Abstract: Rural youth’s survival conditions and their state of mind are closely related to the development of China's rural economy and the prospect and destiny of our entire nation. Only if we develop the rural economy well, build the homeland for the farmers well and help the farmers live in abundance, can we guarantee that all people share the fruits of economic and social development, expand the domestic demand and promote the sustainable development of national economy. With the help of questionnaires and on-the-spot investigation, this paper reflects currently the rural youth’s survival conditions and their state of mind all around and put forward thoughts and solutions.