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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 62-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000722

所属专题: 水稻

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻镉积累特点及影响因素研究——潜育水稻土与潴育水稻土的比较

郑顺安1,2(), 刘代丽1,2, 章明奎3(), 张爽3   

  1. 1农业农村生态与资源保护总站,北京 100125
    2农业农村部资源循环利用技术与模式重点实验室,北京 100125
    3浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-15 修回日期:2019-12-10 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 章明奎
  • 作者简介:郑顺安,男,1981年出生,安徽合肥人,副研究员,博士,主要从事耕地污染防治、产地环境调查监测等方面的研究。通信地址:100125 北京市朝阳区麦子店街24号楼 农业农村生态与资源保护总站,E-mail: zhengshunan@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    全国农用地土壤污染状况调查(2110399);国家重点研发计划专项“农田地质高背景重金属污染机理研究”(2017YFD0800305)

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cadmium Accumulation in Rice: Gleyed Paddy Soil and Hydrogric Paddy Soil

Zheng Shun’an1,2(), Liu Daili1,2, Zhang Mingkui3(), Zhang Shuang3   

  1. 1Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Resource Protection Station, Beijing 100125
    2Key Laboratory of Resource Recycling Technology and Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125
    3College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058
  • Received:2019-10-15 Revised:2019-12-10 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Zhang Mingkui

摘要:

中国农田土壤和稻米镉(Cd)污染严重,摸清稻田土壤与水稻各器官中Cd积累的关系,可为水稻安全生产提供依据。以潜育水稻土和潴育水稻土为研究对象,通过点对点采集土壤和水稻样品,比较了潜育水稻土与潴育水稻土生长水稻Cd积累的差异及影响因素。结果表明:在相似的土壤Cd污染水平下,生长于潜育水稻土上的水稻各器官镉积累明显低于潴育水稻土,潜育水稻土上生长水稻的茎叶、糙米镉平均含量只有生长于潴育水稻土上的55.53%和56.10%,表明潜育水稻土上生长水稻对土壤Cd的吸收量明显低于潴育水稻土上生长的水稻。土壤全Cd含量均是影响两类土壤水稻各器官Cd积累的主要因素,但其他土壤因素对水稻各器官中Cd积累的影响在两类农田中有较大的区别;潜育水稻土上影响水稻Cd积累的因素还有交换性亚铁和粘粒含量,而潴育水稻土中则为CEC。结果还表明,在潜育水稻土中,采用新鲜土样测定的土壤有效Cd比风干土测定的土壤有效Cd更能有效预测水稻各器官中Cd的积累。故,土壤潜育化可降低水稻对土壤Cd的吸收,减免糙米Cd污染的风险。

关键词: 潜育化, 亚铁, 水稻, 镉(Cd), 安全生产

Abstract:

Cadmium pollution in farmland soil and rice grain is serious in China. To understand the relationship between accumulation of cadmium in paddy soil and in rice organs can provide a basis for safe production of rice. Taking the gleyed and hydrogric paddy soil as the research objects, the characteristics and influencing factors of cadmium accumulation in rice growth in both types of paddy soil were studied by collecting soil and rice samples in pairs. The results showed that under similar soil cadmium pollution, the cadmium accumulation in the organs of rice grown in the gleyed paddy soil was significantly lower than that in the hydrogric paddy soil. The average contents of cadmium in the stems-leaves and brown rice of the rice plant grown in the gleyed paddy soil were only 55.53% and 56.10% of that in the hydrogric paddy soil, indicating that the amount of Cd uptake by rice plant from the gleyed paddy soil was significantly lower than that from the hydrogric paddy soil. The total soil cadmium content was the main factor that affected the accumulation of cadmium in organs of rice plants grown in both soils. However, the effects of other factors on cadmium accumulation in rice organs were quite different between the two types of farmland soils. The factors that affected the accumulation of cadmium in the gleyed paddy soil were exchangeable ferrous and clay content, while the CEC in the hydrogric paddy soil was an important factor. The results also showed that the available cadmium in the gleyed paddy soil determined by fresh soil samples was more effective than that determined by air-dried soil for predicting cadmium accumulation in rice organs. It is concluded that soil gleization could reduce the uptake of cadmium by rice and the risk of cadmium contamination in brown rice.

Key words: gleization, ferrous, rice, cadmium, safe production

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