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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (34): 95-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090067

所属专题： 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

高原城市贵阳市臭氧浓度的多尺度变化特征及与气象条件的关系

尚媛媛,宋丹,裴兴云,陈静怡,牛迪宇   

  1. 1.贵州省气象服务中心;2.贵州山地环境气候研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-14 修回日期:2018-12-12 接受日期:2018-12-25 出版日期:2019-12-09 发布日期:2019-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 尚媛媛
  • 基金资助:
    贵州州省科技支撑计划项目“贵州空气质量及空气污染气象条件预报技术研究”（黔科合支撑[2018]2779）”；贵州省气象局“贵阳市冬夏季 O3与PM2.5相互作用研究”（黔气科登[2018]09-02）。

Multi-Scale Variation of Ozone Concentration and Its Relationship with Meteorological Conditions in Guiyang

  • Received:2018-09-14 Revised:2018-12-12 Accepted:2018-12-25 Online:2019-12-09 Published:2019-12-09

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摘要： 摘 要：相较于中东地区，贵阳市大气环境较为清洁，且O3的变化有待开展深入研究。笔者通过对贵阳市环境保护局设置在市内和郊区的10个环境空气质量监测国控点近5年（2013年1月—2017年12月）的O3逐小时浓度资料及气象、地理资料分析了贵阳市O3浓度的时空分布特征，并探讨典型气象因素对O3浓度变化的作用。本文主要针对贵阳市大气污染物O3相对于其他污染物偏高，以及郊区比市区夜间的O3浓度明显偏高现象，主要从盆地特殊地形及风的作用对O3时空变化进行分析。结果表明：（1）贵阳市年平均O3浓度变化为逐年增加趋势，与排放源增加有关。O3的季节变化主要受天气气候条件影响，O3日变化与太阳辐射、气温等气象因子显著相关。（2）郊区O3浓度明显高于城区，且出现的时段多在夜间。这一现象与城区与郊区的排放源差异、下垫面性质和地形小气候特征有关。（3）在排放源一定的条件下，影响贵阳市城区和郊区O3浓度变化的主要因素是特殊的盆地地形构造和风速风向。冬半年和夏半年城区的O3小时浓度变化与风速显著正相关。冬半年郊区O3小时浓度变化与风速也呈正相关，但是在夏半年，郊区的O3小时浓度与风速呈显著性正相关，这是由郊区的谷地地形构造和风向造成。

关键词: 对比分析, 对比分析, 短时强降水, 垂直积分液态含水量(VIL), 跃增, 风暴追踪

Abstract: Compared with the Middle East of China, the atmospheric environment in Guiyang is cleaner, and the change of O3 needs further study. In this paper, the hourly concentration data , meteorological and geographic data of O3 in 10 air quality monitoring points set up by Guiyang Environmental Protection Bureau during the past five years (January 2013-December 2017) were analyzed, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of O3 concentration in Guiyang were discussed. In this paper, the spatial and temporal variations of ozone in Guiyang city were analyzed mainly from the special topography of the basin and wind effects, aiming at the high concentration of ozone relative to other pollutants and the high concentration of ozone at night in suburbs. The results show that: (1) The annual average concentration of O3 in Guiyang city increases year by year, which is related to the increase of emission sources. The seasonal variation of O3 is mainly affected by weather and climate conditions, and the variation of O3 is significantly related to global solar radiation、air temperature and so on. (2) The concentration of O3 in suburb is obviously higher than that in urban area, and the time of occurrence is mostly at night. This phenomenon is related to the difference of emission sources between urban and suburban areas, the nature of underlying surface and the characteristics of topography and microclimate. (3) Under certain emission sources, the main factors affecting the variation of O3 concentration in urban and suburban areas of Guiyang are special basin topography and wind. The change hour of O3 is positively correlated with wind speed in winter half year and summer half year. The variation of O3 in the suburbs is also positively correlated with wind speed in the winter half year, but in the summer half year, the hour concentration of O3 in the suburbs is positively correlated with wind speed, which is caused by the valley topography and wind direction in the suburbs.