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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (36): 268-272.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0623

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同灌溉施肥方式对马铃薯产量和养分吸收的影响

张志伟 梁斌 李俊良 何华 金圣爱   

  • 收稿日期:2013-03-07 修回日期:2013-04-16 出版日期:2013-12-25 发布日期:2013-12-25

Effects of Different Fertigation Methods on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Potato

  • Received:2013-03-07 Revised:2013-04-16 Online:2013-12-25 Published:2013-12-25

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摘要： 作为世界第四大粮食作物，提高马铃薯产量和水肥资源的利用率，对于满足人们粮食需求和生态环境可持续发展意义重大。为了探索一种高效的马铃薯灌溉施肥的方法，通过田间试验，研究了不同灌溉方式（滴灌、微喷灌和大水漫灌）和施肥量(525、600、675、750 kg/hm2)对马铃薯产量和水肥资源利用的影响。结果表明，与传统处理相比，滴灌处理使提高马铃薯出苗成活率显著提高10%；在相同施肥的情况下，滴灌处理提高马铃薯产量和偏生产力；在不影响产量的前提下，滴灌处理达到了节水37%，节肥55%的效果。综上可见滴灌对提高马铃薯产量和资源利用率都有积极意义。

关键词: 形态学, 形态学

Abstract: As the fourth grain crop, it is important to improve the yield of potato and water and fertilizers resource use efficiency for meeting food demand and environmental sustainability. For exploring a way of efficient fertigation on potato, field plot trials were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation methods (drip irrigation, micro-irrigation and traditional irrigation) and different fertilizer rates (525, 600, 675, 750 kg/hm2) on potato yield and water use efficiency. The results showed that, drip irrigation significantly increase the seedling rate of potato from 85% of traditional irrigation treatment to 95%. Under the same amount of the fertilizer, drip irrigation increased potato yield and partial factor productivity of applied fertilizer. Compared to the traditional irrigation, drip irrigation saved 37% water and 55% fertilizer with the same yield. In conclusion, the drip irrigation is appropriate for increasing potato yield and improving the water use efficiency.