Abstract: Huang-Huai-Hai region is an important agricultural production base. The region has advanced technology, high unit yield, well exporting basis, formed rudiment of processing industry in peanut production, and its’ planting scale and yields occupies a decisive position in China, furthermore, it is an important pillar for stabilizing vegetable oil market . Influence by conditions such as ecology and variety, peanut of the region has higher fat content, medium protein content and relatively low O/L. In spatial distribution, the trend of peanut protein content is “high east and low west” and “high south and low north” and “high in hill region and low in plain region”, fat content gradually decreases form north to south, O/L gradually increases form north to south. Over standard of aflatoxin, daminozide and heavy metal content is the main obstacle of peanut export in the region. Seven cardinal principles such as developing peanut industrial superiority fully, optimizing space layout, cultivating high-quality and special varieties, expanding advanced cultivation technology, enhancing construction of standard production base, extending industrial chain and improving deep processing level must be followed for realizing sustainable development of peanut industry and ensuring national oil safety.