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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 55-61.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000711

所属专题： 水产渔业； 水稻

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

克氏原螯虾-水稻连作对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

范立民1,2(), 杨光3, 董媛媛2, 东新旭2, 裘丽萍1, 宋超1, 陈家长1,2()   

  1. 1中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部长江下游渔业生态环境监测中心,中国水产科学研究院内陆生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡 214081
    2南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡 214081
    3中国水产科学研究院渔业工程研究所,北京 100000
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-25 修回日期:2019-11-13 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 陈家长
  • 作者简介:范立民,男,1978年出生,河北滦平人,副研究员,博士,主要从事渔业生态环境保护技术方面的研究。通信地址：214081 江苏省无锡市山水东路9号 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,E-mail： fanlm@ffrc.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金面上项目“克氏原螯虾-水稻共作系统中主要微生物群落特征及形成机制研究”(BK20181136)

Continuous Cropping of Crayfish and Rice: Effects on Functional Diversity of Soil Microorganisms

Fan Limin1,2(), Yang Guang3, Dong Yuanyuan2, Dong Xinxu2, Qiu Liping1, Song Chao1, Chen Jiazhang1,2()   

  1. 1Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Wuxi Jiangsu 2140811
    2Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214081
    3Fisheries Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Beijing 100000
  • Received:2019-10-25 Revised:2019-11-13 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Chen Jiazhang

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摘要：

为了研究克氏原螯虾-水稻连作对系统土壤微生物功能多样性的影响。分别选择克氏原螯虾-水稻连作塘、水稻田为研究对象,采用Biolog-ECO方法检测土壤样品中微生物对31种碳源的利用能力,研究克氏原螯虾-水稻连作田和单纯水稻田中微生物代谢活性及代谢多样性差异,并分析其影响因素。结果表明,克氏原螯虾-水稻连作田土壤中氮、磷、钾和有机质的含量和微生物代谢活性均显著低于水稻田,“虾-稻”连作田和水稻田土壤微生物代谢多样性间也存在显著差异(P<0.05)。冗余分析的结果表明,这种差异和土壤有机质含量具有显著的相关性(R2=0.814,P =0.001)。克氏原螯虾-水稻连作对土壤微生物功能多样性能够产生显著影响。肥料使用量的降低、使用方式的改变,特别是其中有机质含量的降低是造成影响的重要原因。

关键词: 克氏原螯虾-水稻连作, 微生物代谢活性, Biolog-ECO, 代谢多样性, 有机质

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of continuous cropping of crayfish and rice on functional diversity of soil microorganisms, some rice paddy fields and ponds with continuous cropping of crayfish and rice were selected as research objects, Biolog-ECO method was used to detect the utilizing capacity of 31 carbon sources by microorganism in soils. The metabolic activity and the difference of metabolic diversity of microorganism were studied in the rice paddy fields with continuous cropping of crayfish and rice and rice paddy field. The influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, and the microbial metabolic activities in fields with continuous cropping of crayfish and rice were all lower than that in rice paddy fields (P<0.05). The metabolic diversities of soil microorganisms in fields with continuous cropping of crayfish and rice and rice paddy fields were significantly different (P<0.05, and the results of redundancy analysis showed that and the difference was positively correlated with the content of organic matter in soil (R2=0.814, P =0.001). To sum up, the continuous cropping of crayfish and rice can influence the functional diversity of soil microorganisms significantly, and the reduction of fertilizer uses, especially the reductions of organic matter, is the important cause.

Key words: continuous culturing of crayfish and rice, microbial metabolic activities, Biolog-ECO, metabolic diversity, organic matter

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