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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (17): 12-18.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18010135

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

蓖麻新品种‘云蓖麻四号’和 ‘云蓖麻五号’的选育研究

胡学礼,胡尊红,杨谨,王沛琦,郭丽芬,刘旭云,张锡顺   

  1. 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-23 修回日期:2018-04-17 接受日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘旭云
  • 基金资助:
    国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项“蓖麻产业技术研究与试验示范”(201003057)；云南省科技计划项目麻类（大麻、亚麻、蓖麻）新品种选育 及应用示范(2016BB005)。

Breeding of‘Yun Castor No.4’and‘Yun Castor No.5’

王沛琦,郭丽芬,刘旭云 and 张锡顺   

  • Received:2018-01-23 Revised:2018-04-17 Accepted:2018-04-25 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-06-20

摘要： 云蓖麻四号’和‘云蓖麻五号’是云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所经系统选育的高产、优质、高抗蓖麻新品种。该品种的生育期分别为出苗至主穗成熟148天、166天，在2003年品种比较试验中，平均种籽产量分别为2993.55、2445.15 kg/hm2，较对照品种‘TCO-202’的种籽平均增产48.40%、21.27%。2014年参加全国蓖麻品种展示试验，‘A131’在通辽试验点位次第二，云南试验点位次第二；‘A133’在通辽试验点位次第六，云南试验点位次第一。其主要特点表现为茎和叶披有蜡粉，分枝多，穗子较大，高产、高含油率（分别为57.53%、56.66%）、高蓖麻醇酸（分别为86.52%、90.45%）、抗病、抗旱和适应性广。在云南、西南地区及东南亚国家蓖麻生产示范中，取得了很好的示范推动作用。2015年通过云南省种子管理站组织‘A131’和‘A133’进行田间现场鉴定，定名为‘云蓖麻四号’和‘云蓖麻五号’。该品种与配套栽培技术结合，经济、社会效益明显，适宜云南省海拔在1800m以下的地区种植，尤以年降雨均匀且小于800mm，光、温资源丰富的地区为佳。同时，也适宜西南地区及东南亚国家推广种植。

关键词: 大豆, 大豆, 缺铁, 铁高效, 铁低效, 主成分分析, Logistic模型

Abstract: ‘Yun Castor No.4’and‘Yun Castor No.5’are high-yielding, high-quality and high-resistance new varieties bred by the Institute of Industrial Crops of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The growth period of the two varieties was 148 days and 166 days respectively from the emergence to the main spike. In 2003, their average seed yield was 2993.55 and 2445.15 kg/hm2 respectively, which was higher than that of the control‘TCO- 202’by 48.40% and 21.27% . In 2014, it participated in the emonstration test of castor varieties in China.‘A131’was the second in Tongliao test spot and the second in Yunnan test spot.‘A133’ was the sixth in Tongliao test spot and the first in Yunnan test spot. The main characteristics of the two varieties are wax powder on stems and leaves, more branching, large ears, high yield and high oil content (57.53% and 56.66%, respectively), high ricinoleic acid (86.52% and 90.45%), disease-resistant, droughtresistant and wide adaptability. In Yunnan as well as other regions in southwest China, and Southeast Asian countries, the demonstration of castor production is very good. In 2015, a field identification was carried out on ‘A131’and‘A133’by the Seed Management Station in Yunnan Province, and the two varieties are named as ‘Yun Castor No.4’and‘Yun Castor No.5’. The varieties with supporting cultivation techniques have obvious economic and social benefits, they are suitable for planting in areas below 1800 m altitude in Yunnan Province and being promoted in southwest China and Southeast Asian countries.