环境因素对不同地区牛筋草种子萌发的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18020053

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探明牛筋草种子的萌发特性及其关键环境影响因子，为在复杂的农业环境条件下，对牛筋草综合治理奠定基础，本研究通过室内生测试验，研究了温度、光照、盐碱度、干旱、pH值等环境因子对河南安阳、江苏盐城和海南三亚3个地区牛筋草种子萌发的影响。结果表明，牛筋草种子最低发芽温度为10℃，当温度上升到30~35℃时，3个地区的牛筋草种子发芽率均达到最大值；在20/10~40/30℃的变温条件下均可发芽，且当温度为35/25℃时发芽率最高。变温和恒温处理条件下，光照对种子萌发的影响基本一致，均表现为低温条件下（恒温≤25℃，变温≤25/15℃），黑暗处理有利于牛筋草种子的萌发。牛筋草种子萌发受水势影响较大，随水势的增加，发芽率逐渐降低；盐碱胁迫可降低种子的发芽率，当NaCl浓度大于100 mmol/L或NaHCO3浓度大于150 mmol/L时，3个地区的牛筋草种子不能萌发；牛筋草种子在pH 5~10范围内均能正常萌发，所以pH值不是限制萌发的主要因素。

关键词: 海州常山, 海州常山, 光照强度, 生长, 观赏品质

Abstract: In order to lay the foundation for the integrated control of goosegrass in the complex agricultural environment condition, this study clarifed the seeds germination characteristics of goosegrass and its key environmental impact factors by indoor tests. These laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the influence of environmental factors, including temperature, light, salinity-alkalinity, drought and pH, on germination of goosegrass seeds collected from Anyang, Yancheng and Sanya. The results of this research showed that the minimum germinating temperature was10℃,and the germinate rate reached to maximum when the temperature rised to 30~35℃. Seeds germinated at alternating temperature regimes from 20/10 to 40/30℃, with maximum germination at the alternating temperatures of 35/25℃. The effect of light on seed germination was consistant with the variable and constant temperature, and the results indicated that dark treatment was favorable for seed germination under low temperature(constant temperature≤25℃, variable temperature ≤25/15℃). The germination of the seeds was influenced by the water potential, and germination decreased the increase of water potential. germination was reduced by saline and alkaline stresses and no germination occurred at NaCl≥100 mmol/L or NaHCO3≥150 mmol/L concentrations. However, pH values from 5 to 10 had no significant effect on germination of goosegrass, and is not a main factor of limiting the seed germination of goosegrass.

马亚杰,马小艳,陈全家,任相亮,胡红岩,姜伟丽,王丹,董合林,马艳. 环境因素对不同地区牛筋草种子萌发的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(17): 60-74.

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