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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (32): 108-115.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0306

所属专题: 土壤重金属污染 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤调理粉剂处理下茶园土壤重金属污染特征及潜在风险评价

柳小兰1(), 魏福晓1, 王道平1, 张清海2, 林绍霞1(), 潘卫东1, 王若焱3,4   

  1. 1贵州医科大学/贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室,贵阳 550014
    2贵州医科大学,贵阳 550025
    3遵义金喜农业科技有限公司,贵州遵义 563000
    4贵州中医药大学,贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-23 修回日期:2021-08-05 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 林绍霞
  • 作者简介:柳小兰,女,1988年出生,贵州贵阳人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事土壤资源保护与利用的研究工作。通信地址:550014 贵州省贵阳市白云区白金大道贵州科学城3491号,Tel:0851-83808806,E-mail: 952741179@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“贵州草海高原湿地系统湖泊水体总金属多源性研究”(21767006);国家自然科学基金“碳酸盐岩出露地区农产品钙/镉的化学计量关系对其人体生物有效性的影响研究”(31960507);贵州省科技计划项目:贵州食药用资源康养产品研发与成果转化创新能力提升平台建设(黔科合服企[2020]4013);贵州省高等学校工程研究中心“贵州省食品功能与健康工程技术研究中心”(黔教合KY字[2020]014);贵州省科技计划项目“高效经济果蔬本草复方土壤改良与病害防治技术研究与应用”(黔科合支撑【2018】2352);贵阳市科技项目:药物技术服务平台及创新能力建设(筑科合同[2017]8-2号)

Pollution Characteristics and Potential Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Tea Garden Soil Treated with Soil Conditioning Powder

Liu Xiaolan1(), Wei Fuxiao1, Wang Daoping1, Zhang Qinghai2, Lin Shaoxia1(), Pan Weidong1, Wang Ruoyan3,4   

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University/The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014
    2Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025
    3Zunyi Jinxi Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Zunyi 563000, Guizhou
    4Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2021-03-23 Revised:2021-08-05 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Lin Shaoxia

摘要:

本文以贵州安顺不同土壤调理粉剂处理下“瀑布毛峰”茶园土壤为供试样品,通过样品测试与理化分析,对CK处理(0 kg/hm2)、A处理(600 kg/hm2)、B处理(750 kg/hm2)和C处理(900 kg/hm2)下茶园土壤重金属含量特征及污染水平进行探讨。结果表明:不同土壤调理粉剂处理下,研究区域土壤重金属Cr、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、As和Cd的变异程度各异,且土壤中这8种重金属含量也各不相同,其中pH、Cr、Pb和Ni含量在C处理中最高,As、Hg和Cd含量在A处理中最高,Cu和Zn含量在B处理中最高;对各重金属元素进行相关性分析可知,Ni与Pb之间存在极显著相关性,表明两者之间的同源性极高,其余元素之间相关性特征不明显;由综合污染指数(P)得出A处理为轻度污染,CK处理、B处理和C处理均为中度污染,不同处理土壤中Cr均在国家Ⅱ级标准(GB15618—2008)规定范围内,样点达标率为100%,在所选定的污染评价因子中,Cu的贡献率最高,为土壤主要影响因子,其次是Cd和Ni;研究区土壤重金属单项潜在生态风险指数($E_{r}^{i}$)中Hg属于强生态风险,其余7种重金属处于轻微潜在生态风险等级;综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)平均值为196.79,总体处于中等潜在生态风险水平,Hg对RI的贡献率最大,是最主要的生态风险元素。

关键词: 土壤调理粉剂, 茶园, 重金属, 污染评价, 生态风险评价

Abstract:

In this paper, the characteristics of heavy metal content and pollution level of “waterfall Maofeng” tea garden soil under different soil conditioning powder treatments in Anshun, Guizhou Province were studied by means of sample test and physical and chemical analysis. The heavy metal content and pollution level of tea garden soil under CK treatment (0 kg/hm 2), A treatment (600 kg/hm2), B treatment (750 kg/hm2) and C treatment (900 kg/hm2) were discussed. The results showed that: under different soil conditioning powder treatments, the variation degree of heavy metal Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, As and Cd in the study area were different, and the content of the eight heavy metals in the soil were also different. The pH and content of Cr, Pb and Ni were the highest in treatment C, the content of As, Hg and Cd were the highest in treatment A, and the content of Cu and Zn were the highest in treatment B. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between Ni and Pb, indicating that they had high level of homology, while the correlation characteristics of other elements were not obvious. According to the comprehensive pollution index (P), treatment A was slightly polluted, CK, B and C were all moderately polluted. Cr in different soil treatments were within the scope of national class II standard (GB15618—2008), and the sample points were up to the standard and the rate was 100%. Among the selected pollution assessment factors, Cu was the most important factor, followed by Cd and Ni. As to the single potential ecological risk index ($E_{r}^{i}$) of heavy metals in the study area, Hg belonged to strong ecological risk, and the other seven heavy metals were in slight potential ecological risk level. The average value of the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (RI) was 196.79, which was generally at the level of medium potential ecological risk. Hg contributed the most to RI and was the most important ecological risk element.

Key words: soil conditioning powder, tea garden, heavy metals, pollution assessment, ecological risk assessment

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