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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (31): 85-89.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15020099

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

伊犁河谷引进苹果品种品质及营养成分分析

唐 金,卢磊,刘 君,陈淑英,丛桂芝   

  1. 伊犁州林业科学研究院,伊犁州林业科学研究院,伊犁州林业科学研究院,伊犁州林业科学研究院,伊犁州林业科学研究院
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-25 修回日期:2015-10-28 接受日期:2015-08-25 出版日期:2015-11-16 发布日期:2015-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 卢磊
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑计划项目“抗寒苹果矮化密植栽培技术研究应用”(201531126)；新疆维吾尔自治区国际合作项目“红盖露、蜜脆优良品种苹果引种试验研究”(20116015)。

Analysis of Fruit Quality and Nutrient Components of Apple Species Introduced in Yili River Valley

唐 金,卢磊,刘 君,陈淑英 and 丛桂芝   

  • Received:2015-02-25 Revised:2015-10-28 Accepted:2015-08-25 Online:2015-11-16 Published:2015-11-16

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摘要： 为了解‘蜜脆’、‘红盖露’、‘华硕’3 个苹果品种在伊犁河谷的果实表现特性，对其品质及营养成分进行测定和分析。结果表明：3 个苹果品种平均单果重介于190~280 g，为大果型，果形指数介于0.81~0.89，果形较端正；‘红盖露’的果实硬度高达11.7 kg/cm2，口感较硬，其次是‘华硕’(8.8 kg/cm2)，‘蜜脆’口感酥脆，硬度最低为8.1 kg/cm2；三者的可溶性固形物含量介于13.6%~16.4%，普遍高于‘红富士’和‘嘎啦’，固酸比高低依次为‘华硕’(6.07/1)、‘蜜脆’(4.08/1)、‘红盖露’(2.80/1)，华硕果实口味甜酸、蜜脆酸甜适口，而红盖露酸甜；果实水解后还原糖含量为10.8%~13.2%、还原糖含量为7.0%~8.4%、Vc含量为2.53~2.90 mg/100 g；3 个苹果品种矿物质营养元素含量大小分布趋势一致，矿物质元素含量大小排序为K＞P＞Mg＞Ca＞Na＞Cu＞Fe＞Zn；不同苹果品种矿物质含量差异显著，‘蜜脆’苹果中含量最高的是K、P，‘华硕’苹果中含量最高是Mg、Na和Cu，‘红盖露’苹果中含量最高的是Zn、Fe、Ca。3 个苹果品种品质及营养成分综合性状优良，适宜在伊犁河谷推广。

关键词: 山药, 山药, 离体再生, 微块茎, 组织培养

Abstract: In order to learn fruit characteristics of Malus domestica‘Honeycrisp’, Malus domestica‘Gale Gala’and Malus domestica‘Huashuo’in Yili River Valley, the fruit quality and nutrient components of the 3 apple species were determined and analyzed. The results showed that the average fruit mass was 190-280 g and fruit shape index was 0.81-0.89. The three species had fruit shape correctly and belonged to the big fruit apple species. The fruit firmness of Malus domestica‘Gale Gala’was as high as 11.7 kg/cm2, and the fruit had hard texture. The fruit firmness of Malus domestica‘Huashuo’was 8.8 kg/cm2. The fruit firmness of Malus domestica‘Honeycrisp’fruit firmness was 8.1 kg/cm2, and the fruit was tasted sour and crispy. The soluble solids content of the three species was 13.6%-16.4%, higher than that of the‘Fuji’and‘Gala’generally. Malus domestica‘Huashuo’had the highest ratio of soluble solids content to acid (6.07/1), the second was Malus domestica‘Honeycrisp’(4.08/1), and the lowest was Malus domestica‘Gale Gala’(2.80/1). Malus domestica‘Huashuo’tasted sweeter and Malus domestica‘Gale Gala’tasted sourer. Malus domestica ‘Honeycrisp’tasted sour, crispy and delicious by comparison. The hydrolysis of reducing sugar content was 10.8%-13.2%, reducing sugar content was 7.0%-8.4%. The content of Vc was 2.53-2.90 mg/100 g. The distribution trend for 8 mineral elements in three apple species was consistent. The order of mineral element

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