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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (19): 48-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600236

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

茂兰喀斯特森林湿地水生植物多样性

兰洪波1, 王万海1, 姚雾清1, 冉景丞2   

  1. 1贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州荔波 558400
    2贵州省野生动物和森林植物管理站,贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-04 修回日期:2019-08-23 出版日期:2020-07-05 发布日期:2020-07-08
  • 作者简介:兰洪波,男,1981年出生,贵州思南人,高级工程师,硕士,从事森林保护、喀斯特生态环境研究及自然保护区管理。通信地址:558400 贵州省荔波县玉屏镇樟江北路42号,E-mail:252799465@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科学技术基金“喀斯特森林湿地水生植物物种多样性与其环境关系研究”(黔科合J字[2013]2135);贵州省林业厅青年专项“喀斯特森林湿地种子库及土壤动物多样性研究”(黔林科合J字[2013]10号)

Diversity of Aquatic Plants in Maolan Karst Forest Wetland

Lan Hongbo1, Wang Wanhai1, Yao Wuqing1, Ran Jingcheng2   

  1. 1Management Department of Maolan Nature Reserve in Guizhou, Libo Guizhou 558400
    2Guizhou Provincial Wild Animal and Plant Management Bureau, Guiyang 550001
  • Received:2019-06-04 Revised:2019-08-23 Online:2020-07-05 Published:2020-07-08

摘要:

2014—2016年通过野外实地调查,对茂兰喀斯特森林湿地水生植物物种的区系组成及多样性进行初步分析。结果表明,茂兰喀斯特森林湿地水生植物共有49科78属104种,其中蕨类植物6科6属8种,被子植物43科72属96种;优势科为禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、眼子菜科(Potamogetonaceae)、蓼科(Polygonaceae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)等;优势属为蓼属(Polygonum)、眼子菜属(Potamogeton)和莲子草属(Alternanthera)等,单属种占总属数的78.21%。茂兰喀斯特森林湿地水生植物区系组成较复杂,科、属、种分布类型呈现多样化;属在科中、种在属中、种在科中的分布均不均衡;单属科、单种属、单种科在数量上占优。茂兰喀斯特森林湿地水生植物地理区系组成特点为科的分布区类型主要是世界广布类型;属的分布区类型具有亚热带的特征;种的分布类型以温带分布种居多,其次是热带分布种,世界广布种相对较少。

关键词: 水生植物, 多样性, 森林湿地, 喀斯特, 茂兰

Abstract:

The floristic composition and diversity of aquatic plant species in Maolan Karst Forest Wetland were preliminarily analyzed based on the field survey from 2014 to 2016. The results indicated that there were 104 species of aquatic plants belonging to 78 genera and 49 families in Maolan Karst Forest Wetland, of which ferns belonged to 6 families, 6 genera and 8 species and angiosperms belonged to 43 families, 72 genera and 96 species. Gramineae, Asteraceae, Potamogetonaceae, Polygonaceae, and Cyperaceae were the dominant families and Polygonum, Potamogeton, and Alternanthera were the preponderant genera, in which the single species accounted for 78.21% of the total genera. The floristic composition of aquatic plants in Maolan Karst Forest Wetland is rather complicated and the reasons are: the distribution types of families, genera and species are diversified; the distribution of genera in families, species in genera and species in families are unbalanced; and the single-species, monotypic and single-species families are dominant in number. The composition of the floristic region of Maolan Karst Forest Wetland includes the following points: families are mainly the widespread distribution types; the distribution types of genera shows subtropical characteristics; and the distribution types of species are mostly temperate distribution species, followed by tropical species and relatively few widespread distribution types.

Key words: aquatic plant, diversity, forest wetlands, Karst, Maolan

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