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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 134-139.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120075

所属专题： 玉米

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

朔州市玉米生长季土壤储水量动态研究

崔一杰,徐晋峰,李春华   

  1. 山西省朔州市朔城区气象局,山西省朔州市朔城区气象局,山西省忻州市气象局
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-15 修回日期:2018-01-09 接受日期:2017-03-14 出版日期:2018-02-01 发布日期:2018-02-01
  • 通讯作者: 崔一杰
  • 基金资助:
    山西省气象局科研项目“朔州市朔城区玉米生育期土壤水分动态及对玉米产量的影响研究”(SXKQNNY20173533)。

Dynamics of soil water storage in maize growing season in Shuozhou City

  • Received:2016-12-15 Revised:2018-01-09 Accepted:2017-03-14 Online:2018-02-01 Published:2018-02-01

摘要： 为了掌握朔州市玉米生长季土壤储水量变化规律，提高本地区农业种植土壤水分利用率。作者利用1995—2015年山西省朔州市玉米生长季土壤湿度及相关气象要素数据，在研究了土壤储水量与相关气象因子的相关性、土壤储水量旬变化、土壤储水量垂直变化后，分析了朔州市玉米生长季土壤储水量变化规律。结果显示：朔州市玉米生长季，降水量变异系数大于15%，降水量每增加1 mm，土壤储水量增加约0.2 mm。10、20 cm土壤层中，降水量、气温、相对湿度、蒸发等气象因子与土壤储水量的相关性达到60%以上，30 cm以上各层的复相关系数显著下降；0~50 cm土壤储水量旬变化曲线可分为，旱季土壤水分快速消耗期、雨季降水补充期、秋季土壤水分平稳期3个阶段；玉米生长季（5—9月）各月的土壤水分垂直规律相似，0~20 cm土壤储水量变异系数都在20%以上，气象因子对该层的影响较大，30~50 cm变异系数在20%以下，降水无法渗入土壤深层，其他气象要素对深层土壤的影响较小，导其土壤储水量变异系数较小。

关键词: 辽宁省, 辽宁省, 春玉米, 热量指数, 预测模型

Abstract: In order to grasp the variation of soil water storage in the maize growing season in Shuozhou City and improve the soil water use efficiency, the writer analyzed the variation of soil water storage in maize growth season. It is based on the decked change of soil water storage and related meteorological factors of soil water vertical changes in Shuozhou city growing season soil moisture by relating meteorological data from 1995 to 2015 in Shanxi city of Shuozhou province corn, correlation, soil water storage. The results showed that: the precipitation variation coefficient was more than 15% in the growing season of Maize in Shuozhou City. And the soil water storage increased by about 0.2mm with the precipitation increased by 1mm. The precipitation, the temperature, the relative humidity, the evaporation and other meteorological factors correlated with soil water reached more than 60% between 10cm and 20cm soil layer. The correlation coefficients above 30cm of each layer decreased significantly. Besides the 0-50cm soil water storage curve can be divided into ten day period, consumption, the precipitation in rainy season and Autumn period of soil water stable period the three stages of rapid elimination of dry season soil moisture; in the corn growing season (5-9 months) soil moisture vertical rule each month is similar to that of 0 ~ 20cm soil water storage variation coefficient is above 20%, the influence of meteorological factors on the 30 ~ 50cm layer is larger, the coefficient of variation is below 20%, the precipitation can not penetrate the soil layers, Other meteorological factors had little effect on deep soil, the soil water storage coefficient of variation.