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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (24): 146-152.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16010049

所属专题: 烟草种植与生产

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物降解地膜对烟区土壤温湿度及烤烟产质量的影响

王锡春1,靳志丽1,周向平1,袁 芳1,朱林波1,雷敏娟2,张 芳1,王惠民3,刘文平4   

  1. (1湖南省烟草公司永州市公司,湖南永州 425000;2永州市农业科学研究所,湖南永州 425000;3常州百利基生物材料科技有限公司,江苏常州 213000;4中国科技大学公共事务学院,合肥 230000)
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-12 修回日期:2016-08-26 接受日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-08-29 发布日期:2016-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 王锡春
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目“适应烤烟规模化生产的轻简优质高效栽培技术研究与应用”(14-16ZDAa03)。

Effects of Biodegradable Mulch Film on Soil Temperature and Moisture andYield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Wang Xichun1, Jin Zhili1, Zhou Xiangping1, Yuan Fang1, Zhu Linbo1, Lei Minjuan2, Zhang Fang1, Wang Huimin3, Liu Wenping4   

  1. (1Yongzhou Branch of Hunan Tobacco Corporation, Yongzhou Hunan 425000;2Yongzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute, Yongzhou Hunan 425000;3Changzhou Biolegeen Biomaterials Technology Co., Ltd, Changzhou Jiangsu 213000;4The School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000)
  • Received:2016-01-12 Revised:2016-08-26 Accepted:2016-02-25 Online:2016-08-29 Published:2016-08-29

摘要: 为了减轻烤烟地膜覆盖造成的“白色污染”和揭膜用工问题,通过大田对比试验,进一步探索和验证生物降解地膜和PE地膜对植烟土壤温湿度及烤烟产质量的影响效果。结果表明:在烟田垄体保温、增温效果上,生物降解地膜覆盖具有PE地膜同等的作用效果,能有效促进烤烟生长和烟叶品质的改善,尤其是烤烟大田生长中后期,生物降解地膜能够起到保湿作用,有利于烤烟上部烟叶充分成熟,生物降解地膜覆盖的各处理烤后烟叶外观质量和经济性状均优于对照;生物降解地膜每公顷比对照节约用工60个,纯收入增加5732.25~7431.75元/hm2。综合3种生物降解地膜类型来看,T3(90天开始降解的生物降解地膜)处理在烤烟产量、产值、均价、纯收入等方面是最高的,且烤后烟叶外观质量优于对照,是适合永州烟区的生物降解地膜类型。

关键词: 六倍体小黑麦, 六倍体小黑麦, 农艺性状, 品质性状, 多样性

Abstract: To reduce the “white pollution” and the labor cost for removing membrane caused by plastic film mulching in tobacco fields, a field contrast experiment was conducted to study the effect of biodegradable mulch film and PE film on soil temperature and humidity and tobacco production and quality. The results showed that the biodegradable mulch film and PE film had the same effect on heat preservation and warming in tobacco ridge, which could improve flue-cured tobacco growth and quality of tobacco leaf, especially the biodegradable film could preserve humidity in the middle-later period of tobacco field growth, which was benefit to the full maturity of upper leaves. The appearance quality and economic characters of the baking tobacco under biodegradable film treatment were better than that of control. Compared with control, the biodegradable film treatment saved 60 labor/hm2, and the income increased by 5732.25-7431.75 yuan/hm2. Comprehensively considering the three types of biodegradable mulch films, the treatment of T3 (started to degradation after 90 d) had the best economic characters such as tobacco yield, production value, average price, net income, and the appearance quality was better than that of control. The biodegradable mulch film of T3 is suitable for Yongzhou tobacco growing areas.