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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (36): 1-10.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16010095

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

钾对不同早稻品种产量及钾素吸收利用的影响

杨曾平1,2,聂 军1,2,廖育林1,2,谢 坚1,2,鲁艳红1,2,周 兴1,2,3,黄科延4   

  1. (1湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙 410125；2农业部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站,长沙 410125；3湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,长沙 410128；4长沙县大禾优质稻专业合作社,长沙 410132）
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-20 修回日期:2016-12-06 接受日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-12-26 发布日期:2016-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 聂 军
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（农业）科研专项“钾肥高效利用与替代技术研究”(201203013)；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“粮食丰产科技工程湖南专项第3期长江中游南部（湖南）水稻丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范”(2013BAD07B11)。

Effect of Potassium on Yield, K Uptake and Utilization of Different Early Rice Varieties

Yang Zengping1,2, Nie Jun1,2, Liao Yulin1,2, Xie Jian1,2, Lu Yanhong1,2, Zhou Xing1,2,3, Huang Keyan4   

  1. (1Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410125;2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Hunan), Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125; 3College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;4Dahe High Quality Rice Professional Cooperative of Changsha County, Changsha 410132)
  • Received:2016-01-20 Revised:2016-12-06 Accepted:2016-03-25 Online:2016-12-26 Published:2016-12-26

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摘要： 通过田间试验研究双季稻区不同早稻品种在钾胁迫和供钾充足条件下产量及对钾素的吸收利用，为双季稻区不同早稻品种合理施钾提供科学依据。以13个早稻品种为试验对象，测定不同生育期生物量、收获期稻谷和稻草产量以及钾含量，计算钾的吸收量。结果表明：13个早稻品种不施钾处理的产量变幅为5080.0~6653.3 kg/hm2，平均为6214.4 kg/hm2，变异系数为6.73%。施钾处理增产量变幅为-80~1646.66 kg/hm2，平均增产量为716.41 kg/hm2，变异系数为59.62%。不施钾处理的吸钾量为89.8~154.2 kg/hm2，平均为116.4 kg/hm2，变异系数为15.3%。施钾处理的吸钾量为124.1~193.1 kg/hm2，平均为157.0 kg/hm2，变异系数为12.6%。‘湘早籼32号’的增产率显著高于其他品种，钾肥贡献率达到24.44%，‘陵两优211’和‘中早39’的增产率显著低于其他品种，钾肥贡献率分别为1.47%和-1.23%。供试的13个品种早稻中，‘湘早籼32号’为钾素敏感型品种，施钾能使该品种早稻发挥更大的增产潜力；‘陵两优211’和‘中早39’为低钾耐受型品种，施钾对这2个品种早稻增产潜力不大，在种植期间可以减少钾肥的施用量。

关键词: 橡胶树, 橡胶树, 花药, 愈伤组织, 体胚发生, 植株再生

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the yield, K uptake and utilization of different early rice varieties under potassium deficiency stress and high K level in double-cropping paddy area, in order to provide a scientific basis for reasonable potassium application to different early rice varieties in double-cropping paddy area. Thirteen early rice varieties were used as test subjects. The biomasses of different growth stages, the yields of rice and straw in harvest time were determined. The potassium contents of rice and straw were measured and analyzed. The amounts of K-uptake of rice plant were calculated. The results showed that the grain yields of 13 rice varieties were 5080.0-6653.3 kg/hm2 with the coefficient of variation of 6.73 %, and the average was 6214.4 kg/hm2 for the non-applying K treatments. The increasing yields were -80-1646.66 kg/hm2 with the coefficient of variation of 59.62 %, and the average was 716.41 kg/hm2 for the applying K treatments. The amounts of K-uptake were 89.8-154.2 kg/hm2 with the coefficient of variation of 15.3%, and the average was 116.4 kg/hm2 for the non-applying K treatments. The amounts of K-uptake were 124.1-193.1 kg/hm2 with the coefficient of variation of 12.6%, and the average was 157.0 kg/hm2 for the applying K treatments. The increasing rate of ‘Xiangzaoxian 32’ was significantly higher than that of other varieties; the potassium contribution rate was 24.44 %. The increasing rates of ‘Lingliangyou 211’ and ‘Zhongzao 39’ were significantly lower than that of other varieties; the potassium contribution rate was 1.47% and -1.23%, respectively. Among the 13 early rice varieties for tested, ‘Xiangzhaoxian 32’ was a potassium-sensitive variety, the application of K fertilizer could make this variety get greater yield potential; ‘Lingliangyou 211’ and ‘Zhongzao 39’ were potassium deficiency resistant varieties, the application of K fertilizer could make little yield potential; potash fertilization should be reduced during rice planting.

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