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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 77-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1872

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同土壤肥力水平下钙对水稻专用肥增产效应的影响

孙义祥 袁嫚嫚 邬刚   

  • 收稿日期:2013-07-08 修回日期:2013-09-02 出版日期:2014-03-25 发布日期:2014-03-25
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业 （农业） 科研专项 “农作物最佳养分管理技术研究与应用” (201103003)；“水旱轮作最佳养分管理” 科技创新团队。

The Impact of Calcium on Yield Increase of Special Fertilizer on Rice Under Different Soil Fertility Levels

  • Received:2013-07-08 Revised:2013-09-02 Online:2014-03-25 Published:2014-03-25

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摘要： 为了探讨不同土壤肥力水平下钙对水稻专用肥增产效应的影响，通过大田小区试验的方法，研究了在施用高浓度复合肥的基础上增施钙肥对水稻生长发育、养分吸收和产量的影响。结果表明，在低肥力土壤上增加钙营养，有助于提高水稻茎蘖数，延长分蘖时间。高肥力土壤与低肥力土壤相比，水稻前期分蘖强，后期成穗数高，施用钙肥有助于单位面积有效穗的提高和千粒重的增加。低肥力土壤添加钙元素有助于水稻专用肥增产，增产幅度从6.4%到9.8%，而水稻专用肥添加钙元素在高肥力土壤上的增产幅度最高的只有2.7%。随着施钙量的增加，水稻对氮和钾的吸收量增加，施用13.5 kg/hm2钙肥能提高水稻钾素吸收量16.3%，提高水稻氮素吸收量5.8%，不同施钙处理对磷素吸收的影响较小。

关键词: 胁迫, 胁迫, DNA甲基化, 抗旱性, 育种

Abstract: Field experiments under different fertility levels were carried out to reveal the effect of calcium on yield increase of special fertilizer on rice in Mingguang County. The results showed that, the tiller numbers was not enough when the basal nitrogen fertilization insufficient and could be improved by the measure of increase calcium nutrition under low soil fertility soil. The effect of calcium fertilizers on rice tillering at early stage and total spike at maturity was more effective on low fertility soil than that on high fertility soil. Number of valid panicles per unit area and 1000-grain weight could be significantly increased because of calcium fertilizer application. Calcium was help to yield increase of special fertilizer on rice grain yield on low fertile soil, yield increased rate from 6.4% to 9.8%, while the highest rate was only 2.7% on high fertile soil. With the increase of applied calcium, nitrogen and potassium uptake increased, while the phosphorus uptake was less affected. The potassium uptake of rice could improve by 16.3% and nitrogen uptake increase by 5.8% when 13.5 kg/hm2 calcium was applied.