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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 70-74.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2595

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

浮床植物对养殖池塘水质的影响研究

钟全福   

  1. (福建省淡水水产研究所,福州 350002）
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-25 修回日期:2015-02-04 接受日期:2014-11-24 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 钟全福
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-49)。

Effect of Ecological Floating Rafts on Water Quality of Aquaculture Ponds

Zhong Quanfu   

  1. (Fujian Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Fuzhou 350002)
  • Received:2014-09-25 Revised:2015-02-04 Accepted:2014-11-24 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 为研究浮床植物对养殖的池塘净化作用，测定了NH4+-N、NO2--N、NO3--N、PO43--P、TN、TP、CODMn等主要水质指标。结果表明，在同样的试验条件下，池塘中各项水质指标按对照组、5%处理组、10%处理组、20%处理组的顺序逐渐降低；其中以20%处理组对NH4+-N、NO2--N、NO3--N、PO43--P、TN、TP、CODMn等主要水质指标去除率最大，分别为42.82%、39.47%、43.8%、64.1%、46.57%、58.75%、7.4%。通过6次空心菜的采收，空心菜的产量可达14.3~17.6 kg/m2；5%处理组、10%处理组、20%处理组通过采收空心菜直接从667 m2养殖池塘中移除TN分别为1643.5、2988.2、5341.3 g，移除TP分别为240.7、437.6、5341.3 g；同时处理组池塘罗非鱼的成活率明显高于对照组，由此可见，主养罗非鱼的养殖池塘中浮床栽培空心菜能够很好的净化水质，降低池塘富营养化。因此，建议20%的空心菜浮床覆盖率在罗非鱼养殖过程中具有一定的应用价值。

关键词: 尖尾芋(Alocasia cucullata), 尖尾芋(Alocasia cucullata), 组培苗, 温室, 营养液, 生长

Abstract: Effects of ecological floating rafts on water quality of intensive aquaculture ponds were studied using ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), orthophosphate phosphorus(PO43--P), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and CODMn as main water quality indexes, and its mechanism of purifying the water was explored in an experiment. The results showed that the four treatments followed a decreasing order of control group＞treatment 5%＞treatment 10%＞treatment 20% on the same conditional experiments. And the removal rate of in treatment 20% was higher than the other treatments, as follows 42.82%, 39.47%, 43.8%, 64.1%, 46.57%, 58.75%, 7.4%. The yield of Ipom oea aquatica, harvested six times, reached as high as 14.3-17.6kg/m2. In treatments 5%, 10% and 20% 1643.5, 988.2 and 5341.3 g/667 m2 of TN and 240.7 g, 437.6 g, 5341.3 g/667 m2 of TP were respectively, removed with the harvest of Ipom oea aquatic. The tilapia survival rates in the treatments improved significantly as is compared with that in the control group. So it was obvious that in ponds rearing of tilapias, cultivating Ipom oea aquatica on artificial floating rafts could purify of water quality reduce the pond eutrophication. So that treatment 20% has certain value of application in ponds rearing of tilapias.