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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (17): 154-159.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-3318

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

凡纳滨对虾高位池反季节健康养殖技术的研究

黄永春 林祥日 蔡葆青 尤颖哲 郭灿   

  • 收稿日期:2011-11-09 修回日期:2011-11-20 出版日期:2012-06-15 发布日期:2012-06-15
  • 基金资助:

    福建省科技项目《凡纳滨对虾产业化健康养殖、加工出口关键技术研究及示范推广》

Study on the Technology of Off-season Healthy Aquaculture in Higher-altitude

  • Received:2011-11-09 Revised:2011-11-20 Online:2012-06-15 Published:2012-06-15

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摘要：

为探讨凡纳滨对虾反季节集约化健康养殖技术，本实验在合理投饵、科学管理的基础上投放健康优质虾苗、应用微生态制剂和微管充氧等措施，结合虾池水质理化因子(D.O、透明度、pH、盐度、NH4+-N)和病原生物(弧菌、WSSV、TSV)的实时监测，结果显示，养殖期间水温、透明度、pH、盐度、溶解氧分别保持在19.5~26.7℃，平均(22.94±0.63)℃；23.2~59.1 cm，平均(37.8±12.0)cm；7.7~8.5，平均(8.1±0.0.2) pH酸碱度？、30.0‰~33.5‰，平均(31.72±0.84)‰，4.0~6.0 mg/L，平均(5.13±0.38)mg/L，虾池氨氮控制在0.05~1.30 mg/L，平均(0.59±0.09)mg/L，池水中异养细菌和弧菌分别控制在(5.05~19.23×104) cfu/mL，平均(10.92±3.45×104) cfu/mL，(0.45~3.71×104) cfu/mL，平均(1.14±0.73×104) cfu/mL。养殖期间对虾体长生长(L)与养殖天数(天)的回归方程：l=0.087d+0.1968(r=0.9843) ，体重生长(W)与养殖天数(天)的回归方程：W=0.0001d2.3847(r=0.9948)。28口实验虾池中只有5口的产量低于500 kg/666.67m2，占17.86%，其余虾池对虾产量均达到500 kg/666.67m2以上，其中有39.29%的虾池产量达到500~1000 kg/666.67m2；28.57%的虾池产量1000~1250 kg/666.67m2；10.71%的虾池产量1250~1500 kg/666.67m2；3.57%的虾池产量1500 kg/666.67m2以上，平均产量(769.08±440.22)kg/666.67m2，对虾平均成活率为(67.84±15.23)%，饵料系数(1.27±0.83)。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, 等离子体, 抗旱性, 干旱胁迫

Abstract:

The technology of Litopenaeus vannamei in higher-altitude culture ponds by off-season healthy aquaculture was studied. In this experiment, the health quality shrimp larvae, microecology preparation and microtubule oxygenation were utilized by the scientific plan and execution of programs which the pathogens and the environment-related factors were monitored by real-time. The results showed that the water temperature, transparency, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen were kept in 19.5-26.7℃(mean 22.94±0.63℃), 23.2-59.1 cm(mean 37.8±12.0cm), 7.7-8.5(mean 8.1±0.0.2), (30.0-33.5)‰(mean 31.72‰±0.84‰), 4.0-6.0 mg/L(mean 5.13±0.38) mg/L, respectively. The ammoniacal nitrogen, the total number of bacteria and vibrio were controlled within the range of 0.05 to 30 mg/L(mean 0.59±0.09)mg/L, (5.05×104 to 19.23×104) cfu/mL, (mean 10.92±3.45×104) cfu/mL, (0.45×104 to 3.71×104) cfu/mL, (mean 1.14±0.73×104) cfu/mL. The regress equations of the body length and culture days was 0.087d+0.1968(r=0.9843), and the regress equations of the body weight and culture days was W=0.0001d2.3847(r=0.9948). There were only 17.86% of culture ponds (5:28) whose average yield were less than 500 kg/666.67m2.There were 39.29%, 28.75%, 10.71% and 3.57% of the culture ponds whose average yield were in the range of 500-1000 kg/666.67 m2，500 -1000 kg/666.67 m2,1000-1250 kg/666.67 m2, 1250-150kg/666.67 m2 and more than 1500 kg/666.67 m2, respectively. The mean yield, survival rate and feed conversion ratio of the 28 ponds were (769.08±440.22) kg/666.67 m2, (67.84±15.23)% and (1.27±0.83) respectively.