Abstract: 【objective】In order to reveal the genetic variations and relationship of 21 Chinese cymbidium cultivars.【Method】21 cultivars from 7 cymbidium species were analyzed by ERAPD, cpDNA and mtDNA PCR-RFLP markers.【Result】Eighty-eight polymorphic bands are observed in 8 out of 80 random primers (10%) in RAPD analyses, the 2.5-kb RAPD fragment are obtained in ERAPD analysis, Genetic difference are revealed in 4 primers （66.67%）and 12 primer-enzyme combinations(25%) by cpDNA PCR-RFLP analysis, 2 primers （33.33%）and 1 primer-enzyme combinations(4%) by mtDNA PCR-RFLP analysis.【conclusion】The results indicate that these molecular markers can detect the genetic difference in 21 Chinese cymbidium cultivars.