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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (21): 166-173.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15120073

所属专题： 玉米

• 工程 机械 水利 装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

西北旱区膜下滴灌下水氮管理及种植密度对制种玉米生长的影响

周奇,王凤新,赵妍,杨开静,张友良   

  1. 中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-12 修回日期:2016-01-22 接受日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-07-15 发布日期:2016-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 王凤新
  • 基金资助:
    农业部公益性行业科研项目“小麦、玉米滴灌条件下需水需肥规律及高产高效栽培技术研究与示范”(201203012-3)；农业部公益性行业科研项目“河西走廊玉米、小麦田间节水节肥节药综合技术方案”(201503125)。

Influence of water and nitrogen management and planting density on seed maize under drip irrigation with mulch in an arid region of Northwest China

  • Received:2015-12-12 Revised:2016-01-22 Accepted:2016-02-25 Online:2016-07-15 Published:2016-07-15

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摘要： 为了确定西北旱区膜下滴灌条件下灌水下限(W)、纯氮施用量(N)和种植密度(D)对制种玉米产量等指标的影响次序及各因素水平的最佳搭配,在甘肃省中国农业大学石羊河实验站设置了三因素三水平的大田正交试验(W：苗期和成熟期灌水下限为60%田持,其他生育期灌水下限W1为60%田持,W2为70%田持,W3为80%田持；N:整个生育期纯氮施用量,N1、N2和N3分别表示120、240和360 kg/hm2；D：种植密度,D1、D2和D3分别表示85500、100500和120000株/hm2)。结果表明：(1)灌水下限、纯氮施用量和种植密度对制种玉米的产量、穗粒数和千粒重的交互作用不明显；(2)在种植密度85500-12000株/hm2范围内,制种玉米产量和穗粒数影响因素次序均为W>D>N(主→次),千粒重影响因素次序D>N>W(主→次)；(3)宽行70cm,窄行40cm膜下滴灌种植制种玉米的方式下,玉米种植最佳的因素水平为W2N2D2,即灌水下限设为田持的70%(W2),纯氮施用量为240kg/hm2(N2),种植密度为100500株/hm2(D2)。

关键词: 玉米大斑病菌, 玉米大斑病菌, 洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌, 筛选, 鉴定, 拮抗

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lower irrigation limits (W), pure nitrogen application rates (N) and planting densities (D) on seed maize yield and the three factors optimum combination under mulch drip irrigation in Shiyanghe Experiment Station of China Agricultural University in Gansu Province which was located in an arid region of Northwest China. The field orthogonal experiment had three factors, each factor included three levels. Results showed that: (1) the interaction effects of the three factors on grain yield, grain number and 1000-grain weight were not obvious; (2) when the planting density was within 85500-120000 plants/hm2, the effect sequence of different factors on the yield and grain number of seed maize was: W＞D＞N (primary→secondary), and that on 1000- grain weight was D＞N＞W (primary→ secondary). The best combination was W2N2D2 for seed maize planting under drip irrigation with mulch when the wide row spacing was 70 cm and the narrow row spacing was 40 cm.