis were established which based on basic requirements of International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and biological characters for enhancing the protection of new variety. The formulation process, testing particularities , rules of character selection and the development direction of DUS testing were introduced in this paper. It was suggested that the criterions of DUS testing should not be so high, and the testing characters should demonstrate Chinese breeding level and direction by following the UPOV principles. It was believed that techniques combined molecular markers and morphology testing will become the primary means of DUS testing on rubber.

  A Survey on Status and Countermeasures of Banana Industry in China Li Yuping, Fang Jia 2008, 24 (8):  443-447.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   PDF ( 817147KB )   ( 1889 ) China is the third biggest banana producers in the world. Banana industry plays more and more important role in tropical economy and rural development. This article summarizes the achievements, opportunities and advantages of Chinese banana industry. It points out the problems and disadvantages in the development of banana industry, such as unreasonable planting structures, unorganized and uncoordinated production, weaker natural disaster resistant ability of banana plantation, deficient science and technology support, weaker banana products processing capacity and lower degrees of quality standards construction. This article puts forward the countermeasures such as continuing to implement banana industry upgrading plans of the Agricultural Ministry, creating famous brands, implementing industrialization management, implementing banana deep processing and comprehensive development strategy, improving scientific and technological innovation and extension system and strengthening quality safety management.

  农业信息科学

  N Status Diagnosis of Winter Wheat by Using Digital Image Analysis Technology Xiao Yanbo, , Jia Liangliang, , Chen Xinping, Zhang Fusuo 2008, 24 (8):  448-453.  Abstract + ( 1498 )   PDF ( 704232KB )   ( 613 ) Traditional plant N status diagnosis methods such as plant total N content, biomass and stem sap nitrate concentration test, which need destructive plant sampling and laboratory analysis, can not be used in regional scale due to its too time cost and labor cost. In this research, field experiment with digital image analysis method had been used in wheat N status diagnosis at shooting stage. The results showed the normalized redness of R/(R+G+B) well correlated with wheat N status parameters of SPAD chlorophyll meter readings, stem sap nitrate concentration, shoot total N content and upland biomass, and the correlation coefficients (r) with those parameters were 0-809-0.946. The normalized redness R/(R+G+B) is a good indicator of wheat N status by using digital image analysis method.

  Study and Development of the Decision Support System of Precise N Application in Rice at County Scale Based on PDA Gao Hui, Zhong Xiaochun, Wang Yun, Zhang Hongcheng, Dai Qigen 2008, 24 (8):  458-461.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 601216KB )   ( 692 ) Aiming at the questions such as excess N application, low N utilization rate at the season in the process of rice production, Decision Support System of precise N application in rice in Jiangyan city based on PDA was developed primarily. To meet with Precise N application in soil and PDA characteristics and according to exploiting PDA memory ability, the system was a suit of agricultural application software of PDA production（V1.0）, which was based on Windows Mobile, Embedded Visual Basic 3.0, ArcGIS 9.2 and integrated GPS module. The system integrated many functions such as real-time location, attribute data query based on the thematic map, precise N application decision-making according to the soil, study and tutor and so on, the users were very satisfied with it in practice.

  Display the Function of the Second Classroom to Train the Students’ Innovation Quality and Creative Ability Zheng Xuegang 2008, 24 (8):  462-464.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 429410KB )   ( 1010 ) This article simply elaborate the second classroom’s kernel and essential through summarizing and analyzing each kind of research viewpoint of the innovation ability and the creative quality. By analyzing undergraduates’ innovation ability and creative quality as well as their creative practice actuality, we proposed measures which can effectually promote the second classroom’s capability for cultivating undergraduates’ innovation ability and creative quality.

  Analysis on the Construction of Agricultural Information Evaluation Index System in Tianjin Xin Liyuan, Song Zhiwen, Jia Baohong, Lv Xiongjie, Zhan Jiafang 2008, 24 (8):  465-468.  Abstract + ( 1412 )   PDF ( 551623KB )   ( 727 ) Development of information level is one of the important signs to evaluate competitiveness of countries and regions. The author analyzes the meaning of agriculture information in Tianjin, and puts forwards the principles of the construction of agriculture information evaluation index system on the foundation of analyses of the status of agriculture information in Tianjin. There are 25 indexes remained in the final evaluation index system, among of them 5 first grade indexes and 20 second grade indexes.

  农村能源科学

  Research Review on the Technology of Biogas Production in Winter Zhang Chang’ai, Liu Ying, Wang Yanqin, Yuan Changbo, Yao Li 2008, 24 (8):  469-472.  Abstract + ( 1437 )   Research review on the technology of biogas production in winter were discussed including heat preservation measures, heating methods, fermentation process and bacterium cluster optimizing. It can offer help for the improvement of biogas production in the winter.

  三农问题研究

  From “Mutual Complementarity of Resources” to “High-end integration” Lin Yi, Lin Qing, Lin Ruixiang 2008, 24 (8):  473-479.  Abstract + ( 1218 )   PDF ( 951120KB )   ( 608 ) Over 27 years, the agricultural cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan has been fruitful by making better use of the resources of both sides. Meanwhile it is also facing strategic transformation under new circumstances. This article, adopting the approach of combining theoretical analysis and positive research, points out that modern high-tech agriculture has become the common goal of agricultural development of Fujian and Taiwan. In order to adapt to the requirements of promoting agricultural development of Fujian and Taiwan in modern times, the adjustment of common cooperation strategy is required so as to optimize resources and in the long run fulfill the win-win goal in a higher level.

  Analysis on Present Situation and Characteristic of Agricultural Industrialization in Beijing Shi Yajun, Huang Yinghui, Tang Heng, Li Liwei 2008, 24 (8):  480-484.  Abstract + ( 1289 )   PDF ( 565389KB )   ( 1002 ) Agricultural industrialization is basic orientation of agriculture development and basic management way of market agriculture in China. Agriculture development in Beijing sets an example to all over the country, and the study on present situation and characteristic of agricultural industrialization in Beijing is very meaningful. Agricultural industrialization in Beijing has gained great results at present. Different forms of agricultural industrialization are springing up vigorously. The benefit of agricultural industrialization has greatly improved. The strength of leading enterprises has sustained enhanced. The range of coverage of peasant cooperation organization has been extended. In the future, in order to settle Industrial basic for development of urban agriculture and construction of new country, the level of agricultural industrialization in Beijing should be further improved.

  Feature and model research on compensation with development right return for land lost peasants Jin Xiaobin, Wei Xiyun, LI Xuerui 2008, 24 (8):  485-489.  Abstract + ( 1182 )   PDF ( 659756KB )   ( 798 ) Since the exploratory practice started in 1980’s, compensation with development right return for land lost peasants have been implemented in eastern and central China, especially in the city with character of rapid economic development and sharp contradictions between demand and supply in construction land. In the process of practice, certain achievements are made, but some tremendous controversy is produced as well, such as the limitations of applicability scope, difficulties of plans’ coordination, complexity of land ownership, and hardness of management. Based on the feature extraction by case study, typical models for compensation with development right return for land lost peasants are summarized. Finally, several policy recommendations are proposed for its further development.

  Analysis on Characteristic, Problem and Measure of ’One village, One production’ in Beijing Huang Yinghui, Shi Yajun, Li Liwei, Tang Heng 2008, 24 (8):  490-494.  Abstract + ( 1683 )   PDF ( 733288KB )   ( 815 ) The development of ’One village, One production’ is basic project of developing urban agriculture and building new countryside in Beijing. The project has greatly improved at present. More and more specialized villages of different types have appeared, those villages have considerably scope, specialized production, and distinct characteristic. New structure of urban agriculture has formed. But economic strength of specialized villages of agricultural products is weaker comparatively. And market system need be improved. So effective measure should be implemented.

  Research on the Cost Variances of Different Land Requisition Resettlements Chen Dali, Jin Xiaobin, Wei Xiyun, Li Xuerui, Huang Yayun 2008, 24 (8):  495-499.  Abstract + ( 1156 )   PDF ( 594627KB )   ( 752 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 The purpose of this study is to do some research on the cost variances of different land requisition resettlements, based on comparing the cost of them through a case study xialongwei Villiage, City of Hangzhou; 【METHOD】 To calculate the cost of monetary resettlement through the approach of Integrated land section price, to calculate the cost of social security resettlement through the approach of Social Security and to calculate the cost of reserved land resettlement through the approach of Benchmark Land-price; 【RESULT】 The expected income from land and its increment is not taken into consideration in the monetary resettlement whose cost is the lowest of the three, while the cost of the social security resettlement is a little higher than that of the monetary resettlement, which is easily influenced by the area of requisitioned farm land and the proportion of labor force. The site of land, the situation of regional economy and other factors that influence the price of land are considered in reserved land resettlement whose cost is the highest; 【CONCLUSION】 The different purposes and measures of compensation and ways of cost calculation of various kinds of resettlement methods lead to the different current and future expenditure cost from government.

  Study on Agricultural Extension Means Based on Factor Analysis Yang Zhiping, Chen Yong, Sun Fengqing, Chen Zhiyong, Lei Shimei 2008, 24 (8):  500-503.  Abstract + ( 1209 )   PDF ( 435273KB )   ( 861 ) In 6 counties, 12 towns and 480 households, 10 kinds of different agricultural extension modes were surveyed, and the factor analysis about the surveyed results was carried out to inquire into the ways that science and technology extends to villages and households by utilizing DPS, and then integrated with the objective reality, a new agricultural extension means with directive function to the practice was summarized.

  Analysis of the Track and Variation of Wheat Production Gravity Centre of China from 1949 to 2005 Yang Jiancang, Lei Shuiling, Wang Ge 2008, 24 (8):  504-509.  Abstract + ( 1163 )   PDF ( 598247KB )   ( 735 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 The objective is to support a reference to realize the variation trend and optimize and adjust industry structure. 【METHOD】The gravity centre coordinate of wheat plant area and yield every year were calculated by 28 provinces in China. The track and variation distances of wheat production gravity centre were analyzed and contrasted. 【RESULTS】The results displayed that the wheat production gravity centre moved to north and east before 1970’s and moved back after that in general. It indicated that the difference between the northern and southern, eastern and western increased firstly and decreased later. The variation of wheat yield per unit gravity centre was very acute, and its excursion distance was the most, while the excursion distance of wheat plant area was the least. 【CONCLUSION】The excursion distance of wheat production gravity centre of China became little and little, it indicated that the expending speed of wheat plant area in south and north was in balance, but it was quicker in west than in the east.

  Analysis of Economic Structure Features and Policy Advice of “Industry Subsidizing Agriculture” in all areas of China Wang Fang 2008, 24 (8):  510-515.  Abstract + ( 1192 )   PDF ( 694277KB )   ( 750 ) China has entered the mid-term stage of industrialization as a whole, but it is impossible that all regions in China enter the mid-term stage of industrialization, the unified policy mode of “Industry Subsidizing Agriculture” and method are not applied to each region because of the unbalanced development among regions. With the standard mode designed by Hollis Chenery and Moises Syrquin, all regions in China are divided into three types: not entering the mid-term stage of industrialization, entering the turning term of policy “Industry Subsidizing Agriculture” and entering the large-scale re-feeding term.

  Increasing Wealth Study of the Peasant on the Rural Labour Force’s Transference Shi Yongming, Qiu Daochi, Tian Yongzhong, Zhao Yaping, Feng Lingling 2008, 24 (8):  516-520.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 614929KB )   ( 638 ) Increasing wealth between migrant workers and farmers at home is an extremely important one of the factors impacting the rural labour force’s transference. This article takes the Bishan Country of Chongqing Mucinipality as an example and contracts the economical increasing wealth model between migrant workers and farmers at home on the basis of the actual investigation and the mechanical application of knowledge.It successively analyzes net income of the migrant works,net income of farmers at home,comparative analysis between them and the fuction of the rural labour force’s transference,proposes that the government should adjust reasonably the ratio of the price between migrant workers and farmers at home.

  A Literature Review of Disputes and Issues in the Research on Chinese Urban Agriculture Theories Fang Zhiquan, Wu Fangwei, Wang Wei 2008, 24 (8):  521-525.  Abstract + ( 1720 )   PDF ( 714163KB )   ( 1148 ) Through the review of domestic literature on urban agriculture in recent years, the thesis studies the differences and relations between urban agriculture and suburban agriculture, the research field of urban agriculture, the relations between urban agriculture and other related new styles of agriculture, the origin of urban agriculture, the features of urban agriculture and the estimating system of urban agriculture. On the basis of clarifying the above basic issues, the thesis put forwards that the conception and meaning of agriculture should be recognized, urban agriculture is a weaker industry that should be protected, urban agriculture has the feature of public goods, in the process of urban agriculture’s development, government should strengthen the legislation of urban agriculture, protect the land use for urban agriculture, increase the expenditure on the infrastructure of urban agriculture, set up the financial mechanism of urban agriculture and foster the talents majored in agricultural fields.

  The first step developing status studies Shanxi potato estate Jin hongmei, Zong yingsheng 2008, 24 (8):  526-528.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 341760KB )   ( 792 ) Because Shanxi potato is in the low level throwing into and rough produce state, so Shanxi potato produces decrease as a whole during the past 2001. Therefore, Shanxi needs aspect such as layout and agricultural industrialization to boost Shanxi potato estate developing to high-effect from fund allowance.