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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 64-72.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15100081

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

玛曲高寒草甸沙化研究进展──生物诱因、影响及治理

金红喜,韩生慧,何芳兰,李昌龙,徐先英,唐进年,康才周,宋德伟,杜娟   

  1. 甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室,甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2015-10-20 修回日期:2015-11-30 接受日期:2015-12-24 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 何芳兰
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“沙化对黄河首曲高寒草甸植物多样性与生态系统功能的影响”(31160111)，“石羊河下游衰败人工固沙林中红砂定居过程及其驱动机理研究”(31360203)；甘肃省自然科学研究基金计划项目“戈壁土壤沃岛植物群落内种间关系对植物共存的作用及影响机制”(1308RJZA267）；甘肃省青年自然科学基金项目“红砂在民勤绿洲边缘固定沙丘上定居过程研究”(1308RJYA081)。

Research Process of Alpine Grassland Desertification in Maqu:Research Process of Alpine Grassland Desertification in Maqu:

  • Received:2015-10-20 Revised:2015-11-30 Accepted:2015-12-24 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-04-20

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摘要： 地处青藏高原东南缘的黄河玛曲是黄河全境最主要的产流区、水源涵养区和水源补给区，也是世界重要的生物多样性保护热点地区之一，但自20 世纪60、70 年代以来，该区地表径流减少、地下水位下降、植被破坏、草场严重退化及水土流失等生态环境问题日趋严重，尤其是草地沙化问题已相当突出，引起了国内外的广泛关注。笔者通过搜集国内外文献，在总结分析的基础上，揭示了生物因素对玛曲高寒草甸沙化的影响，探讨了沙化带来的严重后果，提出了高寒草原沙化治理、持续利用和保护的有效途径和对策，以期为今后进一步展开深入研究以及有效治理该区高寒草甸沙化提供依据。

关键词: 张掖地区, 张掖地区, 土壤微量元素, 空间分布, 农产品质量, 影响

Abstract: Maqu County lies in the southeast of Tibet Plateau, which is one of the main runoff producing areas, water conservation areas and water recharge areas of the whole reaches of the Yellow River, and one of the most important biodiversity protection areas in the world. However, since the 60 s and 70 s of the 20 century, the ecological environment problems such as surface water decrease, groundwater level depression, vegetation deterioration and soil erosion, especially grassland desertification, have become more and more serious, which have drawn wide attention from worldwide. The authors collected literatures both at home and abroad, revealed the influence of biotic factors on the alpine grassland desertification in Maqu based on summary and analysis, discussed the serious consequences of esertification, and proposed efficient paths and countermeasures of governance, sustainable utilization and protection, which could provide reference for further study and effective governance of the alpine grassland desertification.

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