Abstract: With the contaminated copper increasing in the soils, copper has an impact on the ecosystem and transferred in the food chain. The earthworms were breed in artificial soil with copper, in order to measure the acute toxicity of copper to earthworms and the bioconcentration in earthworms. The contents of copper were measured with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The ecotoxicity of soil was based on the method of international standardization of organization (ISO) and OECD guideline with some modification. With contents of copper in earthworm and artificial soils as endpoint of absorption test was conducted and the experimental period was 32d. The results show that the LC50 value was 116.91 mg Cu /kg dry soils in artificial soil test; earthworm's bioconcentration factor to copper was in 2.55-11.93. The linear regression of curve: y=-0.9870x+1.76，related coefficient: r2=0.9994. Experiments indicate that acute toxicity of copper is strong to earthworms. Earthworms have ability to concentrate copper, and the logarithmic ratios of bioconcentration fators and the copper contents in soils have obviously negative correlation.