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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (23): 124-128.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17010113

所属专题： 小麦

• 工程 机械 水利 装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬小麦“一水千斤”简化栽培模式水分运筹规律研究

孙明清1,李月华1,张广辉1,侯大山1,李娟茹1,刘 强1,高 倩1,何 煦2,赵锁辉3   

  1. (1石家庄市农业技术推广中心,石家庄 050051；2石家庄市农业机械化推广站,石家庄 050051；3赵县农业技术推广中心,石家庄 051530）
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-22 修回日期:2017-07-06 接受日期:2017-03-24 出版日期:2017-08-21 发布日期:2017-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 孙明清
  • 基金资助:
    河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2013010201)；石家庄高层次人才支持项目。

Water Management Rule of Wheat Simplified Cultivation Mode ‘Thousand Catties by Watering Once’

Sun Mingqing1, Li Yuehua1, Zhang Guanghui1, Hou Dashan1, Li Juanru1, Liu Qiang1, Gao Qian1, He Xu2, Zhao Suohui3   

  1. (1Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang 050051;2Shijiazhuang Agricultural Mechanization Promotion Station, Shijiazhuang 050051;3Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Zhao County, Shijiazhuang 051530)
  • Received:2017-01-22 Revised:2017-07-06 Accepted:2017-03-24 Online:2017-08-21 Published:2017-08-21

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摘要： 为进一步研究冬小麦节水灌溉，明确其水分运筹规律，2014—2015年度和2015—2016年度，在冬小麦全生育期降雨量与常年相当的情况下，采取趁墒播种等技术措施，示范研究了“一水千斤”简化栽培模式。试验表明：石家庄地区近十年冬小麦全生育期平均降雨量为132.4 mm，仅占平均需水量三分之一左右；不考虑0~40 cm水分活跃层的情况，40 cm以下土层土壤含水量随土层的下降呈逐渐增加的趋势，冬小麦拔节前各土层的含水量均在萎蔫系数之上；“一水千斤”模式下全生育期冬小麦平均耗水量4404.0 m3/hm2，土壤平均耗水量1852.5 m3/hm2，全生育期耗水量与常规灌溉模式下接近；明确了冀中南地区实施“一水千斤”模式实现节水与高产相统一，冬小麦灌水量应在1200 m3/hm2以上，全生育总耗水量应达到4650 m3/hm2以上。

关键词: 四川省, 四川省, 土地生态安全, 熵权法, 物元法

Abstract: In order to research the water management rule of winter wheat water-saving irrigation,during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016,the demonstration research on simplified cultivation model of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once was conducted with soil moisture for seeding technical measures. This experiment was tested in the condition of rainfall in the whole growth period of winter wheat was not significant difference with that of conventional year. Result showed that the average rainfall in the whole growth period of winter wheat was 132.4 mm in Shijiazhuang region in the recent ten years. It only accounted for roughly one-third of the average water requirement. Without considering water active layer from 0 to 40 cm, the soil moisture content under 40 cm was increasing gradually in a trend of soil layer down. The soil moisture content in different layers was over the wilting coefficient before winter wheat jointing time. The average water consumption in the whole growth period of winter wheat under the mode of thousand catties by watering once was 4 404.0 m3/hm2. The average water consumption of soil was 1 852.5 m3/hm2. Water consumption in the whole growth period was close to that of the conventional irrigation mode. The cultivation model of winter wheat with thousand catties by watering once in the middle and south of Hebei Province realized the unity of water-saving and high-yielding. Winter wheat irrigation water should be over 1 200 m3 / hm2. The total water consumption in whole growth period of winter wheat should be more than 4 650 m3 / hm2.