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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (23): 88-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800520

所属专题: 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961—2018年西藏高原青稞产区气候生产潜力时空变化特征

周刊社1(), 邓伟2(), 崔元良3, 洪健昌4, 措姆1, 罗珍1   

  1. 1西藏自治区气候中心,拉萨 850000
    2西藏自治区气象灾害防御技术中心,拉萨 850000
    3西藏自治区气象局机关服务中心,拉萨 850000
    4西藏大气环境科学研究所,拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-11 修回日期:2019-10-11 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-08-13
  • 通讯作者: 邓伟
  • 作者简介:周刊社,男,1977年出生,陕西周至人,正研级高工,硕士,主要从事气候变化、生态与农牧业气象等方面的研究。通信地址:850000 西藏拉萨市林廓北路2号 西藏自治区气候中心,Tel:0891-6361095,E-mail: zhoukanshe@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    西藏自治区重点研发计划(XZ202001ZY0023N);中国气象局气候变化专项“气候变化对西藏春青稞产量的影响研究”(CCSF201935)

Highland Barley Production Area of Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2018: Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of Climatic Potential Productivity

Zhou Kanshe1(), Deng Wei2(), Cui Yuanliang3, Hong Jianchang4, Cuo Mu1, Luo Zhen1   

  1. 1Tibet Climatic Center, Lhasa 850000
    2Tibet Technology Institute of Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Lhasa 850000
    3Bureau Service Center of Tibet Meteorological Bureau, Lhasa 850000
    4Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Lhasa 850000
  • Received:2019-08-11 Revised:2019-10-11 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-08-13
  • Contact: Deng Wei

摘要:

定量评估西藏高原青稞产区不同气候区气候生产潜力空间分布格局、演变特征及其影响机理,对于西藏高原青稞生长环境变化研究和产业可持续发展具有重要意义。基于西藏高原青稞产区不同气候区的7个典型气象站观测资料序列,采用Miami模型、Thornthwaite Memorial模型、气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析西藏高原青稞产区气候生产潜力时空分布特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果显示:1961—2018年青稞产区各站气温生产潜力(NPPt)呈极显著增加趋势,降水生产潜力(NPPr)呈显著增加趋势,蒸散生产潜力(NPPe)和标准气候生产潜力(NPPb)也均表现为波动的增加趋势。西藏高原主要青稞产区东部及沿雅江一带气候生产潜力限制因子为降水,高寒的北部地区气候生产潜力限制因子为气温或蒸散。NPPtNPPrNPPeNPPb均表现为年代际增加趋势,20世纪80—90年代发生突变,且在21世纪初显著增加。1961—2018年气候的“暖湿型”变化趋势有利于当地青稞气候生产潜力的提高,青稞的生产不仅依赖于气候资源,还依赖于水资源的调配和利用。

关键词: 气候变化, 气候生产潜力, Miami模型, Thornthwaite Memorial模型, 青稞

Abstract:

It is of great significance to quantitatively assess the spatial distribution pattern, evolution characteristics and influence mechanism of climatic potential productivity in highland barley production area of different climatic zones in Tibetan plateau for studying the changes of highland barley growth environment and the sustainable development of the industry. Based on the series of observation data from 7 meteorological stations, we analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of climatic potential productivity in highland barley production areas of Tibetan plateau and its response to climate change by using statistical analysis methods, such as Miami model, Thornthwaite Memorial model, climate trend rate, and Mann-Kendall mutation test. The results showed that: NPPt of each station in highland barley areas during 1961-2018 showed an extremely significant increase trend, NPPr showed a significant increase trend, and NPPe and NPPb showed an increasing trend with fluctuation; the limiting factor of NPPb in the eastern main highland barley areas of Tibetan plateau and along the Yarlung Zangbo River was precipitation, while the limiting factor of NPPb in the cold northern region was temperature or evapotranspiration. NPPt, NPPr, NPPe and NPPb all showed inter-decadal increase trend, which had a mutation from 1980s to 1990s, and became more significant in the early 21 st century. The transition to “warm and humid” climate is conducive to improving the climatic potential productivity of local highland barley during 1961-2018, the production of highland barley depends not only on climate resources, but also on the allocation and utilization of water resources.

Key words: climate change, climatic potential productivity, Miami model, Thornthwaite Memorial model, highland barley

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