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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 123-128.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300255

所属专题： 小麦； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

3种氨基酸与肥料配施对油麦菜生长、品质和养分积累的影响

梁志雄(), 彭智平, 涂玉婷, 吴雪娜, 杨林香, 林志军, 黄继川()   

  1. 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-25 修回日期:2020-05-24 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 黄继川
  • 作者简介:梁志雄,男,1992年出生,广东鹤山人,硕士,研究方向：植物营养与土壤肥料。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区五山街金颖路广东省农科院农业资源与环境研究所,Tel：18825162566,E-mail： 1477617470@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    十三五国家重点研发计划课题“新型增效复合肥料研制与产业化”(2016YFD0200402);广东省科技计划“单质肥料与复合肥增效升级关键技术研究与应用”(2017A020208024);广东省农业科技创新及推广项目(2019KJ102);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(201632TD)

Combined Application of Amino Acids and Fertilizer: Effects on Growth, Quality and Nutrient Absorption of Lactuca sativa L.

Liang Zhixiong(), Peng Zhiping, Tu Yuting, Wu Xuena, Yang Linxiang, Lin Zhijun, Huang Jichuan()   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2020-03-25 Revised:2020-05-24 Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-01-26
  • Contact: Huang Jichuan

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摘要：

为探究不同氨基酸与肥料配施对作物生长的应用效果,明确具备增效功能的氨基酸及其适宜施用浓度。以油麦菜为供试作物采用盆栽试验,以淋施清水为对照,谷氨酸、丙氨酸和天冬氨酸各设3个淋施浓度与肥料配施。试验结果如下：丙氨酸配施处理增产效果整体最优,淋施浓度为20 mmol/L时,油麦菜产量显著高于对照,增幅为9.40%;适量氨基酸淋施均能增加油麦菜总蛋白含量,同时降低硝酸盐的积累,其中淋施天冬氨酸大幅降低了植株硝酸盐含量,降幅为42.57%~79.91%;不同氨基酸淋施均能促进植株的养分积累,其中淋施谷氨酸使油麦菜植株氮、磷、钾积累量分别较对照增加了12.87%、14.50%和8.87%;淋施谷氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸均可促进油麦菜对养分的吸收,提高产量,改善品质,但具体作用效果因氨基酸种类,施用浓度存在差异,可根据生产目的选择适当增效氨基酸及使用浓度。

关键词: 氨基酸, 施用浓度, 生长, 品质, 养分积累

Abstract:

To find out the effects of combined application of amino acids and fertilizer on the growth of crop, and clarify amino acids with synergistic function and their proper application concentrations, a pot experiment was conducted with Lactuca sative L. as material. Glutamic acid, alanine and aspartic acid were chosen and used with 3 concentrations mixed with fertilizer, taking water as control. The results showed that: in all experimental treatments, the treatment with alanine acid had the most obvious effect on yield, when the concentration was 20 mmol/L, the yield of Lactuca sative L. was higher than that of the control, and increased by 9.40%. All the treatments of amino acid with right concentrations could enhance the contents of total protein and decrease the contents of nitrate, besides, the application of aspartic acid added to fertilizer could significantly reduce the nitrate content of Lactuca sative L. by 42.57%-79.91%. All the treatments with amino acids could promote the accumulation of nutrients in Lactuca sativa L. The treatments of glutamate acid could increase the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Lactuca sative L. by 12.87%, 14.50% and 8.87%, respectively, compared with the control. The application of glutamic acid, alanine and aspartic acid added to fertilizer can promote the absorption of nutrients, improve yield and quality of Lactuca sative L.. However, the effects of different amino acids and their proper using concentration are different, which means that appropriate synergistic amino acid and concentration should be selected according to the production purpose.

Key words: amino acid, concentration, growth, quality, nutrient accumulation

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