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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (32): 140-146.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0184

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

松花江干流鲢的年龄与生长特性分析

王继隆(), 刘伟(), 李培伦, 鲁万桥, 唐富江   

  1. 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨 150070
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-17 修回日期:2020-09-16 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 刘伟
  • 作者简介:王继隆,男,1984年出生,山东济宁人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:渔业资源调查与评估。通信地址:黑龙江省哈尔滨市道里区河松街232号,E-mail: wjl0321225@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部财政专项“松花江流域禁渔效果评价及渔业生态公报编制”(2130135);农业农村部财政专项“黑龙江重要渔业水域鱼类产卵场调查”(2130135)

Age and Growth Characteristics of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the Main Stream of Songhua River

Wang Jilong(), Liu Wei(), Li Peilun, Lu Wanqiao, Tang Fujiang   

  1. Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070
  • Received:2020-06-17 Revised:2020-09-16 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-19
  • Contact: Liu Wei

摘要:

为了掌握松花江干流鲢的年龄与生长特性,为渔业资源管理提供基础资料,于2018、2019年的6—10月在松花江干流6个站点随机采集335尾鲢样本,采用鳞片鉴定其年龄,退算了鲢各年龄段的体长、体质量。采用Keys公式、Von Bertalanffy生长方程以及生长特征指数φ分析了鲢体长、体质量的生长规律。结果表明鲢雌雄个体间的生长速度无显著性差异,松花江鲢体长、体质量的生长方程分别为:$L_t=74.555*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) } ];W_t=7006.927*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) }]^{3.0894}$。鲢体长生长速度曲线无拐点,随着年龄的增加生长速度逐渐降低;体质量的生长速度曲线具有拐点,拐点年龄为4.485龄,对应的体长、体质量分别为50.42 cm和2095.12 g。和长江群体相比,松花江干流鲢的年龄和规格较大,但其生长速度较慢。鲢的生长除受到不同群体的遗传因素影响外,还与栖息环境的水温、饵料生物密度等因素有关。

关键词: 松花江, 鲢, 年龄, 生长

Abstract:

In order to study the growth characteristics of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in Songhua River and provide basic information for fishery resource management, 335 individuals were sampled in 6 stations along Songhua River from June to October in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Age was determined by the scale annuli, and body length and body weight of different ages were back-calculated. Keys formula and Von Bertalanffy growth equation were used to analyze the growth of body length and body weight. According to the growth characteristic index, the growth of silver carp in Songhua River and other waters was analyzed. Results showed that no significant difference of growth was found in male and female individuals. The growth formula of body length and body weight of silver carp in the main stream of Songhua River was $L_t=74.555*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) } ];W_t=7006.927*[1-e^{-0.258\cdot(t_i-0.113) }]^{3.0894}$, respectively. The growth rate curve of body length had no inflexion, the growth rate of body length declined as the age increased. The growth rate curve of body weight had an inflexion, and the age, body length and body weight corresponding to the inflexion was 4.485 years, 50.42 cm and 2095.12 g, respectively. The results of comparative analysis showed that the age and the body size of silver carp in Songhua River were larger than those in Yangtze River, but its growth rate was slower. Therefore, the growth of silver carp is not only affected by the genetic factors among different populations, but also by the water temperature of the habitat and the biological density of food organisms.

Key words: Songhua River, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, age, growth

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