果园绿肥腐解及养分释放动态研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0342

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以目前果园常用的4种绿肥作物（多年生黑麦草、紫花苜蓿、高羊茅、菊苣）为材料，分别在冬、夏2季采用袋埋法，研究绿肥在果园土壤中的腐解及养分释放规律特征，为果园生草、培肥土壤及合理施肥提供基本资料。结果表明，随翻压时间的延长，4种绿肥腐解释放规律一致：夏季翻压时，呈先快后慢的特点，冬季翻压则是“慢—快—慢”的“S”形。氮、磷、钾养分的释放过程显著不同，钾的释放早且快速，氮磷的释放相对较慢。土壤温度对绿肥腐解有显著的影响，夏季翻压45天后，4种绿肥均有70%左右的已腐解释放，而冬季翻压则需180天才能达到同样的腐解量。

关键词: 分析, 分析

Abstract: Lolium perenne L., Medicago sativa L., Festuca elata Keng ex E. Alexeev, Cichorium intybus L. are 4 of the main green manures in orchards. Decomposing and nutrients releasing characteristics of these 4 green manures were investigated in this study by using the method of nylon net bag in winter and summer, for the purpose of providing theory basis for orchard grass cultivation, soil fertility improvement and rational fertilization. The results showed that there were no significant difference in decomposing and nutrients releasing characteristics among 4 green manure crops. When incubated in summer, all these green manures had an initial rapid decaying and then a slow decaying; when incubated in winter, they showed slow-rapidslow releasing trend. The releases of different nutrients in green manures were varied. Potassium was released rapidly and completely, and nitrogen and phosphorus were released relatively slowly. After 45 days incubation in summer, the decomposition rate of these 4 green manure crops were all about 70%, while in winter after as long as 180 days incubation, they could reach the same decomposition rate, which showed that soil temperature had significant effects on decomposing.

崔志强李宪利崔天舒. 果园绿肥腐解及养分释放动态研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(22): 121-127.

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