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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16020085

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

播期和种植密度对冬小麦新品种‘衡6632’产量及其构成因素的影响

乔文臣1,赵明辉1,李会敏1,孙书娈1,孟祥海1,魏建伟1,李 丁1,李 强1,赵凤梧1,Pavol Hauptvogel2,Edita Gregova2,Daniela Benedikova2   

  1. (1河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所,河北省农作物抗旱研究重点实验室,河北衡水 053000；2斯洛伐克植物生产研究所,皮斯坦尼 92168,斯洛伐克）
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-25 修回日期:2016-12-27 接受日期:2016-08-25 出版日期:2017-02-09 发布日期:2017-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 赵凤梧
  • 基金资助:
    农业部国家小麦产业技术体系“衡水综合试验站”(CARS-3-2-3)；河北省现代农业产业技术体系“小麦种质资源创新团队”(2013-2017)；河北省农业科技成果转化“抗旱节水高产冬小麦新品种衡6632中试与示范”(14826329D)；河北省科技计划”冬小麦种质资源与育种技术创新”(16226320D)；科技部国际合作专项“欧洲小麦特异种质资源的引进、创新、应用及产业化”(2012DFG32030)。

Effects of Sowing Dates and Planting Densities on Yield and Yield Components of New Winter Wheat Cultivar ‘Heng6632’

Qiao Wenchen1, Zhao Minghui1, Li Huimin1, Sun Shuluan1, Meng Xianghai1, Wei Jianwei1, Li Ding1, Li Qiang1, Zhao Fengwu1, Pavol Hauptvogel2, Edita Gregova2, Daniela Benedikova2   

  1. (1Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Key Lab of Crop Drought Tolerance Research of Hebei Province, Hengshui Hebei 053000;2Plant Production Research Institute, Piestany, 92168, Slovakia)
  • Received:2016-02-25 Revised:2016-12-27 Accepted:2016-08-25 Online:2017-02-09 Published:2017-02-09

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摘要： 为了明确冬小麦新品种‘衡6632’的高产高效栽培技术措施，为该品种大面积应用提供理论依据，进行了不同播期和种植密度对该品种产量及其构成因素影响的研究。试验采用裂区设计，设5个播期和6个种植密度处理，于2014—2015年在河北省深州市护驾迟镇旱作节水试验站进行试验。结果表明：（1）播期对单位面积穗数、千粒重及产量有显著影响，但对穗粒数影响不显著；种植密度对产量及其构成因素均有显著影响。（2）产量随着播期的推迟和种植密度增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在一定范围内，‘衡6632’单位面积穗数随着播期的推迟而减少，随密度的增加而增加；穗粒数、千粒重随播期的推迟而增加。穗粒数在种植密度300万/hm2以上时随种植密度增加而减少。千粒重随种植密度的增加而降低。研究分析表明：‘衡6632’在春一水条件下，适宜播期为10月7—19日，最佳播期为10月10—15日，相应的种植密度为225万~300万/hm2。

关键词: 种植年限, 种植年限, 土壤结构, 土壤有机质, 土壤团聚体, 平均重量直径, 土壤破环率

Abstract: To clarify high yield and high efficiency cultivation measures of new winter wheat cultivar ‘Heng6632’, and provide a theoretical basis for large-scale application of the cultivar, the authors studied the effects of sowing dates and planting densities on yield and its components. The test was conducted with split-plot design, including 5 sowing dates and 6 planting densities, and was carried out in Dry-farming and Water-saving Experiment Station located at Hujiachi Town Shenzhou City of Hebei Province during 2014-2015. The results showed that: (1) the effect of sowing dates was significant on the number of spike per unit area, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield except kernels per spike, the effect of planting densities was significant on both grain yield and its components; (2) the yield first increased and then decreased with the delay of the sowing date and the increase of the planting density; the number of spike per unit area decreased with the delay of the sowing date and increased with the increase of planting density in a certain range; the kernels per spike and 1000-kernel weight increased with the delay of the sowing date; the kernels per spike decreased with the increase of planting density when the planting density was above 3000 thousands/hm2, the 1000-kernel weight decreased with the increase of planting density. Analysis showed that under 1 irrigation in spring, the suitable sowing date of ‘Heng6632’ was October 7th -19th, the best sowing date was October 10th-15th, and its suitable planting density was 2250 thousands-3000 thousands/hm2.

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