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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (30): 65-71.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0839

所属专题: 烟草种植与生产

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

施肥位点调控对植烟土壤及烤烟钾含量的影响

李冬雪1,2(), 王一柳1, 郇威威1,2, 冯文强3, 王火焰1,2(), 陈小琴1, 卢殿君1   

  1. 1中国科学院南京土壤研究所/土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京 210008
    2中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京 100049
    3四川省烟草科学研究所,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-25 修回日期:2021-02-25 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 王火焰
  • 作者简介:李冬雪,女,1995年出生,黑龙江肇东人,在读博士研究生,研究方向:烟草养分管理及肥料迁移转化。通信地址:210008 江苏省南京市玄武区玄武湖街道北京东路71号 南京土壤研究所,Tel:025-86881260,E-mail: 15045824231@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司四川省公司2018年重点科技项目“烟株根区一次性施肥关键技术研究与机械化应用”(川烟科(2018)26号SCYC201911)

Effects of Fertilization Site Regulation on Potassium Content of Tobacco Planting Soil and Flue-cured Tobacco

Li Dongxue1,2(), Wang Yiliu1, Huan Weiwei1,2, Feng Wenqiang3, Wang Huoyan1,2(), Chen Xiaoqin1, Lu Dianjun1   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008
    2College of Modern Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science, Chengdu 610041
  • Received:2020-12-25 Revised:2021-02-25 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-12-08
  • Contact: Wang Huoyan

摘要:

烟叶钾含量作为评价烟叶品质的重要指标,如何进一步提升烟叶钾含量是本研究的主要目的。选取四川米易、仁和、河口及内东4个试验区,采用大田微区试验方式,设置4个施肥方式(CK不施钾、T1常规环施、T2底施、T3环施+洞施),研究施肥位点对植烟土壤及烤烟钾含量的影响。结果表明:与常规环施相比,米易、仁和及河口地区,环施+洞施可使烟叶吸钾量提升31%、7%和25%,使烤烟产量提升22%、9%、18%;内东地区,底施可使烟叶吸钾量、烤烟产量分别提升6%、11%。不同的施肥方式决定着钾素在土壤中的分布特征,常规环施使得肥料钾主要分布在烟株根区顶部,而底施则是在较深的部位,只有环施+洞施使得烟株的大部分根系被钾肥所包围,此种施肥方式可有效提升土壤供钾能力,进而促进烟叶钾含量的提升。综合不同施肥方式对植烟土壤及烤烟钾含量的影响得出:环施+洞施施肥方式在米易、仁和、河口地区施肥效果最优,底施施肥方式在内东地区施肥效果最优。

关键词: 施肥位点, 烤烟, 钾含量, 四川, 环施+洞施, 底施

Abstract:

As a crucial index to evaluate the quality of tobacco, how to improve the potassium content of tobacco is the main purpose of this study. 4 experimental areas were selected in Miyi, Renhe, Hekou and Neidong of Sichuan Province, and 4 fertilization modes (CK no potassium application, T1 conventional circulating application, T2 bottom application and T3 circulating + hole application) were adopted to study the effect of fertilization sites on the potassium content of tobacco planting soil and flue-cured tobacco. The results show that compared with conventional circulating fertilization, the circulating + hole application increases the leaf potassium uptake by 31%, 7% and 25% and the flue-cured tobacco yield by 22%, 9% and 18% in Miyi, Renhe and Hekou, respectively. In Neidong, the bottom application increases the leaf potassium uptake and flue-cured tobacco yield by 6% and 11%, respectively. The distribution characteristics of potassium in soil are determined by different fertilization modes. Conventional circulating application distributes potassium fertilizer mainly at the top of the root zone of tobacco, while the bottom application reaches the deeper zone. Only the circulating + hole application could make most of the roots be surrounded by potassium fertilizer, indicating that this fertilization mode could effectively improve the potassium supply capacity of soil and increase potassium content in tobacco. In conclusion, the fertilization effect of circulating + hole application is the optimum in Miyi, Renhe and Hekou, while that of the bottom application is the optimum in Neidong area.

Key words: fertilization site, flue-cured tobacco, potassium content, Sichuan, circulating + hole application, bottom application

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