不同施肥模式下稻田土壤氮组分及微生物多样性研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0921

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (27): 106-110.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0921

所属专题：生物技术；水稻；农业生态

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

不同施肥模式下稻田土壤氮组分及微生物多样性研究进展

石丽红(), 孙梅, 唐海明(), 文丽, 李超, 程凯凯, 李微艳, 肖小平

湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙 410125

收稿日期:2021-09-24 修回日期:2021-12-30 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2022-09-21
通讯作者: 唐海明
作者简介:石丽红,女,1981年出生,湖南湘阴人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向：农田生态环境。通信地址：410125 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区远大二路730号湖南省土壤肥料研究所,Tel：0731-84696102,E-mail： 582522224@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省自然科学基金“长期不同施肥措施下双季稻田根际微生物对土壤氮素转化的响应机制”(2022JJ30352);国家自然科学基金“长期施肥下双季稻田根际微生物对土壤碳、氮转化机制研究”(31872851);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目“湖南稻田固碳提质与节肥增效技术体系构建与应用”(2022CX75);“有机无机肥配施对南方双季稻田土壤碳氮矿化速率影响”(2020CX67);“稻田合理耕层与高效施肥关键技术构建及应用”(2021CX37)

Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Microbial Diversity in Paddy Field Under Different Fertilization Modes: A Review

SHI Lihong(), SUN Mei, TANG Haiming(), WEN Li, LI Chao, CHENG Kaikai, LI Weiyan, XIAO Xiaoping

Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha 410125

Received:2021-09-24 Revised:2021-12-30 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2022-09-21
Contact: TANG Haiming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有机氮是土壤中氮的主要存在形式,土壤氮矿化、氮素有效性与有机氮组分关系密切,明确土壤有机氮组分对氮矿化的贡献,有利于为采用科学合理的田间管理措施提供理论依据。不同的施肥模式是影响稻田土壤氮组分及微生物多样性较为关键的因素之一。因此,本文从不同施肥方式对稻田土壤氮素形态和矿化作用特征、土壤氨氧化菌和硝化及反硝化菌群功能基因数量变化、土壤氮素转化微生物活性和胞外酶、土壤氮素转化微生物群落结构多样性等方面展开了相应的讨论,提出有机无机肥配施有利于提高稻田土壤有机氮组分的微生物利用性、土壤的氮供给,采用有机无机肥配施是提高稻田土壤肥力的有效管理措施。

关键词: 稻田, 土壤, 施肥, 氮组分, 微生物多样性

Abstract:

Soil organic nitrogen (SON) is the main form of nitrogen (N) in paddy field, and there is a close relationship between soil N mineralization, N availability and SON fractions. To clarify the contribution of SON fractions to N mineralization in soil can provide a theoretical basis for scientific field management practices. Soil N fractions and soil microbial diversity in paddy field are mainly affected by the fertilization modes. This study was conducted from the aspects of the effects of different fertilization modes on soil N forms and characteristics of N mineralization, the quantitative change of functional genes in soil ammonia oxidizing bacteria and soil nitrifying and soil denitrifying bacteria, soil N transformation microorganisms’ activity and extracellular enzymes, and soil microbial community structural diversity of N transformation. The study proposed that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is beneficial to improving the microbial availability of SON fractions and soil nitrogen supply, and it is an effective practice to enhance soil fertility in paddy field.

Key words: paddy field, soil, fertilization, nitrogen fractions, microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S154.3

石丽红, 孙梅, 唐海明, 文丽, 李超, 程凯凯, 李微艳, 肖小平. 不同施肥模式下稻田土壤氮组分及微生物多样性研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(27): 106-110.

SHI Lihong, SUN Mei, TANG Haiming, WEN Li, LI Chao, CHENG Kaikai, LI Weiyan, XIAO Xiaoping. Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Microbial Diversity in Paddy Field Under Different Fertilization Modes: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(27): 106-110.

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不同施肥模式下稻田土壤氮组分及微生物多样性研究进展

Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Microbial Diversity in Paddy Field Under Different Fertilization Modes: A Review

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