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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (34): 159-165.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080116

所属专题： 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

近35年柴达木盆地气温变化特征

沈 菊1,2,张彩岳1,刘金青2,3,马 艳4   

  1. (1青海乌兰县气象局,青海乌兰 817001；2青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,西宁 810001；3青海省达日县气象局,青海达日 814299；4青海省海西州气象局,青海海西 817000）
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-25 修回日期:2016-11-22 接受日期:2016-11-03 出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2016-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 沈菊
  • 基金资助:
    2015年青海省气象局面上项目“柴达木盆地藜麦种植的气候适应性分析及种植区划研究”。

Temperature Variation Characteristics in Qaidam Basin in Recent 35 Years

Shen Ju1,2, Zhang Caiyue1, Liu Jinqing2,3, Ma Yan4   

  1. (1The Meteorological Bureau of Wulan, Wulan Qinghai 817001; 2Qinghai Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Xining 810001; 3The Meteorological Bureau of Dari, Dari Qinghai 814299; 4The Meteorological Bureau of Haixi, Haixi Qinghai 817000)
  • Received:2016-08-25 Revised:2016-11-22 Accepted:2016-11-03 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2016-12-15

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摘要： 为了进一步研究分析柴达木盆地藜麦种植的气候适应性分析及气候区划，笔者利用1981—2015年盆地11个观测站逐月平均气温资料，采用气候统计诊断分析方法计算气温的年、季、月平均值以及气候倾向率，研究其相关系数、突变特点及变化周期。结果表明：近35年来盆地气温经历了2个时期，1981—1997年为相对偏冷期，1998—2015年是相对偏暖期；年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温增温趋势分别为0.50℃/10 a、0.49℃/10 a和0.62℃/10 a；春季最高气温增温显著，其他季节最低气温增温显著，四季平均气温增温显著；在逐月变化中12月、1月增温不显著；在空间分布上，天峻为气温的低值中心，格尔木和诺木洪为气温的高值中心，气温升幅分别以西部的冷湖和东部的都兰为低值中心，而中部偏高。通过累积距平以及Mann-Kendall进一步检验确定，平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的气候突变年份分别为1996年、1993年和1998年；用Morlet小波变换对盆地气温变化周期分析发现，平均气温与最高气温在不同时段的对应关系均较好。

关键词: 澳洲坚果, 澳洲坚果, 果皮覆盖, 类蛋白根, 磷利用率

Abstract: The paper aims to study the climate adaptability and climatic zoning of quinoa planting in Qaidam Basin. Using monthly average temperature data in 11 stations from 1981 to 2015, the authors calculated average value of year, season and month, and the climate tendency rate by adopting the climatic statistical diagnosis analysis method, and studied the correlation coefficient, mutation characteristics and change cycle. The results showed that over the past 35 years, air temperature in the basin had experienced 2 periods, a relatively cold period from 1981 to 1997, and a relatively warm period from 1998 to 2015; the warming trend of annual average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature was 0.50℃/10 a, 0.49℃/10 a and 0.62℃/10 a, respectively; the highest temperature in spring increased significantly, the lowest temperature in other seasons increased significantly, seasonal average temperature increased significantly; warming in December and January was not remarkable; from the spatial distribution, Tianjun was the center of low temperature, Nuomuhong and Golmud were the center of high temperature, the west of Lenghu and the east of Dulan were the low value center of temperature increase, while the middle was high value center. Through the cumulative anomaly and Mann-Kendall tests, the authors further determined that the climate change year of average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature was 1996, 1993 and 1998, respectively; Using the Morlet wavelet transform to analyze the temperature change cycle in the basin, the result showed that the average temperature and the highest temperature had a good corresponding relationship in different periods.