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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (34): 104-109.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200978

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

芽孢杆菌Bam22对油菜根肿病的防治效果研究

张凯妮1,2(), 张蕾1, 黄小琴1, 杨潇湘1, 伍文宪1, 周西全1, 周士歆2, 党文强2, 王文明2, 刘勇1()   

  1. 1四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,成都 610066
    2四川农业大学水稻研究所,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-20 修回日期:2020-05-14 出版日期:2020-12-05 发布日期:2020-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘勇
  • 作者简介:张凯妮,女,1989年出生,陕西渭南人,硕士研究生,研究方向：植物抗病性及利用。通信地址：611130 四川省成都市温江区惠民路211号 四川农业大学,E-mail： zhangkaini24596@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201100);四川省财政创新能力提升工程项目(2016GYSH-017);中试熟化项目新都稻油轮作模式下的病虫害绿色防控(2019-2020);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川油菜创新团队病害岗位专家(SCCXTD-2019-03)

Effect of Bacillus Bam22 on Club Root of Oilseed Rape

Zhang Kaini1,2(), Zhang Lei1, Huang Xiaoqin1, Yang Xiaoxiang1, Wu Wenxian1, Zhou Xiquan1, Zhou Shixin2, Dang Wenqiang2, Wang Wenming2, Liu Yong1()   

  1. 1Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2019-12-20 Revised:2020-05-14 Online:2020-12-05 Published:2020-12-15
  • Contact: Liu Yong

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摘要：

由芸薹根肿菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae)侵染引起的根肿病是限制油菜生产的主要病害之一,苗期即可发病,目前该病害的主要防治措施有选用抗病品种和使用化学药剂,但农药残留问题日益突出,故提出采用生物防治的策略防控油菜根肿病。笔者采用拌种与苗期灌根的方式研究了芽孢杆菌(Bacillus Bam22)对油菜根肿病的田间防治效果,苗期调查结果表明芽孢杆菌Bam22拌种处理(T1)和芽孢杆菌Bam22+高岭土拌种处理(T2)较清水对照(CK)的发病率降低了3.4%~20%,防效达44%~52%;T1、T2与药剂对照氰霜唑拌种处理(T3)的株高和发病率无明显差异,但防效提高20%~40%。花期调查结果表明T1和T2处理较清水对照(CK)的发病率降低了10%~13%,防效介于28%~51%;T1、T2处理较药剂对照(T3)的发病率降低了6.67%~10%,防治效果提高了5%~22%,单株产量增加了23.97%~34.29%。以上研究结果表明,采用芽孢杆菌Bam22拌种结合苗期灌根,能够有效降低油菜苗期和花期根肿病的发病率,显著降低油菜的产量损失率。芽孢杆菌Bam22对油菜根肿病有较好的控制效果,具有开发成为生物农药的潜力。

关键词: 芽孢杆菌Bam22, 油菜, 根肿病, 防治效果, 产量

Abstract:

Club root is a major disease that severely hampers the development of oilseed rape industry and can occur at the seedling stage. At present, the main control measures of this disease including using resistance varieties and fungicides, but the problem of pesticide residues is becoming more and more serious, so the biological control strategy is proposed to prevent and control club root of oilseed rape. To study the control effect of Bacillus Bam22 on the club root of oilseed rape, seed mixing and root irrigation at seedling stage were used in the study. The results showed that the seed mixing with Bacillus Bam22 combined with root irrigation at seedling stage could effectively reduce the disease incidence, improve the control effect on the club root, and promote the growth of oilseed rape. At the seedling stage, compared with water treatment (CK), the incidence of Bacillus Bam22 treatment (T1) and Bacillus Bam22 and Kaolin treatment (T2) was decreased by 3.4%-20%, and the control efficiency reached 44%-52%; compared with 10% cyazofamid treatment (T3), the control efficiency of T1 and T2 was improved by 20%-40%. At the flowering stage, compared with CK, the incidence rate of T1 and T2 was decreased by 10%-13%, and the control efficiency reached 44%~52%; compared with T3, the incidence rate was decreased by 6.67%-10%, the control efficiency was improved by 5%-22%, the yield per plant was increased by 23.97% -34.29%. In conclusion, the use of Bam22 in seed mixing and root irrigation at seedling stage can effectively reduce the incidence of club root of oilseed rape during seedling and flowering stage, and significantly bring down the yield loss rate. Bam22 has good control efficiency on club root and the potential to be developed into biological fungicide.

Key words: Bacillus Bam22, oilseed rape, club root, control efficiency, yield

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