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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (21): 147-152.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16010055

所属专题： 玉米； 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省富裕县移栽玉米气候增产潜力分析

张兴林,丛志宇,赵慧颖,赵春亮,张福超,申广立   

  1. 富裕县气象局,富裕县气象局,黑龙江省气象科学研究所,内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗气象局,五大连池市气象局,内蒙古通辽市气象局
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-12 修回日期:2016-06-30 接受日期:2016-06-14 出版日期:2016-07-15 发布日期:2016-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 赵慧颖
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（气象）研究专项“东北地区春玉米农业气象指标体系研究”(GYHY201206018)；黑龙江省气象局科研专项“提高黑龙江省玉米气候生产潜力方法的研究”(HQ2016023)。

Climate Productive Potential of Transplanting Maize in Fuyu of Heilongjiang

赵春亮,张福超 and 申广立   

  • Received:2016-01-12 Revised:2016-06-30 Accepted:2016-06-14 Online:2016-07-15 Published:2016-07-15

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摘要： 为充分发挥黑龙江省的气候资源优势，探求玉米种植新模式，采用黑龙江省富裕县2005—2014年6—9月气温、辐射、降水等逐日、逐小时数据及对应的玉米生育期和2014年玉米穴盘大苗移栽分期播种资料，分别分析了移栽和直播玉米的七叶—拔节、拔节—抽雄、抽雄—乳熟、乳熟—成熟各生育期内的气温、辐射、降水。结果表明：移栽玉米比直播玉米生育期总天数增加10天，各生育期平均提前10天，热量利用率、辐射利用率、降水利用率、光温气候生产潜力分别提高21%、23%、27%、47%。玉米穴盘大苗移栽，使玉米各生育期内的光、热、水资源得到重新配置，气候生产潜力得到大幅提高。

关键词: 强对流, 强对流, 冰雹, 大风

Abstract: The paper aims to seek new maize planting patterns to bring climatic resource into a full play in Heilongjiang. Based on meteorological data (e.g. the temperature, precipitation and t radiation data) from June to September during maize growing season and the data of corresponding maize growth periods from 2005 to 2014 in Fuyu, Heilongjiang, the temperature, radiation and precipitation data were analyzed from seven leaves stage to jointing stage, jointing stage to tasseling stage, tasseling stage to milky maturity stage and milky maturity stage to maturity stage. The results showed that: the growth period of transplanting maize was 10 days more than that of direct seeding; all growth periods of maize were 10 days ahead of schedule; the utilization rate of heat, radiation, and precipitation increased by 21%, 23%, 27%, respectively; the production potential of light-temperature increased by 47%. The transplanting maize by tray made the light, heat and water resources reconfigure in each growth period. The climate productive potential was greatly improved.