欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 37-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0117

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高产田氮磷钾肥对油菜产量性状的效应

张文学(), 李殿荣   

  1. 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-11 修回日期:2020-07-28 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-24
  • 作者简介:张文学,男,1963年出生,陕西旬邑人,副研究员,本科,主要从事油菜栽培研究、资源创新及遗传育种工作。通信地址：712100 陕西省杨凌示范区高干渠路西段六号 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,E-mail：zhangwx898@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“西北及黄淮地区强优势油菜杂交种的创制与应用”(2016YFD0101304);陕西省成果转化“高油双低油菜新品种秦优1618示范推广”(2020CGXNG-024)

NPK Fertilizer in High Yield Field: Effect on Rapeseed Yield Characters

Zhang Wenxue(), Li Dianrong   

  1. Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling Shaanxi 712100
  • Received:2020-06-11 Revised:2020-07-28 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-24

RichHTML

17

PDF (PC)

48

摘要：

为了探索高产田氮磷钾肥处理及氮磷钾效应对油菜产量性状的影响,以‘秦油2号’和‘中油821’品种为材料,设置施纯氮0、180 kg/hm2,磷(P2O5)和钾(K2O)各为0、90 kg/hm2,采用裂区设计,分析了N、P、K以及互作效应对油菜经济性状的影响。结果表明：氮磷配施比对照（空白）增产25.7%,比单施N、P、K分别增产21.6%、18.0%、37.9%;两个品种的产量均以N 180 kg/hm2+P 90 kg/hm2最佳,‘秦油2号’为3850.70 kg/hm2,‘中油821’为3096.26 kg/hm2。‘秦油2号’在9个处理中都比‘中油821’极显著增产,平均增产22.2%,是营养基因型差异所致;综合效应分析得出氮磷交互效应对产量具有正向作用,但未达显著水平,而氮磷各自效应明显。进一步剖析增产原因,氮磷交互效应对‘秦油2号’单株角果数影响较大,对‘中油821’的株高和千粒重增加显著;磷的单独效应对‘秦油2号’的千粒重和‘中油821’的单株角果数影响最明显。本研究表明,氮磷配施的产量显著高于单施,配施增产主要原因是各自单独效应的累加;关中高产田氮肥用量180 kg/hm2、磷肥90 kg/hm2。

关键词: 油菜, 氮磷钾, 高产田, 效应, 产量性状

Abstract:

To explore the influences of N, P, K fertilizer treatment and N, P, K effects on yield characters of rapeseed in high yield field, the rapeseed varieties ‘Qinyou 2’ and ‘Zhongyou 821’ were used as materials. Pure nitrogen was applied at 0 and 180 kg/hm2, while phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) was 0 and 90 kg/hm2 respectively to analyze the effects of N, P, K and their interaction on economic characters of rapeseed by split plot design. The results showed that the combined application of N and P increased the yield by 25.7% compared with control (blank) and increased the yield by 21.6%, 18.0% and 37.9% respectively compared with the single application of N, P and K. The best yield of the two varieties was achieved by N 180 kg/hm2 + P 90 kg/hm2, 3850.70 kg/hm2 of ‘Qinyou 2’ and 3096.26 kg/hm2 of ‘Zhongyou 821’. The yield of ‘Qinyou 2’ increased significantly compared with that of ‘Zhongyou 821’ in all the nine treatments, with an average increase of 22.2%, which was due to the difference of nutritional genotypes. Comprehensive effect analysis showed that the interaction effect of N and P was positive on yield, but it did not reach a significant level, while the individual effect of N and P was significant respectively. Further analysis of the yield increase showed that the interaction effect of N and P had a great influence on the silique number per plant of ‘Qinyou 2’, and significantly increased the plant height and 1000-grain weight of ‘Zhongyou 821’. The single effect of P was the most significant on 1000-grain weight of ‘Qinyou 2’ and the silique number per plant of ‘Zhongyou 821’. The study indicates that the yield under the combined application of N and P is significantly higher than that under their single application, and the accumulation of individual effect contributes the most to the yield increase, N application rate of 180 kg/hm2 with P application rate of 90 kg/hm2 is suitable in Guanzhong high yield field of rapeseed.

Key words: rapeseed, NPK, high yield field, effect, yield character

中图分类号: