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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (34): 51-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191201017

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

蚓粪基质对番茄生长和品质的影响

董青君1,2(), 杨凯1,2, 吴倩3, 李圆宾1,2, 殷小冬1,2, 徐璐瑶1,2, 李辉信1,2, 焦加国1,2()   

  1. 1南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京 210095
    2江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,南京 210095
    3中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-31 修回日期:2020-04-28 出版日期:2020-12-05 发布日期:2020-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 焦加国
  • 作者简介:董青君,女,1995年出生,山东菏泽人,硕士,主要从事于餐余废弃物的蚯蚓堆肥及餐余蚓粪的基质开发。通信地址:210049 江苏省南京市玄武区卫岗一号 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,Tel:0258-4395815,E-mail: 2018803192@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划“黄河三角洲盐碱地土壤质量提升及生态保育关键技术集成与成果转化”(2019JZZY020614);国家重点研发计划课题“有机肥料替代化学养分机制”(2016YFD0200106);2019年度江苏省研究生创新工程项目“餐余废弃物的蚯蚓养殖及基质产品开发”(SJCX19_0121)

Effects of Vermicompost Substrate on Tomato Growth and Quality

Dong Qingjun1,2(), Yang Kai1,2, Wu Qian3, Li Yuanbin1,2, Yin Xiaodong1,2, Xu Luyao1,2, Li Huixin1,2, Jiao Jiaguo1,2()   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095
    2Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095
    3CNPC Safety and Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206
  • Received:2019-12-31 Revised:2020-04-28 Online:2020-12-05 Published:2020-12-15
  • Contact: Jiao Jiaguo

摘要:

将餐余蚓粪或猪粪蚓粪与泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石按不同体积比例分别复配成番茄生长基质,以常规基质作为对照,分析不同基质对番茄生长和品质的影响,筛选出适合番茄生长的蚓粪基质配方,为畜禽粪便和餐余废弃物的资源化利用提供技术支撑。结果表明,猪粪蚓粪或餐余蚓粪复配的生长基质的理化性质优良,均适合番茄生长。综合来看,所有处理中,以40%蚓粪添加量的T5(40%餐余蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石)和T6(40%猪粪蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石)处理效果最佳,与CK相比,T5、T6处理的番茄果实单果重分别增加102.84%、95.05%,Vc含量分别增加了76.64%、77.16%,可溶性蛋白含量分别增加了1.27、1.35 mg/g,可溶性糖含量分别增加6.73、10.54 mg/g,T5处理的有机酸含量降低了23.40%。T5处理与T6处理的总体效果相当,可以达到市场对基质的要求,该配方可推荐用于番茄工厂化基质生产。

关键词: 餐余废弃物, 蚓粪, 基质, 番茄, 品质, 生长

Abstract:

To provide technical support for the resource utilization of livestock manures and food wastes, the tomato growth substrate was made with food waste vermicompost or pig manure vermicompost, peat, perlite and vermiculite in different proportions, and then using conventional substrate as controls, the best vermicompost substrate was selected through the analysis of the growth and quality of tomato. The results showed that, the physical and chemical properties of the growth substrate made up of pig manure vermicompost and food waste vermicompost were good, which were suitable for tomato growth. Overall, in all treatments, T5(40% food waste vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) and T6(40% pig manure vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) treatment with 40% vermicompost had the best effect, compared with CK, the fruit weight of T5 and T6 increased by 102.84% and 95.05%, Vc content increased by 76.64% and 77.16%, soluble protein content increased by 1.27 and 1.35 mg/g respectively, soluble sugar content increased by 6.73 and 10.54 mg/g respectively, and organic acid content of T5 decreased by 23.40%. T5 and T6 treatment have the same overall effect, which can meet the requirements of the market, and the formula can be recommended for factory production of tomato substrate.

Key words: food waste, vermicompost, substrates, tomato, quality, growth

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